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Ith M Et Ic Re Ss Ion S

This document discusses number patterns and arithmetic progressions (APs). It defines an AP as a list of numbers where each term is obtained by adding a fixed number, called the common difference, to the previous term. The common difference can be positive, negative, or zero. An example formula is provided to calculate the nth term based on the first term, common difference, and position in the sequence. APs can be finite, with a limited number of terms, or infinite, continuing indefinitely without a last term. Examples of finite and infinite APs are given.

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19 views

Ith M Et Ic Re Ss Ion S

This document discusses number patterns and arithmetic progressions (APs). It defines an AP as a list of numbers where each term is obtained by adding a fixed number, called the common difference, to the previous term. The common difference can be positive, negative, or zero. An example formula is provided to calculate the nth term based on the first term, common difference, and position in the sequence. APs can be finite, with a limited number of terms, or infinite, continuing indefinitely without a last term. Examples of finite and infinite APs are given.

Uploaded by

rubens
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction
What do you observe in the following pictures?

A certain pattern has been followed while


creating these things.

ome Number Patterns


Namitas school offered her a scholarship of Rs.
1000 when she was in class 6 and increased
the amount by Rs. 500 each year till class 10.
The amounts of money (in Rs) Namita received
in class 7th,8th,9th and 10th were respectively:
1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000
Each of the numbers in the list is called a term.
Here we find that the succeeding terms are
obtained by adding a fixed number.

ome Number Patterns


In a savings scheme, the amount becomes
double after every 10 years. The maturity
amount (in Rs) of an investment of Rs 8000
after 10, 20, 30 and 40 years will be,
respectively:
16000, 32000, 64000, 128000
Here we find that the succeeding terms are
obtained by multiplying with a fixed number.

ome Number Patterns


The number of unit squares in a square with
sides 1, 2, 3, 4, ... units are respectively 1, 4,
9, 16, ....

Here we can observe that


1 = 12, 4 = 22, 9 = 32, 16 = 42, ...
Here the succeeding terms are squares of
consecutive

rithmetic Progressions
Consider the following lists of numbers :
1, 3, 5, 7, 9,
....

each term is obtained by adding


2 to the previous term

10, 8, 6, 4,
2, ....

each term is obtained by adding 2 to the previous term

3, 2, 1,
0, ....

each term is obtained by adding


1 to the previous term

5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
....

each term is obtained by adding


0 to the previous term

Each list follows a pattern or rule.

rithmetic Progressions
An arithmetic progression (AP) is a list
of numbers in which each term is
obtained by adding a fixed number to
the previous term except the first term.

This fixed number is called the common


difference of the AP. It can be positive,
negative or zero.

Formula for Common


Difference
Let us denote the first term of an AP by a1,
second term by a2, . . ., nth term by an and the
common difference by d. Then the AP becomes
a1, a2, a3, . . ., an

So a2 - a1 =a3 - a2 =. . =an - an - =d
,
.
1

an an
d

General Form of an AP
We can see that
a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, . . .
represents an arithmetic progression where a is
the
first term and d the common
difference. This is called the general form of
an AP.

Finite and Infinite APs


Finite AP

Infinite AP

Number of
students in class
5th to 10th are 25,
23, 21, 19, 17,
15.
There are only a
finite number of
terms.
They have a last

2, 7, 12, 17,
22, ....
There are infinite
number of terms.
They do not have
a last term.

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