Animal Farm

Research Paper
Primary Source Graphic Organizer

Instructions: Use this form as a collection place for potential primary

source quotes that you may use in your research paper. Allow the boxes
to expand as you enter your information.

Speaker:
narrator or
characters
name

Copy the quote here

1. Narrator
about the
pigs

As
for the horses, they knew every inch of the
field, and in fact understood
the business of mowing and raking far better
than Jones and his men had
ever done. The pigs did not actually work, but
directed and supervised the
others. With their superior knowledge it was
natural that they should
assume the leadership.

2. Snowball

"A bird's wing, comrades," he said, "is an

organ of propulsion and not of
manipulation. It should therefore be regarded
as a leg. The distinguishing
mark of man is the HAND, the instrument with
which he does all his
mischief."

3. Squealer

Many of us actually dislike

milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Our
sole object in taking these
things is to preserve our health. Milk and
apples (this has been proved by
Science, comrades) contain substances
absolutely necessary to the
well-being of a pig. We pigs are brainworkers.
The whole management and
organization of this farm depend on us. Day
and night we are watching over
your welfare. It is for YOUR sake that we
drink that milk and eat those
apples. Do you know what would happen if we
pigs failed in our duty? Jones
would come back! Yes, Jones would come
back! Surely, comrades," cried

Describe what your primary source quote

does to support your theme.
What does it explain to the reader about your
analysis?
Why is it important for the reader to
understand your character and this quote?
In the story, the pigs educate themselves to the
best of their abilities and the pigs educate the
other animals to the point that they deem to be
necessary, like the alphabet and the Seven
Commandments of Animalism. Due to the fact
that the pigs educated themselves more than they
educated the other farm animals, the pigs felt that
they deserved a higher ranking and social standing
than all other animals. This clearly shows the
reader that the pigs educated themselves more
than the other animals so they can control the
farm with nobody to stop them.
Snowball states that birds are not considered men
because their wings are considered feet. He
changed the commandment (Four legs good, two
legs bad) so that birds may be considered
comrades. This manipulation of law displays
Snowballs power over the other animals because
of his educated conclusion. The reader can see
how Snowball can alter the animals way of
thinking and seeing things, just by speaking.
Squealer tells the animals that the pigs do not
even like apples and milk, that they need the
nutrients so the pigs stay in control and Farmer
Jones does not come back. This falsifying of the
truth would be clear to the other animals if they
had common knowledge, which they do not.
Squealer knows that if he says anything to the
animals that they will believe him because he is a
pig, the smartest animal on the farm. The reader
could use this quote to determine how the pigs,
especially Squealer takes bits and pieces of the
truth and adds them to a lie so the other animals
will not see the pigs as mistreating them, which is
using knowledge as a tool of oppression.

4. Narrator
about
Snowball

Squealer
Snowball,
who had studied an old book of Julius Caesar's
campaigns which he had
found in the farmhouse, was in charge of the
defensive operations. He gave
his orders quickly, and in a couple of minutes
every animal was at his post.

5. Narrator
about
Snowball
and
Napoleon

It had come to be accepted that the pigs, who

were manifestly cleverer than the other
animals, should decide all questions of farm
policy, though their decisions had to be ratified
by a majority vote. This arrangement would
have worked well enough if it had not been for
the disputes between Snowball and Napoleon.

6. Narrator
about
Snowball
and
Napoleon

Each had his own following, and there were

some violent debates. At the Meetings
Snowball often won over the majority by his
brilliant speeches, but Napoleon was better at
canvassing support for himself in between
times. He was especially successful with the
sheep. Of late the sheep had taken to bleating
Four legs good, two legs bad both in and out
of season, and they often interrupted the
Meeting with this. It was noticed that they
were especially liable to break into Four legs
good, two legs bad at crucial moments in
Snowballs speeches.
At first no one had been able to imagine where
these creatures came from, but the problem
was soon solved: they were the puppies whom
Napoleon had taken away from their mothers
and reared privately. Though not yet fullgrown, they were huge dogs, and as fiercelooking as wolves. They kept close to
Napoleon. It was noticed that they wagged
their tails to him in the same way as the other
dogs had been used to do to Mr. Jones.

