0l

gN=r Nod
5g!lobus:?

+ co4cEl

:) Nornenl
+

oF

o!

Force

Forco qbouF

ReroluHon ond
RtducHon oh
CouPle

.t

comps

s\shrn

a pcintqnd qbodqnqnir

iliotls ob coPlonet

guivatenl

forces lnto

Forca syslem

a Force Qrld

Forcer/ sqslefi '

En6in aring

OTn thi:

IYlechonics

::9

subjeuf , we deo'l'r t-uilh lhe sl-udy

dirkre4g

mrclqqicr
Lqur qnd grincllle: of e{lnoattn6

qgflied

to tho enBineqrina Probltr4r.

@$

qnd l-heir efk+t

Q\to inthldes the sludY 6b forcu

0rl ihe bodia-r In diHerenl stq+er'

st{ence uJrtch deolr r,oil-h hhs
6b
bronch
ls
@ Nechqnics
etFecF o0 bodlev efther o.h
qnd
thslr
[orcPs
Sfudy

']

Iesh or

0 fls q

in

ntohbn

'

rnotter db Fqcf '

Knorr-:ledge

o\ en0inearing

e:renficl For qn enSinoer tn flonning,

Ven,
mstbqnicr
ct slruclurq
vqriow
htr
6b
\?n,
qnd consfrutllon

il

d,ui9n\nj
qnd mqthine'
clqssf

EEjEn

q\ tn6inePrini rnethqnicr, 9
nNhqniu

(rtsh ?osrHrn)
KinEHU
Lt

tqrl

lorce .{re
qon5l6qrod)

Ktnomoljg
(fiffi-ortorce Qre rof
convid a{eD

lqethqnt'c:
Hg bronche: db gnj lrleenn-9

9E[l- i\ l-he body rtSoinr ib srze qnd shaTe e

Qtftr lhe removq.l "t el-ernqlly qplted forc l-hen l-he
-_-_-u-il srid to bq qn eloshc !'t
$ody
E\o:Hc

-9q1,

an-e+L:

Pqtficlt:

qnd

qt
-

- -Tho lotHon ob mqsr roll-houf Onrl dlrntnjtoqr

[onl-oJnin$ ]ht

OoPfnip qnounl"

o] mqfRr ls cqlled

lotticle'

lQt

An

oblocl- hovin3 deFinile

dqHnilt sfqce

IUg- if
:- Sdsl
on'ly
I

lorce o\

htrordr

l-he

Qs

otrufy ing the

bodv.
I

qu qnHty

trqtfion
eqrfh

urtd for [ne0surernent

uril-b r,uhtch

tgnlr

lJ

db lhe

the body fr

colled Or uojl',f

- A ?h,t slcal

qlsx

ond fto

ExqmP)t.'

cqlled

is ths bottc

-The

otlrocfed

il

ffior qnd

Trmt,

mognitttdo
$qnHty hqving
uv
diretl-ion ll col\ed scqlqr quunHt',6.
nf'
, oreq, pouref,votufie,Fml
s?
tsd
m0SJ'

rnoln{fude

- VQ$oI q.Whtd- fi thlrcol fuuanH]y hovrn3

-:::qr urql\ Qr dlrotHon, ir cqlled tr'ccfor quOnft\

qctlr)eF'
frpmyle'. force, tnomenhug1, vtlotth/, dirylotemQnt '
'or
-The
tho
oF
lorhcle ruhen
loinlsutt6unding
SPoco:q-t sfa cs' pL the !ornohtc
]irmed
ti
Ftxn.]
rU g*ifron

il

reAionintrlhichs|udy4bodyirinvolvedircolIed
v
sFace

co-ord f nql Geomefry

--C

T[re SpOca It drytded

Y oxu

Info four [uodronts

q ve)

1I [uodronl
La,9
t^ (-'t,

T(:c,Luadrqnf

by uring a.qrt
qnd \"oal-t qr

V)

L+'f,

r oruI

ffar

0(oro.l

bveJ
,l

TTI dU0dronE

C{,V

tve)

o yoint il denoFed

(J')

1,,; l-ho colrdrnai-

Yoxr

poinL tulttth tl

Cqflrion Co'ordrnohe 6b e
-lriq

nornenl'^l
:U:=-X

tor'nl

qnd dcrioted U; lcx,'1) "

0F Stuor oF luro TerpendtcuJqrfidr

il equal Fo Fhe sqqor $ hlpot0ntorrr.

