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Vle 9

At equilibrium, there are no driving forces causing changes in energy, mass, or other macroscopic properties over time. Equilibrium concepts can be used to understand vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE), which is represented through phase diagrams. Dalton's law and modified Raoult's law describe how total pressure, partial pressures, and vapor/liquid compositions are related at VLE. Pressure, temperature, and compositions at the phase boundary determine the equilibrium condition between coexisting vapor and liquid phases.

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17 views10 pages

Vle 9

At equilibrium, there are no driving forces causing changes in energy, mass, or other macroscopic properties over time. Equilibrium concepts can be used to understand vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE), which is represented through phase diagrams. Dalton's law and modified Raoult's law describe how total pressure, partial pressures, and vapor/liquid compositions are related at VLE. Pressure, temperature, and compositions at the phase boundary determine the equilibrium condition between coexisting vapor and liquid phases.

Uploaded by

PRAVIN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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At equilibrium no driving force for energy

or mass transfer .

Equilibrium is the static condition in


which no change occur in the
macroscopic properties of a system with
time

Daltons law

Ptotal = p1+ p2
Where,
Ptotal -Total pressure
p1 ,p2 -Partial pressure of component.

Composition of liquid phase :


x1= p1/ p10
= partial pressure of component /vapour pressure of pure component

Composition in gaseous phase :


y 1= p1/ P

= partial pressure of component /total pressure


Raoults law becomes

yiP=xiPisat (i=1,2,3..n)
Where:
yi = Vapor-phase mole fraction.
xi = Liquid-phase mole fraction.
Pi = Vapor pressure of pure species i at the T of the system.
yi P = Partial pressure of species i.

VLE by Modified Raoults Law

yi P = xi i Pisat ( i= 1,2,..,N)
Where
i = Activity coefficient.

Effect of pressure on VLE The high pressure


diagrams are above low pressure.

Equilibrium Diagram
Vapor composition is drawn against liquid comp at
constant pressure. Vapour is always rich in more
volatile component the curve lies above the diagonal
line.

Effect of varying pressure on equilibrium


diagram

P-x-y Diagram

Fugacity: It is derived from Latin, expressed as


fleetness or escaping tendency. It is used
to study extensively phase and chemical reaction
equilibrium.
G = RT ln f +
- Is an constant depends on temperature and nature
of gas.
fugacity has same units as pressure for an ideal gas.

Fugacity coefficient () :
Fugacity coefficient is defined as the ratio of fugacity
of component to its pressure.

=f/P
- Is the measure of non ideal behavior of the gas.

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