7. Napoleon

8. Squealer

I trust that every animal here appreciates the

sacrifice that Comrade Napoleon has made in
taking this extra labor upon himself. Do not
imagine, comrades, that leadership is a

Snowball studied defensive operations so that he

could run the Animal Farm Army. With the few
pieces of knowledgeable material Snowball
gained, he was able to control all of the animals at
battle, with no questions asked. Snowball could
tell all of the animals that a crazy task was to
prepare for battle and the animals would do it
because Snowball was educated in defense
operations. The reader can see that education
equals power and with Snowball being educated
in military affairs that he was the most powerful
man when it comes to war.
The pigs, mainly Snowball and Napoleon, decided
that they should make all of the decisions around
the farm because they are the most educated and
were simply in charge. This notion to rid of all
public meetings gave the pigs even more control
over the farm and now no opinions came from the
other animals. This shows the pigs having total
power (totalitarianism) over the animals because
of their ability to make the most knowledgeable
decisions on the farm.
Snowball and Napoleon had many debates on the
topics most relevant to the farm. Snowball would
win over the crowd with his well thought of
speeches but Napoleon had the ability to
somehow persuade the farm to vote for him no
matter what. Napoleon even acquired the sheep to
begin chanting during the most important parts of
Snowballs speeches. Napoleon used his
knowledge of the animals to make them do things
they usually would not do, like interrupt a speech
at critical moments.

Napoleon taught and the nine puppies taken away

from their mothers to be vicious and that
everything that he does and says is good.
Napoleon manipulated the puppies mothers to
believe that Napoleon was going to educate the
puppies the best that he possibly can. Napoleon
also altered the puppies to train them to be attack
dogs and act as servants, just like to other dogs
used to do for Mr. Jones. Napoleon used
education and knowledge to educate nine young
dogs on how to attack and terrorize all who
oppose Napoleon or his ideas.
Squealer is yet again forcing the animals to
believe lies. Squealer makes the animals believe
that Napoleon is doing everything for the animals
and for the betterment of the farm, when really

9. Napoleon
and
Squealer

10. Squealer

pleasure! On the contrary, it is a deep and

heavy responsibility. No one believes more
firmly than Comrade Napoleon that all animals
are equal. He would be only too happy to let
you make your decisions for yourselves. But
sometimes you might make the wrong
decisions, comrades, and then where should we
be? Suppose you had decided to follow
Snowball, with his moonshine of windmills
Snowball, who, as we now know, was no better
than a criminal?
Nowadays they did not sit all together as they
had done in the past. Napoleon, with Squealer
and another pig named Minimus, who had a
remarkable gift for composing songs and
poems, sat on the front of the raised platform,
with the nine young dogs forming a semicircle
round them, and the other pigs sitting behind.
The rest of the animals sat facing them in the
main body of the barn. Napoleon read out the
orders for the week in a gruff soldierly style,
and after a single singing of Beasts of
England, all the animals dispersed.
That evening Squealer explained privately to
the other animals that Napoleon had never in
reality been opposed to the windmill. On the
contrary, it was he who had advocated it in the
beginning, and the plan which Snowball had
drawn on the floor of the incubator shed had
actually been stolen from among Napoleons
papers. The windmill was, in fact, Napoleons
own creation. Why, then, asked somebody, had
he spoken so strongly against it? Here Squealer
looked very sly. That, he said, was Comrade
Napoleons cunning. He had SEEMED to
oppose the windmill, simply as a manoeuvre to
get rid of Snowball, who was a dangerous
character and a bad influence. Now that
Snowball was out of the way, the plan could go
forward without his interference. This, said
Squealer, was something called tactics.

Napoleon is doing many sneaky and selfish

things. Squeaker is also telling the animals that
Napoleon is only in charge to make decisions
because he is the smartest and that all other
animals could possible make a bad decision.
Squeaker tells the other animals that Napoleon is
the best because Snowball, who they trusted in,
was nothing but a criminal.

Napoleon and Squeaker made many changes to

the farm, most of them not doing anything but
hurting the other animals such as: working on
Sundays, increased labor, decreased sanctions, no
public meetings, and no say whatsoever.
Napoleon pretty much formed a committee that
was in control of the whole farm and made the
other animals sit facing the committee of leaders.
Napoleon began to just command certain tasks at
the beginning of each week that the other animals
must accomplish and still sing Beasts of
England, which was the only thing the same
about the farm.
Squeaker exposes Napoleons lies top the farm
and Snowballs thieving ways. Squeaker educates
the farm on how the windmill situation really
happened and how Napoleon was simply using
tactics to get what he wanted all along. Napoleon
wanted to purge the farm of Snowball and still get
the windmill at the end of the day. This shows the
reader that Squeaker is educated on the truth,
Napoleon was being very sly and made the
animals do what he wanted, and that Snowball
used someone elses ideas and knowledge as his
own.