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Pile Driving Equipments: Prepared By: C.Uma U06CE056

This document discusses pile driving equipment. It describes pile driving as forcing a pile into the ground. The main types of pile hammers discussed are drop hammers, single-acting hammers, double-acting hammers, diesel hammers, and vibratory hammers. Accessories used with hammers include hammer cushions, anvils, helmets, mandrels, pile cushions, and pile caps to adapt hammers to different pile shapes.

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2K views

Pile Driving Equipments: Prepared By: C.Uma U06CE056

This document discusses pile driving equipment. It describes pile driving as forcing a pile into the ground. The main types of pile hammers discussed are drop hammers, single-acting hammers, double-acting hammers, diesel hammers, and vibratory hammers. Accessories used with hammers include hammer cushions, anvils, helmets, mandrels, pile cushions, and pile caps to adapt hammers to different pile shapes.

Uploaded by

ankitbalyan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PILE DRIVING EQUIPMENTS

PREPARED BY:
C.UMA
U06CE056
Contents
 What is pile driving
 Types of hammers
 Types of driving accessories
What is Pile Driving
 Definition:
The operation of forcing a pile into the
ground is known as “pile driving”.
 Pile driving is done on “driven piles” and

“driven and cast in-situ piles”.


Fig. Schematic diagram of Pile Driver with Crawler Mounted
Rig
Types of Pile Hammers
 Drop hammer
 Single-acting hammer (steam or pneumatic)
 Double-acting hammer (steam or pneumatic)
 Diesel hammer (internal combustion)
 Vibratory hammer
Drop Hammer

Fig. Schematic diagram of a


drop hammer Fig. Drop hammer
Features of Drop Hammer
 The hammer or ram is raised by pulley and
which is allowed to fall on top of the pile.
 This is the simplest type.
 The drop hammer is simple but very slow and

is used for small jobs only.


Single-Acting Hammer
 In this type, hammer is raised by steam or
compressed air and is allowed to drop on the
pile head.
 Weight of hammer 1000 to 10000 kg
 Height of fall 60 to 90 cm
 Advantage: the blows may be delivered much

more rapidly than in case of drop hammer.


Fig. Single acting hammer showing various strokes during driving
action
Double-Acting Hammer

Fig. Double-acting hammer Fig. Schematic diagram of a


typical drop hammer
Features of Double-acting hammer
 Steam or air pressure is employed to lift the
ram and then accelerate it downward.
 The blows are more rapid; 90 to 240 blows

per minute.
 Less time required to drive the pile
 Easy pile driving
 Weight of ram may be 1000 to 2500 kg.
Suitability of Double-Acting Hammer
 Steam operated hammers are more efficient
with circulating steam generators.
 If the hammer is to be operated under wayer,

compressed air type operation is necessary.


 Advantage: pile in continuous motion,

reduced effect of impact, thus minimal


damage to pile head
Diesel Hammer
 Works on internal combustion of diesel oil.
 Energy provided both for raising the hammer

and for downward stroke.


 These can be single or double acting type
 This type is self contained, economical and

simple.
 A hydraulic pressure activated hammer is

faster and lighter compared to equivalent


steam hammers.
Fig. Diesel hammers
Vibratory Hammer
 The driving unit operates at high frequency
and thus, the driving is quick and quiet.
 A variable speed oscillator is used for the

purpose of creating resonance condittions.


 Easy penetration of the pile with a relatively

small driving effort.


Fig. Vibratory hammer
Types of Vibratory Hammers
 Low frequency hammers
 Medium frequency hammers
 High frequency hammers
 Sonic or resonant hammers
 Impact vibration hammer
Driving accessories
 It is not possible for striking the end of the
ram of an impact hammer to directly adapt
itself to all shapes of piles; therefore, it is
necessary to have driving accessories of
various types to be inserted between the
bottom of the hammer and the pile.
Various Driving Accessories
 Hammer cushion
 Anvil
 Helmets
 Mandrels
 Pile cushions
 Pile caps
Fig. Hammer cushions
Fig. Pile driving accessories
Refernces
 “GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING”, by
C.Venkatramaiah, “Wiley Easter Ltd”
 Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC), Pile driving

equipment
Thank you!

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