Ucf= cD1- cAE-

Sln0 =
CoSo

Lel L*sc -

e
slde
olpo.
Ir
hYPO

o{

side

qnd AB=c,BC:Q'ftc=b

-- va
-Co-

aL=

&+P
I

Cotece

6^^rl

;trtu --

stne
I

6.65'o

hYPo
I

|on e

oPPo.sde
qdJ. stde

cqlled

Tn rtghl- qtle triongle r the sum

Hlpol-anmut

goo

RgUrc

- Tn lhpro cLU0dronlr

QuodronL

(A,\)

L_,_J

tn

5f16r1'r

0
C

cote =

fi;;

=-L
b
= -9c
C
I

Jn

Foltourinj F6uro , A0 is q lqddtr kepl- cgoinsl^ q

trtoll.

Al- poinf C,

0 ParsoD ureih Ing 500

Tho Force opPhed b6 fha

lbe

Perron 0n

fhe

t!

ls

sfondrn6

lqdd or hqr

Fo\\outng choroclerirHcr :

*lvloqntludo
U

il soo N

ql c uhtch It
4poinf o\ ojplicoHon is
frorn th t Ft oor 0\0f10 lhe lqdder

uns o! otHoD is vtrhcal

4 -lirttHon il

trtok l-hol lhe mqgniilde

the

- Thr

Ftgure

dounurrord.
oT

the $orce is ulrlllen

naoY

qlrou)

Irne

o] $s

qtrou shows the \int o\' olfllcoHon

'

q?Pltcqhon
Fhe
loinl'olo
reprolents
0nd lhe 0rroo heqd

qnd

the dirtthon o\ lhP torce'

Fundqrnentql

Eat 9\

EnBinoerrnt

o5 fitohon
Nleofon'r HrsL lot'rl

tltr.,lfon'l

sQeond

t\echqnicr

lquJ o$ rloHon

moHon
ob
lqr'
O Ntrrlhon'r lhird
o|
@ frlttolon'r lqr^) $rov$oHon

o\

ForcPr

Loo o['l'ronsmissibilr\
lqd ob Forcar

@ ?orolle\ogTorn

Newtons Thlrd lour $ IfloHonl

ff

Sho[er fhot- For every qthon fherp

qnd

oPPosihe teo(Flon'

qn

equo1

conlidor tho trlo bodiPt fn confqcl- wtl-h eoch ohpr.

tel onP body applier o lorcP F on oDofhpr Accordrng

lo [his tqD, fhp spcond body develogr q reothve Force

in
forco p ond qct in
magnitudo
fo
il
equo.l
R
olpotilt direchon
15p lrn0 soff'to qr F u* ln l-ho
ulhicb

Follotrlinj

Fr.g.

qnd }he
shoull l.hp othoo o\ |bo bo||

rtntl-ton horn thP

Ploor'

(-reocHon R=F

Finure

o\ {rovitoHon:
Lour
O lrltroton;
-T[e
hrce
body
olher
qttroctr
the
- Evevy bodl
bodfor
bttweon onY hoo
fh

elr

ir

q fitrqchoq

airerHy proporh onal

l-o

to lh'a squqr
polorfianal
rnqsrs qnd inyqrrely

o\ dirtqnce lgfureen l-hera'

---

@ Lo,^l of ?qTollelogrorn o\ furces:

rUultonl- o!
Thir lqt,l is $ed f0 deFermlne thq

coj\ontr Forco: qthnB

if sloFer fhq!, " r\ tu:o

in

re[ertnled

mognihudo

n a loinf'

torce.r

0nd

ocllrg on q foinl- be
dirprhon b6 tht Mo

o) lorollologrorn, l-hon l-hejr

SidPr
odjocenL
qnd diretHon
rnog niiud
ID

ir

o'r

reltr'llcrnt
hlr p

bd

tqrorm)-ed

dtoqona\ o\
f

furo

|hP

Fhcf

fhrou(h
rn
?otirn0
otolltlo9ro
!

nt
t2

f,A

A
I

l{
o

Fr

\r<

}e

tiA

tl

fiq lora of lorotltlo6rom fb

Lqur ab loTqllaloflTorn
qbovc

ft6ura

'(\
v

6\

Forco'r

lr

reprerenled io

lohqro l-he rerultonf CA)

'

