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Thyristor SCR

An SCR (silicon controlled rectifier), also known as a thyristor, is a semiconductor device that acts as a controlled rectifier, allowing current to flow in only one direction when a gate current is applied. It consists of four alternating layers of N-type and P-type semiconductor (pnpn structure). Current flow is controlled by applying a current or voltage signal to the gate terminal, while the anode and cathode terminals function similarly to a standard diode. SCRs are commonly used for power control applications by triggering conduction at a specific point in the AC cycle to regulate the average current delivered to a load.

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193 views

Thyristor SCR

An SCR (silicon controlled rectifier), also known as a thyristor, is a semiconductor device that acts as a controlled rectifier, allowing current to flow in only one direction when a gate current is applied. It consists of four alternating layers of N-type and P-type semiconductor (pnpn structure). Current flow is controlled by applying a current or voltage signal to the gate terminal, while the anode and cathode terminals function similarly to a standard diode. SCRs are commonly used for power control applications by triggering conduction at a specific point in the AC cycle to regulate the average current delivered to a load.

Uploaded by

Bharat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCR / Thyristor

Circuit

Symbol and Terminal Identification

ANODE

GATE

SCR
2N3668

CATHODE

SCR / Thyristor
Anode

and Cathode
terminals as
conventional pn
junction diode

Gate

terminal for a
controlling input
signal

ANODE

GATE

SCR
2N3668

CATHODE

SCR/ Thyristor

An SCR (Thyristor) is a controlled rectifier (diode)

Control the conduction under forward bias by applying a


current into the Gate terminal

Under reverse bias, looks like conventional pn junction


diode

SCR / Thyristor
4-layer

Anode

(pnpn) device

Anode,

Cathode as
for a conventional pn
junction diode

Cathode

Gate
brought out for
controlling input

N
Gate
P

Cathode

Equivalent
ANODE
Circuit
ANODE

P
Q1

N
GATE

BJT_PNP_VIRTUAL

Q2

P
GATE
BJT_NPN_VIRTUAL

N
CATHODE

CATHODE

Apply Biasing
With the Gate terminal
OPEN, both transistors are
OFF. As the applied
voltage increases, there will
be a breakdown that
causes both transistors to
conduct (saturate) making
IF > 0 and VAK = 0.
Variable

IF

50V

ANODE (A)

IC2=IB1

Q1

BJT_PNP_VIRTUAL

GATE (G)

Q2

IC1 = IB2

BJT_NPN_VIRTUAL

VBreakdown = VBR(F)

CATHODE (K)

IF

Volt-Ampere Characteristic
IF

Holding Current IH

VBR(F)

VAK

Breakdown Voltage

Apply a Gate Current


For 0 < VAK < VBR(F),

Variable
50V

Turn Q2 ON by applying a
current into the Gate

ANODE (A)

IF
IC2 = IB1

Q1

This causes Q1 to turn ON, and


eventually both transistors
SATURATE

BJT_PNP_VIRTUAL

GATE (G)

VAK = VCEsat + VBEsat


VG
If the Gate pulse is removed, Q1
and Q2 still stay ON!

IB2

Q2

BJT_NPN_VIRTUAL

CATHODE (K)

IF

How do you turn it OFF?

Cause the forward current to fall below the value if the


holding current, IH

Reverse bias the device

SCR Application Power


Control
XSC1

G
A

R
25kOhm
Key = a
Vs
170V
120.21V_rms
60Hz
0Deg

60%

When the voltage across


the capacitor reaches the
trigger-point voltage of
the device, the SCR turns
ON, current flows in the
Load for the remainder of
the positive half-cycle.

D1
2N1776

Rload
15ohm

C
0.01uF

Current flow stops when


the applied voltage goes
negative.

Input / Output Voltages

Look at the LOAD Current

Conduction time Conduction Angle = 180 -


Firing time Firing Angle ()

Average Load Current

1 V

sin td(t)

2 R
V

(1 cos )
2 R

L ,AVE

LOAD

L ,AVE

tan (RC )
1

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