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Chapter 18

Gonadotropin hormone that is secreted from the pituitary gland and acts on the gonads. Glucagon hormone from the pancreas that causes sugar to be released into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels are low. Steroid an organic (containing carbon) compound with a ring structure; bile acids, vitamin D, certain hormones.

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444 views

Chapter 18

Gonadotropin hormone that is secreted from the pituitary gland and acts on the gonads. Glucagon hormone from the pancreas that causes sugar to be released into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels are low. Steroid an organic (containing carbon) compound with a ring structure; bile acids, vitamin D, certain hormones.

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api-263755297
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 18

ANSWERS TO TERMINOLOGY SECTION

519

Chapter Eighteen

Answers to Terminology Section


Terminology

Meaning

adenectomy

Removal of a gland.

(textbook pages 762765)

adrenalectomy

Removal of an adrenal gland.

gonadotropin

Hormone that is secreted from the pituitary gland and acts on the gonads (ovaries and
testes).

hypogonadism

Condition of decreased function of the gonads, with decreased growth and sexual
development.

pancreatectomy

Removal of the pancreas.

parathyroidectomy

Removal of the parathyroid glands.

hypopituitarism

Condition resulting from decreased secretion by the pituitary gland.

thyrotropic hormone

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that acts on the thyroid gland (TSH
or thyroid-stimulating hormone).

thyroiditis

Inflammation of the thyroid gland.

androgen

Hormone producing or stimulating male characteristics (e.g., testosterone).

hypercalcemia

Increased calcium in the blood.

hypercalciuria

High levels of calcium in urine.

hypocalcemia

Decreased calcium in the blood.

corticosteroid

Any of the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex.

endocrinologist

Specialist in diagnosis and treatment of endocrine gland disorders.

polydipsia

Condition of excessive thirst.

estrogenic

Pertaining to having properties similar to estrogen (producing estrogen-like effects).

glucagon

Hormone from the pancreas that causes sugar to be released into the bloodstream
when blood sugar levels are low.

hyperglycemia

Blood condition of increased sugar.

glycemic

Pertains to sugar in the blood.

glycogen

An animal starch; produced from sugar by the liver.

homeostasis

State of equilibrium (constancy) of the bodys internal environment.

hormonal

Pertaining to hormones.

hypokalemia

Low levels of potassium in the blood.

prolactin

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that promotes the growth of breast tissue
and stimulates milk production.

myxedema

Condition of mucous-like swelling of the face and soft tissues; due to hyposecretion of
the thyroid gland in adults.

hyponatremia

Blood condition of deficiency of sodium.

hypophysectomy

Removal of the pituitary gland.

somatotropin

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and
tissues (growth hormone).

steroid

An organic (containing carbon) compound with a ring structure; bile acids, vitamin D,
certain hormones.

oxytocin

Hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates childbirth.

thyrotoxicosis

Condition of increased secretion from the thyroid gland with symptoms such as
sweating, rapid pulse, tremors, and exophthalmos.

antidiuretic hormone

Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; causes water to be retained in the
body.

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

520

Chapter 18

ANSWERS TO TERMINOLOGY SECTION

Suffixes
glucagon

Hormone from the pancreas that assembles sugar from starch and increases blood
sugar when it is low.

hypoglycemia

Low levels of sugar in blood.

epinephrine

Hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla; raises blood pressure.

adrenocorticotropin

Hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the adrenal
cortex to release its hormones.

glycosuria

Condition of sugar in the urine.

Prefixes
euthyroid

Normal thyroid function.

hyperkalemia

High levels of potassium in blood.

hypoinsulinism

Low levels of insulin.

oxytocin

Hormone from the neurohypophysis that stimulates childbirth.

panhypopituitarism

Condition of deficient secretion of all hormones from the pituitary gland.

polyuria

Excessive urine production.

tetraiodothyronine (T4)

Thyroid gland hormone containing 4 atoms of iodine; thyroxine.

triiodothyronine (T3)

Thyroid gland hormone containing 3 atoms of iodine.

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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