Porce'

force'r Ft

o
qnd F2- lnt\ined al qn on6,lt d oqd octrrg crf v
roro Post'tiJ
q
diEonal
b5
Plqllelolf
thq
\i $\vrn
fnclined o'F on5lce
ir
R
tuu\tonf
The
o
f.i'f
lhrrugb

wrth

Forcs

ft'

slou) fho lorollelo6rorn

qbove

fi,1ure

d'rqr'^l

co Jar h

lAcb qr

0A

shouoo

io

SVslern.

gg_ereeJl
force

coploner

Fo

Slol-iol force

ca rysl-ern

OEattql

Cottrneor Force sqllem

concurrenl Forco sYrlrn

Non-concurrun6 foralld Forco @

slotiot non' concurro-nt

rylern
tNon- lorolleD FoI(

uon - toncutrprrl- [Non'lorolte[

forte

sYtl-trn

- A Force srjrkm is a Col\ethion

lotoHons' ThuJ

'

0 gllleol

o[ Forcer ocHn6 o] sleci$r'ed

on
fhe seh of {orcQr shoun
stllkrn' Folce\lRm
force
o.
u+
moKe

frce-Uooy dio6rom
deltribe o
uled
}trm
o
is

rN

concuttent totte lisfern

gorolle.l force srPhrn

@ sloHa\

SYtkrn

sy.rlern

0n{ N9!:co!!-!-qr

tb .l\ th,

Line

$ ott-ion
line , co\lineor

qnY

troq q

Forces'

&g IYen' +

[orces ocf olon6 tho soffie

[orco sr.lrltm devel.oP'

c+aPs

- Tf

Hq --:'collineo.

4 rrr'asffir
OCfion

, flon'

t\ oll

collineOr

}ho

Forcg

9z\g

Iona

line $
lorrol hnye sgorafi.
srllfern deuoto1-r'
Fiq' noncollineor ForP'

---rh
^
r<-----r?-

tz1

a*=\

u/E'-

hq, tton-cortcurreoI

Frq.Conunent lorce

force syrfern

SysFrrn

lh
!-"4

F;/

P7-

\t/

hq. coplonot

norl-con cuyrelt

fig. oplonqr, c.oncunenb

qnor, 4on-con cunbF

Hq, Norl-coll

concurront
hq, Non-oilonor

-TTicnqlg Lqd'

Illqn3

Forcos'

torcer qcHng

fu

,.1rnrnn*,

9|

simulto^*,*l^::

re'rerenheol

'-"

\*\./

Ore

: ,tlt1)t,"*::
bd |l"re closin6 srde d the

;tjn'',r*,uXt u
ollosiR ordor'
in
tqken
triqnslc
'0
Y
13

body

in order,

tho sidor ':

/\u

rr-------\4----:t,

4
Vr
g--

Hgun
C.,

?z-

mqnihd ond

@l

ditccHon'

erq'@

Hq'@

AnUXIol

otHn6 on bodl

Forcot h ond
hrlo
Corlrider
0n8le belween hhP
fhe
utl
hq'@
sho$n

'

ln

httel

-IF

bg 'O' '
AecD

thq loro\lelogrorn
qnd

urfh

for cornlosrtro'n'of,foE9l-'

l\ethod

AB roryormb

to
Atcorclin6

fi

?oro\lQlogrorn

ll

A'o

lqo

qr

h'o

qr shoun in Hq'@'
iqrerenb Fz'

dror-rrn

force-l/ Ac refQrenh

I'
reru\ton|
fhe
h AB,
$rc)? CE ltrltncllurlot
qnd tz ir
ft
o\
(.eru\ton l P.

Notr'

(=

qrrrerr

b6

r-- -; ;;;
ec-

Ac =-\ AE^+

GBtse,
6s

= Fr

coso=
Sl0s

qnd

jL

= 3L

c-

[o: Fzcotg = Fzwo

: . bE=Bc
'.. CEtBcSl0O : lzlnO

Resolul-ion

--The

of

forcor

fesoluHon o"b Forcor ir

pTocoss

.t

comforrHon

o\

forcor

db findrng

Tt {s the

flp erqcHy tho oppork

'

o nurnbor o\

corn Fone4[

Plocelr
tho body
on
eFFe#
soma
hqve
tr:rll
force-r uhlch

qI BlYerl crrqte force'

1xq me;hgd 6b stlitlinE

q $n{le futce

ln

toqfonoF

lnh .'O

choo6iqg 1! etftct-on

dlFftrtnf airetHon ''no*

tT:1^,
o)
Force
reto\uHon
vv\J'Jll cqlled
tho
lrlr< bodl
. ---r.,^ l tnfo
rn[+, ilh-oo om?on
omPonenh
ftlo
ih
TPfolved
I
COn 're

Fvpru
"'l f6rce
'-r

f=

Forcp

,
olgltod

aY

'f

,,ro f.rfro
ond*0rlJ
^, ^ rboln
force F qnd*oxlr

^
Oolle
=

'

4N

,\ / nt

o=*,nu
'f

dHorizonlaD

[=

Flsto

: *cornPnTltl':T*\/

\=Fnno =

:
rf cofllfonen[(wh'cat]ffi

g
0

Fot

f il3"a

velFicol forco:

crorrhve)

Joornrod
){L

fr=FoJo

For Hcrrrtonlal Forco't;

Tomrrj
-

CNgohve)

lrtl-

cneqahve)

| lE> +-vo

To,rnrd I rrqht C&r h^re)

r

,tfq

u:

Thq two tomlonurl- Forcor

trrhtch oTe fiiutuqlly

prrpnelitu\nr (qn ba obhunpd to gef

Notrt

+hq renrltonf.

g furcpl lr quol to 1t6 muluallf

thr syttm

ptrgondiculor torcor 00me'l'1

zfa

qnd

zFY o

shoto4

tn l-rq,O
Stnco ltlo Forco orq

$e

q1 rtght onglr., b eoch tdother,

prollelogfqrn qr furcor bocanu o

Rerullonl-R=

h Int\inoHon

recton6le,

l-o r-- Oxlr

IONJEFl

tl=
v\

(0r(
h
z
lJhore
=
g. sin o(
ztl
-i
=
I
R,

qfq lhs \
Z$'J
Ond
Zta.

relulfonl
probltm

0A

-1

otlPononts r[ thn

P.

a ?olnl- on
at
otHng
hrcor
sqtttm o\

bodY 0J 5fioun

ond

bh;\liKo*fi28)

ilu0r : int\inohoD $

in Ptguro' oel-errnfn'o
laON

re.,ultonl-.

tuostnel zooN
lzosrn

2oo C0IOr

10oN forcQ l-o

l-qrt

tuno,-

I
100$nqo

ffiH*=f-so''e'd
Fo N

,oln ro.

100 N
[00 tof

qo

PfoUqrn:

A hiongle ABc ha, lb

stder AB=qornrn ofonS'"piltl-tt*"

qi.ri qnd sfde Bc qloQg Fjthve Y *tti ' J[reQ torcer f,]
lhe rfdpr AB' Bc, c4
AoN, 5oN and 3oN ocl olonj
'ol'
etr
oehrrntne T\1uQn{hrdu ob reruthorll- $ Iuth l*1rkm Forte;'
b righl
From Fr'g, tre knoul l-hol A*ec

onqle triongle'

Ria;

Rna gcz
Lqot+ LsoP

=
Ac:5o

mft')

Resolvrng torcet horizontol16'

2t*'= 4o-

bu|

3ot'ose

coTo

= !9

=o

verHctllY

lerohrng [orcu
zfu = E0-g0sln A
0'6
'
sin e: 99- =

rc'
{-l K - ho- Soxo'8
-

b,^l

z! =

f-tr-{4

-' F,tsullonL q

ott

f\rto

f4tcP-r ,

zrf
R:
trt65tFl

forcej ore
q
s\sfern
Ptoblerrr: A
rerFoqqulolt

n3

atfi

ln
shouln
cu
btock

ng ot

Frq.

Fho corqorl

-'#_:.';:_H' U=,

Ruolvrnfl Forter

tenrrtonl

VerHc$t'i

zh=

lcN

LqY+l

grn

*n,

Gsr)

- -85|q'l

(= fffiffi R: $s'lf

sotctl

qnd diro+ion e5 resullont.

rnognifudo

;;;'t!;;
Ruorvi

56- fof0.6

o:

\qn{

t*)

