aoe SECTION A Answer ALL questions. ‘Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet, MODULE 1 THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 1, (@)_ Methane reacts with bromine in the presence of UV radiation to produce a number of substitution products, one of which is bromomethane. (i) State the role of the UV radiation in the reaction. ee a Sa i ae ASR ee [1 mark] (ii) Write equations to show the steps.occurring in the propagation stage for the formation of dibromomethane from bromomethane, ee ee ee ee ee [2 marks} (©) @__ Given the general formula for an aliph for the basic dissociation constant, K,, amine to be RNH,, write the expression Se Eee [2 marks] Gi) The pi, values for ethylamine and phenylamine are 3.27 and 9.38 respectively. State which of these compounds is the stronger base. ee ee {1 mark] i GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02212020/CAPE 2014ii) © @ @ Re ee aes cers a, Se State TWO reasons for the difference between the two pK, values in (b) (fi). ee EEE JJ Mi ieee! ee eee pan Mee ee fs nec eee ee [2 marks] ‘Suggest a value for K, for ethanamide, CH,CONEH,. Mii [1 mark] State a reason for your answer in (¢) (i) above. ce eS 2S eee ————— ee [i mark] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE@ A student performed a number of tests to identify various functional groups. Table 1 shows an incomplete laboratory record of the investigation. Complete the record by inserting the appropriate observations. TABLE 1: LABORATORY RECORD | Test Functional Group Observation @_| Add SOCI, very cautiously. (2 marks} R Gi | Add AgNO,(aq) and boil gently.}| | R— j —1 R (1 mark} Gi) | Add Bry(aq). ©O- oH [1 mark] (iv) | Add Br,(aq). [1 mark} 99912090/CAPR.2014 Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEaoa MODULE 2 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES 2. Figure 1 represents a sketch of the electromagnetic spectrum with regions labelled A, B and C. Radiation is characterised by its wavelength (A) and frequency (v). KA "eat Po Ke Figure 1. Electromagnetic spectrum (2) @_ Use an arrow to indicate, below the sketch, the direction of increasing frequency. [1 mark] (ii) Identify the region (A, B or C) where EACH of the following forms of radiation may be found. Infrared X-rays [2 marks) (b) Calculate the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation with frequency of 4.5 10'* Hz. (Velocity of light = 3.0 10* ms") (2 marks] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,(©) State ONE example of the use of gravimetric analysis in quality control, [mark] (@ __ Below is an excerpt from the laboratory report of the method used by a student to prepare a substance, S, for gravimetric analysis. @ @ Gi) i a Step 1: Two solutions were mixed to produce a precipitate of S. Step 2: S was obtained by quickly filtering the suspension from Step 1. S was ‘then washed with THREE consecutive 20-cm? volumes of distilled water. Step 3: S was strongly heated for 15 minutes and then allowed to cool to room temperature, Step 4: Step 3 was repeated until constant mass was achieved. State the purpose for performing: Step 1: Step 4: ee State TWO pieces of apparatus that should be used in Step 2. _—— ee eee [2 marks] State the apparatus that should be used in Step 3. [1 mark] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE‘Washing soda is hydrated sodium sulfate, Na,SO,. H,O. A.sample of washing soda was heated in a crucible to constant mass. ‘The following observations were made: Mass of crucible = 34.25 g Mass of crucible and washing soda = 40.69 g Mass of crucible and washing soda after heating = 37.09 g Calculate the value of x in the formula Na,SO,.x 10. (RAM: Na =23; 8 16;H=1) [4 marks] Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 022.1 920/APR 2014ee MODULE3 INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT 3, Ammonia is manufactured from its elements by the Haber process. @ > —— @)_ Write the equation for the process. [2 marks] Indicate the conditions of temperature and pressure. [mark] (iii) State the process by which nitrogen is produced for the production of ammonia, [i mark] (iv) State TWO factors which should influence the location of an ammonia industrial plant. [2 marks] (®) With reference to Le Chatelier’s Principle, explain the effect on the yield of ammonia by (@ raising the temperature [2 marks} (i) raising the pressure. [2 marks} GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02212020/CAPE 2014“Oa (©) Figure 2 isa flow diagram showing the manufacture of ammonia which involves a number of experimental processes including A, B, C and D. >} Nitrogen N:+H,+CO[ shir |N:+#,+CO, reactor Bl —>—;_ Hydrogen N,+/H, A - N.+H Heat Exchanger Recycling New N,+H NH, +N,+H, a D J NH Figure 2. Flow diagram showing the manufacture of ammonia (Identify the process occurring at A B D [3 marks} (ii) State the condition necessary at C. [mark] (iii) What is the physical state of ammonia after the process at D? [1 mark] GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 9991902 0/CAPR 2014-10- SECTION B Answer ALL questions. ‘Write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of EACH question. @ @ @ « feos are ond MODULE 1 ‘THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS: 4. (@)_Explain the terms ‘primary’, ‘secondary’ and ‘tertiary’ as applied to halogenoalkanes. [2 marks} (&) Compound A is one of two straight chain bromoalkanes which can exist in two isomeric forms having a molar mass of 137. @ Write the name of Compound A. [1 mark] (ii) Explain the nature of the isomerism exhibited by Compound A. [2 marks] Gii) Draw the structural formulae of the isomers showing the relationship between them, [2 marks} (©) Another bromoalkane, B, with the same molar mass when refluxed with aqueous sodium hydroxide produces an organic compound, C, and an aqueous solution, D. Tt-was found that the rate of the reaction is determined only by the concentration of B. State the name of the compound, B. [1 mark] Outline the mechanism for this reaction using curved arrows to indicate the movement of electrons. [5 marks] Describe the reaction between a solution of D and aqueous silver nitrate. [1 mark] ‘Write the equation for this reaction. (1 mark] Total 18 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEeae MODULE 2 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES “5. (@)_ Describe how EACH of the following components of a mass spectrometer is used in the analysis of an organic compound. (@® Electron beam [2 marks} : (ii) Magnetic field [2 marks] A Gil) Recorder [2 marks] (6) Explain the importance of the (M + 1) peak in mass spectra. [2 marks} (©) Figure 3 shows the mass spectrum of a sweet-smelling organic compound, X. 100 ‘o > 80 ¥ g zo $ 3 40 i Z 2» ee 1s 88 00. 09 20 40 Cc 80 100 me Figure 3. Mass spectrum of Compound X Deduce the following: (@ — Miz:atio of the molecular ion [mark] = Gi) Mizratio of the base peak [mark] Gii) Formulae of the ion fragments of M/z ratios 15, 29 and 43 [3 marks} (iv) Structural formula of Compound X (1 mark] (@ Write the structural formula of an isomer possessing similar physical properties as X. (1 mark] Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 02212020/CAPR.2014=(36 MODULE 3 INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT ~ 6 (a) __ Destruction is one of the processes involved in the maintenance of the levels of ozone in the stratosphere, @ @ Gi) © @ «@ Explain, with the aid of relevant equations, the destruction of stratospheric ozone. [5 marks] Identify a man-made activity which contributes to stratospheric ozone destruction. [1 mark] State TWO effects of stratospheric ozone destruction on human life, [2 marks] Desoribe, with the aid of an equation, the reaction which occurs during the fermentation process in the production of ethanol. 3 marks} State the process used to obtain ethanol of concentration above 95% from a fermentation batch. [1 mark] (©) “The production of ethanol is a major contributor to the economies of Caribbean countries.” ‘Comment on the statement above stating TWO reasons in support. [3 marks] ‘Total 15 marks ‘Write the answer to Question 6 here. @ @ GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE