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Integration by Substitution or by Parts CP

The document discusses integration techniques, specifically integration by substitution and by parts. It provides examples of how to correctly apply these techniques, including remembering to substitute dx when integrating by substitution and changing the limits of integration when making a substitution. It also discusses properly setting up integrals when using integration by parts and the correct use of signs.

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28 views

Integration by Substitution or by Parts CP

The document discusses integration techniques, specifically integration by substitution and by parts. It provides examples of how to correctly apply these techniques, including remembering to substitute dx when integrating by substitution and changing the limits of integration when making a substitution. It also discusses properly setting up integrals when using integration by parts and the correct use of signs.

Uploaded by

wolfretonmaths
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AQA Core 3 Integration

Section 2: Integration by substitution or by parts


Crucial points
1. Remember to substitute for dx in the integral when integrating by
substitution
Example
Find x(2 x 1)4 dx

Wrong

Right

Let u 2 x 1 x 12 (u 1)
u 1 4
4
x(2 x 1) 2 u
1
u5 u 4
2
1
1
u6 u5 c
12
10
Let u 2 x 1 x 12 (u 1)
du
also
2 dx 12 du
dx
u 1 4
4
x(2 x 1) dx 2 u 12 du
1
(u 5 u 4 )du
4
1
1
u6 u5 c
24
20

2. Remember to change the limits of a definite integral when making


a substitution
When you change the variable in an integration (from x to u say) by
making a substitution, you must change the limits of the integration
from values of x to the equivalent values of u.
3. When using the integration by parts formula, remember to
integrate to find v rather than differentiating.
Example

Find

Wrong

Right

xe dx
dv
xe dx u x , dx e
2x

2x

xe

2x

dx u x ,

2x

v 2e2 x (etc)

dv
e2 x v e2 x dx 12 e2 x (etc)
dx

1 of 2

15/03/13 MEI

AQA C3 Integration 2 Crucial points


4. Be careful with signs when using the integration by parts formula
Example

Find

x sin x dx
dv
sin x v cos x
dx
x sin x dx x cos x cos x dx

ux

Wrong

x cos x sin x c

dv
sin x v cos x
dx
x sin x dx x cos x ( cos x)dx

ux

Right

x cos x cos x dx
x cos x sin x c
5. Be careful to use the correct integration technique when dealing
with products
Some products require integration by substitution, other need
integration by parts. For example:
dv
2x
2x
2x
xe dx :use parts with u x and dx e v 12 e ,
2x
2x
2x
xe dx x 12 e 12 e 1 dx

12 xe2 x 14 e2 x c

xe
xe

x2

dx :usesubstitution with u e x du 2 xe x dx ,

x2

dx 12 du

12 u c
12 e x c
2

2 of 2

15/03/13 MEI

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