= tqltPI-)
g=86 6o,

oI bodies
.4=---

Abodyilsard|oboinaqujlibrfumuhpnfl-isotlinpcrr moHon i: nolIn

bp
ho
Iesl- 0r conl-inueJ
q moHon (firtf lqh'l'

lotrl
Nsblonl
lo
qllered' ffcmrdrn!
ott the Forcer och'n3
q
reruhnl
ll- maqnj tfiqh fhq

eero
il
equl\lbriurn
in
0n o bodl

sqshern c5 conturren|
g
65
Resutl-ont

onll

Forcp-r is

zero

ore sofulred'
ondrhoor
whsn l-hp roitorlt'g

zh-=o

z\ =o

-ly?r

.\ torcPt 0tHnJ on bo#:

coif,ruonr ho

o body' il-ir

qulibrium
l.lhm oPPlYlnS
och'ng on o body should

ort ;e
tt'qt
ujqnhol

be

Forcor

cDnsldsrod

ochnS
forcP-r
Vortou.l

on bodY

'

O AFPt'qd Forcqr
@

Non-oPPlred

Q APfhed hrces:

ore
AllireO hno;

hrcol
the $orcot

qryhed eeftfnollS

o bodY

a
hqr
3of
foinl'
hlcor
toch cb l-ho

trtrth

booY

t-hs

to

q conlocl-

!p, Orou

%
ygoeeinq
\\

Fho

|hq

6tr drouln6

hr

Proe body dr'ogrorn

hrm ' frre

o| V0rtotu supfoTb.

body dtugrorn'. l.lhof

lr

FBO

lho qn6lysl-J 6b equilibriurn condfh'on, ll- tr

fu lsololt

l-ho lurpose

nocossory

kom tho olhpr

Fho body undor cotttldprohan
on
ond drout oll hho Forcpr Achng

tn ConhocF
bodV i-r druun ond thtn
Iho
$inlFhir'
tbo bodl' For
qf
bodiel

ulerghh qnd ths TQacHorlt

ssl[
Forcpr'
oppliod
qrp drouon'
bodiel
othor
thq
urtfh
uO contocl-

l-hp

po,r*
nsuch

ii freed
constdtroHon
undtr
bodl
tho
diqgrorn 6b
0cHn3

from o\\

fho

qnd 0\\ hha Forcpr

surFcttQs
conhoch
surfotor) qro drourn'
conhoch
o'h
teuthonl

0n

.,* t

ir

drogrom
cu\led treo bodl

inc\udinq

Reuthng bodi-

PsoT

ru#+'iA

_Eso
lkr

boll

rn
tR

bo\\

qLrr. Sl-olt

qnd txploin Lqmi's |htorerq'(s-zote)

fFq.bodyisinequtlibriufiunderthpocHonob
q $umber af Forcot , tf rnoY be anallsed uring zh=o
body fr n equilib1turn
r\
tho
HotrrQvQr'
qnd

Z\ =O '

o!
onlrf three coPlqnr concurrenf
ocHofl
Under \he
CorcPr

(on be uted'
fhqetorn
Lomil

Lorni\ t\oorem shqter hhaf '

r\ o bodl l\ in squlltbriurrl

QoCI hreF
Fhroe
Forcot'
o\
u1der Fho ocHon

proporHonal

ons\e botrreon
q
tho
rtne
nn
to

tjy1tfl"
--stn
ffi
s-inP

12

FrsO
Aq'@
hrce-r ft'
thres
he
ftoll: srq6

in dire*ton ond

Fe qnd

one oFher fhe oFhpr

poinh

c'

hom
rnolnihude storhing
lyzrtor
fhe resull-onl lhoutd

i't
tquttiU'iunr
in
$nte bodl ls
urhich rnQqnr thq

ffi i,

rerulF

cotntfde
fb
Force dtogrom shoutd
10rh Polnh

in

prqo,
in
qr
trion6tr g hrcor Qbc
'horn
to p'V
gTQ
q'b qnd c

of
Notrr l-ho orRrnol onStn)
qro ?0r0ll0l
qnd ( , slnce ob, bc qnd cq

EuaJ
l-o fi'Fzqnd f3

prob\urn:

A sfhere trreighing l?oN

h'q' hnd l'tut'oo T

string ot shoun l;

bt
qnd

|ho reotftol

Fr qe

*j

in

@
SfnoOlh,^tq!
|hr

stnng

R Frorn ths t.rro'u'

bodT diogrorn

sPhere

ApPlying lsmi', theorern lo

sysltrn

"db

For.o
to0o

-T

-rmt" = srnClyo-ro

'r
--sl090

loo

tutl\

ictr'\

Iooo

=
stncgo+lr-l
snttto-ti
R

5i1($o+rs)

