Scribd
Upload
41 views13 pages

Rubella: German Measles (First Diagnosed by German Doctors) Three Day Measles

Rubella, also known as German measles, is caused by the rubella virus. It is an enveloped, icosahedral virus with a single-stranded RNA genome. The virus infects respiratory tissues and spreads to lymph nodes and spleen. Postnatally, it causes a rash, lymphadenopathy, and low-grade fever. Congenitally, it can cause stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, or birth defects like heart problems, deafness, and intellectual disabilities. Control is achieved through the live attenuated MMR vaccine administered at 15 months of age.

Uploaded by

gratianusb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
41 views13 pages

Rubella: German Measles (First Diagnosed by German Doctors) Three Day Measles

Rubella, also known as German measles, is caused by the rubella virus. It is an enveloped, icosahedral virus with a single-stranded RNA genome. The virus infects respiratory tissues and spreads to lymph nodes and spleen. Postnatally, it causes a rash, lymphadenopathy, and low-grade fever. Congenitally, it can cause stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, or birth defects like heart problems, deafness, and intellectual disabilities. Control is achieved through the live attenuated MMR vaccine administered at 15 months of age.

Uploaded by

gratianusb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Rubella

German Measles
(first diagnosed by German
doctors)
Three day Measles

Rubella: Structure

enveloped
icosahedral
ss RNA sense
40-80 nm
30 nm core
hemaglutinin peplomers

+
ssRNA

Rubella: Classification

Family Togaviridae
genus Rubivirus only member
single serotype
three structural polypeptides
Unlike other
Togaviruses rubella
is not arthropod
borne

Rubella: Multiplication
RNA is capped and polyadenylated
serves as mRNA -> nonstructural
proteins
sense RNA -> antisense RNA
Antisense RNA template for progeny
RNA
antisense RNA--> mRNA ->
structural proteins
mature at intracytoplasmic
membranes

Rubella: Clinical
manifestations
Postnatal
rash
lymphadenopathy
low grade fever

Congenital
stillbirth
spontaneous abortion
birth defects

Congential Rubella
Ocular- cataracts, retinitis, glucoma
,microphthalmaia
Heart defects- patent ductus arteriosis
Deafness- cochelar deafness, central
auditory imperception
CNS- mental retardation, encephalitis,
microcephaly
Other- hepatitis, pneumonitis
IgM test

Rubella: Pathogenesis
respiratory secretions -direct
contact, droplet
multiplies in cells of respiratory
system
extends to lymph nodes, spleen

Rubella: Epidemiology

worldwide
vaccines licenced 1969
no new epidemics
incidence ~ 100 /year

Congential rubella
occurs in unvaccinated
susceptible young
women

Rubella: Host defenses

interferon
cell mediate immunity
neutralizing antibodies
hemagglutinin inhibiting antibodies

asymptomatic reinfection
possible

Rubella: Diagnosis
Clinical manifestations- rash,
lymphadenopathy
Isolate virus respiratory tract
Detect Rubella IgM

Diagnosis: Congenital
Rubella
isolate virus - urine, CSF, blood
maternal circulating IgG- lasts 6
months
Detect fetal or neonate IgM

Rubella: Control
live attentuated rubella vaccine
mumps-measles-rubella combination /
MMR

subcutaneous
15 months of age
asymptomatic in children
mild symptoms in adults

Rubella: Control Strategies


10-20% young women not
immunized
Therefore immunize
college students
health care personnel
military personnel
after childbirth, miscarriage or
abortion
USA data

You might also like