Scribd
Upload
249 views

Hardware Basics

Computers perform four basic functions: input, processing, output, and storage. The hardware components of a computer system are designed to carry out these functions. The basic components include input devices like keyboards; output devices like monitors and printers; storage devices like hard drives; and the central processing unit (CPU) which processes information. The CPU, memory, input, output, and storage devices make up the core hardware components that allow computers to function.

Uploaded by

api-318674564
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
249 views

Hardware Basics

Computers perform four basic functions: input, processing, output, and storage. The hardware components of a computer system are designed to carry out these functions. The basic components include input devices like keyboards; output devices like monitors and printers; storage devices like hard drives; and the central processing unit (CPU) which processes information. The CPU, memory, input, output, and storage devices make up the core hardware components that allow computers to function.

Uploaded by

api-318674564
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

HARDWARE

Basics
By Valeria Villarreal Garza

What Computers
Do

Computers perform only four functions

1. Receive input: Computers accept information from outside


2. Process information: arithmetic or logical operations.
3. Produce output: Communicate information to the outside.

4. Store information: Store and retrieve information, memory and storage


devices.

Computer system contains hardware components-physical partsspecialize in four functions


1. Input device: input from outside. Most common input are
2. keyboards and pointing device.

3. Output devices: send information computers uses a video


4. monitor as its main output device, printer to produce paper
printouts, speakers to output sounds.

1. microprocessor: also called processor or central processing unit (CPU).


Computers brain, the cpu processes information, performs arithmetic
calculations, and makes basic decisions by comparing information.

2. Memory/storage devices: store information, different purposes. The


computers memory

Secundary

Primary

The computer's memory called random access memory is use to store programs
and data.
The four types of components make up the hardware part of computer system,
every computer hardware component is designed to transport or to transform
information.

The basic computers of every computer system include the central components

Storage Device

Input Device

Output Device

Memory

A Bit About Bits


-The term information is difficult to define because it has many meaning. This
distinctions can be helpful for dealing with data from television, magazines,
computers,and other sources.
-At opposite extreme, one communication theory defines information as anything
that can be communicated, whether it has value or not, information comes in many
forms like words, numbers, and pictures. Even the sounds and pictures that
emanate from a television commercial are packed with information.
-People attempt to apply strictly the first definition to computers, claiming that
computers turn raw data, which has no value in its current form, into information,
which is valuable. But in our modern interconnected world, one computers output
is often anothers input.

A Bit About Bits

Bit Basics
-Whatever you can call it, in the world of computers information is digital, means
its made up of discrete, countable units digits can be subdivided. In many
situations people subdivide chunks of information into simpler units to use them
effectively example, a child typing to pronounce an unfamiliar word.
-A computer doesnt understand words, numbers, pictures, musical notes, or even
letters of the alphabet. Computers can digest information without dividing it into
smaller units, computers can digest information. A bit is the smallest unit of
information a computers can process
-A binary is a pair of lanterns convey a choice between two messages.
-byte: Can represent 256 different messages

Bit Basics

Building With Bits


-Bits as Numbers
binary number system, a system that denotes all numbers with combinations of
two digits.
-Bits as Code
Most widely used code ASCII, represents each character as a unique 8-bit code.
Unicode a coding scheme that supports more than 100,000 unique charactersmore than enough for all major world languages.

Bits, Bytes, And Buzzwords


Kilobyte: About 1,000 bytes of information. For example, about 5KB of storage is
necessary to hold 5,000 characters of ASCII text.
Megabyte: Approximately 1,000 KB, or 1 million bytes.
Gigabyte: Approximately 1,000 KB, or 1 billion bytes.
Terabyte: Approximately 1 million MB or 1 trillion bytes. This massive unit of
measurement applies to the largest storage device commonly available today.
Petabyte: This astronomical value is the equivalent of 1,024 terabytes, or 1
quadrillion bytes. While its unlikely that anyone will be able to store 1 PB of
data on a home PC anytime soon, were definitely heading in that direction
file: is a organized collection of information, such as term paper or a set of

You might also like