3rme llull\a\

SlnCgottrl

equolions'
(oflsidQr horrzon toj CID: or

so\r[-ed uccordr'rr3

r-otcil ond Verhcal diteth'oD

qs

\- qr.ts.
Relo\vin9 ltt co'r in

r- dirprh o n
zfu=o
R-rilnls = o
R

quliblfurn

Tsintso

[.emlvrnj torce; ln \- dire tfton

trfu=o

tto''tcaff*oh
&^ losrolsrnrf fT=Etrtill

@
lsg

rl

{ sin Cgot!4

sin C4s+ao]

I 1j=776H

si0

tl604t

T^=

lsox

?toble.rn:

jfu";

T"- -

Simitorly

Sln

s]l|r::T)
C49r3o)

on q smooFb horizontqJ
or
Ac
bor
the
u6
Hoor

\0 KN rert
oUghing
rol\QY

il connecled fo the
qnd teotHonr
Ac
bor
in
Ftj Qel$r'nine the torce
horitonhal Fortt q

fioo ond
Shotrrn in

ls
Ftoov, r5 folle'r

From |be

subltcLed

to

shoon in hq'
ol
q
qn lnt\inscl turco IFN

SKht qnd

srd

- -a-

sm00fb

A bor con dtveloped fenrrle forre

ot corn?Tesrlve lorce'
Le| the
tlr

futco S (fulh oo
e
om1resslv
be'
hrce der,roloyecl

c1\rnd er) '

bhon
Stnre lherp Ora rnora

thrqe

tud '
bt
con
nol
Quohbrr

Force'l

in qJlern' hmd]

Es$rul 4Ug

rt

qll

l-ho forcPr

o{

lornh

lhe t\rfern

non

fln1le

-(onulTanf fotcp

It

Jqm

}he

qll lho forcPr

qthion
'

in

slskrn lre

in 0

qnd fh o lrnos d\
l-hrou6h

satd to bo coFlqner

syrhern'

qbou] o poirrh is fho Me0fur

q
forco
lnornonF o\

til:

qbouf

ilfi:I.5

o loinl- ir

thn mo{niNda
line
|fle
ftoln
db hhe lotnt

S
\

qbouf

rrhth*',^.::

fho froducl-

otHon

totce

ffi

:,t'l,:i::'.T;;ilj
to'nt From rinp

Pointl

llomenF

qboul- folnl

nt

is given

\
Kn./
Y

Nr.= Fxdr

t-

is

'lr-= Fxd" ----@

Nomenl-

6b

Ivls

FiSure

F obouf Poinl 3

-c Ko

l\s =O

dufonce

'

furco

qboul
NornQrl- ob F

nfven

or

H' *'',n,t'11',i1*il'no,)

otHon

bU

doFinod

$rofoHonal

plr?udiurlor
rb fhn torcp qnd the

Pont

Flona

do ttof larr

o\ Forco:

lvlomonL

6f

is

(I

i,

ib

ft

aEb'-/

veJ

\,r

lofit'IItrI ' lieof on lrnP o5 achon

futt(((Ul, 1e
rOtrl
rC:p qrbc
Fort
oF

tl

t-

zer
Q r(o.

rrloflenl fb hhe

thal- Fotnl- rs

\*\h oro

K.X-

comgonenl-

( in .r-dirocHon

of

f[ Fr in r- direcfton
hrc= componenh
ln r-dire+fon
comPont-nl: c5 Fz

S\milotty

t.,:.-.--

frdr =
Frd z =
Frorn eqn

Ao'

fie

Po'

Fze-

@ qnd @,

hdrt W2Hd

fto 'fut

rt $dL-=

Ao'F'?r-

=
Fz;cl
C he+
Ao
=
fto ' Ke'

kle
@,
ond
O
From
Frd

r''re geF

?zdz

"'--'o-

gelR.

vorignonr theorero PtoYd

$on hDo Forccr,
noro
0l
6b hrcer conslrb

TF sYrkrn

etRnded'

LQl,

11,Vt,&

qnd ft{

conculrant

thetr

/0' be fhe
Ctqh"e

'0''

m,rneJtt

h, fz' &

dq

ono

cenhs 0.
0Trn

l-hrP

be the Four
qnd

be

resuttonf'

clr, da, ds qnd

v\

$orcQr

l-hen

Ierultqnt

be momtal orrry

f"

qboul rnomenl

o,bouh momnt

Consldsr lho momenl- 6b |ho l-trro

Fof

cer

.nslituHni

o coulle

qbouf Poinl 1, qs shor.on in Ptq'@.

v

ry

.F

v
fr'q

Hq.CI

frq.O

r-ej momenf be- Nh, Fhen

Nr= Fdr+Fdr

Nr=

Fd

momenl fb Force

Norrl considor lhe

Forces
ouliide thq ftoo

il

momenl' be-

L$

sirn

Jhul

l[

qbou| loint 2'uhtch

Shorln

qJ

!hen

= Ft{g-dq)

?::':;l;:Tt

fho'h rnoment
Con bq obreYvQd

qn\ Potnl is

q o coufle qbouJ-

som'

@$ry$cw=
ll
keo
o
is
n
couffe

?orotlel

(n trq'@

Fd

ort6,,il"1';'J:Nls=

Nlr'

I\e: ;;;.-Fdq
q2=

= P tdl+d'J

veclor'

nroq

be Ptoced onYuhere

to rfsstF'

The sente

$ roloHon d[ tou{le

ls found by

inrpach'on,

Que EXplor n R.esoluhsrl oF q f6rce inFo Fcrca qnd cpqle

Tl- ruill be urspl h faso\Ye Fhe f{rca ochng al o. poinl-

hqo
0n

l-he

bodi

Fiq

ol-her sujl-cble poinlsomq

ah
o tr,u acl-fng
ucil4g
qnd cr coqlQ Tn Fiq'O F i-r forct

'

on q bodl Gl A'

qnd
oP?ofiie forco-r c6 rflognlhudo Fof 4
equal
0y opp\ling
Heflce. sysfern 6b
drsl-urbed'
6b Force-r lr not

fhe

sysfem

Forca.r

in RqO ls

- N\our |he
Forrn

so$a 0s fhs

orlgino\ tortqFoh
(ou{\e momanF

Hqnco fha- syrltm

given

in

Frq@

A and tho o?Posife ForceFalB

q rnqnilude F*d

q' @

ll Eufrl fo the s\shrr $

forcs

-Ihus

F ol-A ts equal

the $ivn
M
momuf
c\
qnd
fhq Forcs F cf B

Forces i0

fo

sysFern

erq

O'

torce sqsle rn 1curren\con

NonResulfqnh oh
o slskmq
constitute
@
in
fig
Lel- fi,Fr- and F3 sttoun
cqn be reptoted
Forco
Eqch
bodY'
o
Forcor othng on
sorne dtrochon oh
in
ochng
soT$a fnuqnihuds
lorco
-Ihw Slvsn slsltm io Frq'O
qbou|
0
'
qnd momenl
Foin\- 0 ,
is equd to sgJlem shouln Fiq @, uhers Ztnlo ir lhe

in

L q!_Y l_al-erqb g
fnonlHmol ih
I'ho pornt

fl

convenren] fo locole

Inlertechon

qchron db on Fhe

l'he ltne

ondy oru

fhrough reFerente goinl-o'

r-el

'\

,,1,

--c

d = dishonte q! rQsutFon[ Forn

ulth t{?(lr
K
intlrnqlfon
$
=rskr.
Ftq.@
--r r,^a
".-,^--^^r6b
,ino
lnnrcelb
lhnil-;
o(

! ;

7----=->
ttq'@

_0

,\
lhe
] l"'
' v
;1.)x-

r"rf'
f|
fuu|tonlqrQ

UIJ
9lV

\.

qnd\=#^ I#h
h@
ftq@)
[reF(r
q ruuttontsq!t,.n, EJhod
comTonmh
be
Zh
qnd \ =
(*=ztuLeF
r--*rn,r

R In r

ond

1 dlrocHotu

qbouF 0 or |hp sum 6b ih

K
momsnf
bnsidortng the
qbo'{^f 6' hccordrnq }o }he
A
0}
cornpnenb
momenb 0\ {b
t're ql}h'aorero
Voflgnon'r
Zl"lo

l-e

Rd =
l*x o + R1'a z

z= P\o
ry
Stmilorll

qp?\ltng

Zt9o

zllo

'--

L\

tnho ib
Pro\vin3 $rq rpiuilonf
vorr$non

thoorern

y=t==E
Ztlo

6f1o-

cpmPonenh

ol-B'

l-ho

EPe{

simgte su4forf
reuthlon

9lflqE

:+ rs one end

lhe su4porl is

Flxed supyorl-,

lhe

6b

Knoton

Fhe beorn resb on

qs

srmple suPtstl'.

