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PSTN Call Setup Signaling

The document discusses the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and general call setup. The PSTN consists of terminal equipment, access networks, switching networks, and transmission networks. A general call setup involves the following steps: (1) the calling party goes off hook; (2) dial tone is provided; (3) the calling party dials digits; (4) resources are reserved for the call between exchanges. When the called party answers, (5) their phone rings and (6) ring back is provided to the calling party, then (7) charging is initiated and (8) a conversation takes place until (9) one party ends the call, releasing all reserved resources.

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Bilal Hassan
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151 views

PSTN Call Setup Signaling

The document discusses the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and general call setup. The PSTN consists of terminal equipment, access networks, switching networks, and transmission networks. A general call setup involves the following steps: (1) the calling party goes off hook; (2) dial tone is provided; (3) the calling party dials digits; (4) resources are reserved for the call between exchanges. When the called party answers, (5) their phone rings and (6) ring back is provided to the calling party, then (7) charging is initiated and (8) a conversation takes place until (9) one party ends the call, releasing all reserved resources.

Uploaded by

Bilal Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PSTN, General Call Setup

and
Signalling

Public Switched Telephone Network


(PSTN)
PSTN is the combination of:
Terminal Equipments
Access Network
Switching Network
Transmission Network

Terminal Equipments

Access Network
(Connectivity of Subscriber with Exchange)

TYPES OF EXCHANGES
Local exchange
Remote subscriber switch
Tandem exchange.
Transit exchange.
International gateway exchange.

Basic Structure of Telecom Local Network


To toll end office

Branch office

To toll
office

end

End office

Tandem

PABX

End office
PABX

Single Tandem Office Network

Branch
office

PABX

Multiple-Tandem Office Network.

Telecom Network Topologies

Overall Meshed
Network

Compound
Network

Star
Network

Chain
Network

Loop
Network

Tree
Network

Bus
Network

EXCHANGES IN PTCL
1000E-10B
AXE-10
C&C 08
EWSD
ZXJ-10

(Alcatel)
(Ericsson)
(Huawei)
(Siemens)
(ZTE)

SIGNALLING
Signalling is the means by which different
parts of the network communicate with each
other, or
more formally:
The interchange of information between the
different functional parts of a telecomm
network.

TYPES OF SIGNALLING
1.Between customer and exchange
2. Within an exchange
3.Inter-exchange

Call example in PSTN


Following steps are involved in the establishment and
subsequent release of a call on PSTN:
1. DETECTION OF HOOK OFF
2. PROVISION OF DIAL TONE
3. DIALING OF DIGITS
4. RESERVATION OF RESOURCES FOR CALL
5. RINGING OF CALLED PARTY AND RING BACK TO CALLING PARTY
6. DETECTION OF ANSWER FROM CALLED PARTY
7. NECESSARY CHARGING INITIATION
8. SPEECH
9. INITIATION OF CALL TERMINATION FROM EITHER END
10.CALL END, RELEASE OF ALL RESERVED RESOURCES
11. NECESSARY ACTION REGARDING BILLING

GENERAL CALL SETUP


A
1 Off Hook

Local
Exchange

Local
Exchange
4 Siezure

2 Dial Tone

B
5a Ringing
6 Off Hook

3 Digits Dial
5b Ring Back
7 Charging Started

8 Conversation / Speech

9 Call End
10 Release Resources
11 Charging Stopped

10 Release Resources

10 Release Resources

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