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3-6 Study Guide and Intervention: Multiplying Matrices

The document is a study guide about multiplying matrices. It defines that matrices can only be multiplied if the number of columns of the first matrix equals the number of rows of the second matrix. It provides an example of multiplying two matrices by multiplying the columns of the first by the rows of the second. The document also lists properties of matrix multiplication, such as the associative, commutative, left and right distributive properties. It provides examples applying these properties. Finally, it presents exercises for the student to determine if equations follow the properties for given matrices.

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dpool2002
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
479 views

3-6 Study Guide and Intervention: Multiplying Matrices

The document is a study guide about multiplying matrices. It defines that matrices can only be multiplied if the number of columns of the first matrix equals the number of rows of the second matrix. It provides an example of multiplying two matrices by multiplying the columns of the first by the rows of the second. The document also lists properties of matrix multiplication, such as the associative, commutative, left and right distributive properties. It provides examples applying these properties. Finally, it presents exercises for the student to determine if equations follow the properties for given matrices.

Uploaded by

dpool2002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________________________ PERIOD ______________

3-6 Study Guide and Intervention


Multiplying Matrices
Multiply Matrices You can multiply two matrices if and only if the number of columns in the first matrix is equal to the
number of rows in the second matrix.
A

a b
c d

Example: Find AB if A =

[ ]

[ ]

AB =

4 3
2 2
1
7

5 2
1 3

AB

[ ] [ ] [

Multiplication of Matrices

4 3
2 2
1
7

e f
g h

and B =

5 2
1 3

ae+bg af + bh
ce +dg cf +dh

]
Substitution

4 ( 5 ) +3 (1 )
4 (2 ) +3 ( 3 )
2(5)+(2)(1) 2(2)+(2)(3)
1 ( 5 )+7 (1 )
1 (2 )+7 ( 3 )

23 17
12 10
2
19

Multiply columns by rows.

Simplify.

Exercises
Find each product, if possible.

] [ ]
3 0
0 3

2.

5.

[ ]

1 0
3 7

] [

3.

3 1
2 4

[ ]

6.

5 2
2 3

3 2
1 4

4.

4 1
2 3
3 1
2 4

1.

3 1
5 2

4 1
2 5

Chapter 3

] [

4 0 2
3 1 1

3 2
0
4
5 1

1 2
2 1

]
37

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________________________ PERIOD ______________

[ ]
[ ]
6 10
4 3
2 7
2 2
3
1
2 4

7.

Chapter 3

[0 4 3]

8.

7 2
5 4

] [

1 3
2 0

38

9.

2 0 3
1 4 2
1 3 1

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________________________ PERIOD ______________

3-6 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)


Multiplying Matrices
Multiplicative Properties The Commutative Property of Multiplication does not hold for matrices.
Properties of Matrix Multiplication

For any matrices A, B, and C for which the matrix product is


defined, and any scalar c, the following properties are true.

Associative Property of Matrix Multiplication

(AB)C = A(BC)

Associative Property of Scalar Multiplication

c(AB) = (cA)B = A(cB)

Left Distributive Property

C(A + B) = CA + CB

Right Distributive Property

(A + B)C = AC + BC

Example: Use A =

4 3
2 1

,B=

2 0
5 3

, and C =

1 2
6 3

to find each product.

a. (A + B)C
(A + B) C =
=

([ ] [ ]) [
[ ] [ ]
4 3 + 2 0
2 1
5 3

6 3
7 2

1 2
6 3

1 2
6 3

6(1)+(3)(6) 6(2)+(3)(3)
7(1)+(2)(6) 7(2)+(2)(3)

12 21
5 20

b. AC + BC
AC + BC =

4 (1)+(3)(6) 4 (2)+(3)(3)
2 ( 1 ) +1 ( 6 )
2 (2 ) +1 ( 3 )

14 17
8
1

4 3
2 1

] [

1 2
6 3

] [
+

] [
+

2 0
5 3

2
4
13 19

] [

] [
+

] [
=

1 2
6 3

2 ( 1 )+ 0 (6 )
2 (2 )+ 0 ( 3 )
5 (1)+(3)(6) 5(2)+(3)(3)

12 21
5 20

Note that although the results in the example illustrate the Right Distributive Property, they do not prove it.

Exercises
Use A =

3 2
5 2

,B=

[ ]
6 4
2 1

,C=

[ ]
1
2
2
1 3

, and scalar c = 4 to determine whether the following

equations are true for the given matrices.


Chapter 3

38

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________________________ PERIOD ______________

1. c(AB) = (cA)B

2. AB = BA

3. BC = CB

4. (AB)C = A(BC)

5. C(A + B) = AC + BC

6. c(A + B) = cA + cB

Chapter 3

38

Glencoe Algebra 2

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