d\ thq stmPlo suPprt

qlutt1yr peqendiurlon to sqr]0te'

-The beom is frqe
sltdo qnd rol-oE

is

fiq.

srqlo *t?tF

ch tho simPle sulYort'

6b be0m lr
su?Porl-' one end
r0ller
fn
@ Kolltr su{por}:-

rotter the on\1

o
0n
ol
t'thorrl
ffili
suliorl,ed
:::::'L:rfi$il
"*i'tu'Ftt' on urhich
Fhe lolter rollr
'',ulT:Il--------1

hq'qnd fiq'O

ilf:
?o$ib\e

situqhrons

@ Hingt{

shotls

in rol\f sultof

tffitJJ'ir11ort

fuCwe

, tte

qjs'
no"''
o\ong 0r n**1,

o-vt)

hqO

rn.va sr}ho'r
nok
door
b_eorn
mo1 rotol'
TIre btorn
sulport reorHon

l::Y Kn ond
]s
ql h{nqed ,utftr 1he hFal
verHcar .:tilT^l':#r-,1il,"il'
ond
re':iihs
horizonlor
ib

;l,J'fI[ il',J#i;'n
momen|
He
Vh

uil\

er-irl-'

Rcose

Rsin9

r']nn'0,suvor 'no
Ll-

GJ Beqm ulrfl'1 one end hrnged

TF ona snd 6f hs beorn
0n

roll0u,

l-he

beom cqn

'@

qnd the olher on rolleni

is hinSecJ qnd olher end il
resisl- load in ony dfrecHon.

Hot

belond

@ overhon5{ng beorn',-

l*
1'^:^::^:,ii"r',t-::!
boom The
qn
over-honging
tolled
:
It
i:
SUfPOfI,
fha.
of) bol-h stdot'
.:)a at m.,.r bo o0

"'
il;^ff-^,

"

sido 0r tqo^l bo
one
on
be only
t",

hq. Srngle sYPrhan!

LJ
OVf

oouble
fn.'ovrrhon3

@ Pon erdr

hfngecl

As nqme suggest' bolh tndr

the beqm ore hlngd.

Jhere qra hoo

ol

.A

Hs

Jh.r(

-----2

'+-- srqn

reocHon componorb

ore four'
eoch end' Hence hohal reach'on cornpneob

l
ppol
u
{o
aruo{4P
u')-r
.j,roJ&ns +d"l wot-l
'uH:b{'ra^\t
hour
aq
palnlla'r
Pnol
Rq
T
b/or'
Nlo3=
W4wua
g(nols lo ujooq nH ut roldujoxa rQ
agl 'a.rnDry aA0qD

ul

Cqhnr

f,u.rpno1

pnol
lmw
aq
rb Pown$D

,".-1jnqt4jlo

rt'\tr{ 'uoFrpDar a'q1

[1uro1ru1

lN

u!

JoAo pralds
rD

fl

;oorsal#ra

fl

pD0l

PUD

'Drn5.r;

Plsol

ut Uooqs

?q+

ujo-a q

rrql 'Oanl

\.) +fluuf

no

u!"olrar

pdnqu.ulP Klwloltun

ia^o

OcnlTDoi P

bH

PPot

pailb) .n qlBwt ?lqDraPlju0l

rDq q?lqo
{oP

Butpub

bg

@bH

u/

tr utPPtt'tt)

Puqru pDol to10+

o\'{+
ID
?{uil
\rnuD h
loj

?ql

P?Pbol^or'l-l

furrr,r+{trl

aUihS

rtP fr-urloJtun @

lq P*1m'aldal rl t!
.poo1 1u,oJ tr rt) PUDu'rrrordclo
cno;iD uD

pa,ro,lurol qlBUat llol'us

o{
,uloaq
dH
upJs
b
rt -ll
ffioquaruol
AraA D /alo Brq-,o n pool aq-l tr

1ffi

+ffitr@

@ gte'no! NrytlPrrglrnd: n beom ma1 bt @l

subJeceal lo

Hg
q,I

erlernol

rnomenl-

af

cerfqin f olntt'

rnornenl
to clockuriro
5ubiecled
ths beom
su'orarl'
lQlt
l-he'
Frorn
dillonce 6b 2m

ii

frq. uternol momenl-

db

:rt

st#Fl