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Sangath, Amhadabad.: Vastu - Shilpa Foundation

This document provides details about the Sangath complex project in Ahmedabad, India. It was designed by architect Balkrishna Doshi as a space to encourage activities related to architecture, planning, and crafts. The complex houses workshops, seminar spaces, and offices. Its design incorporated functional, climatic, and technological considerations to control interior heat in Ahmedabad's climate. Dynamic articulation methods were used to generate unexpected experiences, including contrasts of high and low spaces and different structural systems and light sources. The complex aims to match the dynamic concept of "Sangath" by surprising users in a rhythmic sequence.

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0% found this document useful (1 vote)
587 views

Sangath, Amhadabad.: Vastu - Shilpa Foundation

This document provides details about the Sangath complex project in Ahmedabad, India. It was designed by architect Balkrishna Doshi as a space to encourage activities related to architecture, planning, and crafts. The complex houses workshops, seminar spaces, and offices. Its design incorporated functional, climatic, and technological considerations to control interior heat in Ahmedabad's climate. Dynamic articulation methods were used to generate unexpected experiences, including contrasts of high and low spaces and different structural systems and light sources. The complex aims to match the dynamic concept of "Sangath" by surprising users in a rhythmic sequence.

Uploaded by

kashmiri_3175172
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sangath, amhadabad.

Client, Balkrishna Doshi 


Principal Architect , Balkrishna Doshi , M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla 
Project Assistants , J.Joshipura, S. Patankar, H.M. Siddhpura
Project Engineer , B.S. Jethwa, Y. Patel
Structural Engineer, G.A.Tambe
Site Area, 2346 m2
Total Built-up Area, 585  m2
Project Cost ,   Rs.  0.6 Million ( 1981 )

This  complex  was  intended  to  encourage  activities  in  the  areas  of  fine and  technological  arts 
related  to  architecture,  planning  and  crafts.  Spaces  were  needed  for  long  and  short  terms 
workshops  and  seminars,  and  to  accommodate  a  professional  architectural  firm  and  an  office  for  the
Vastu – Shilpa  Foundation.

In  the  initial  stages  of  planning  a  flow  pattern  of  activities  and  their  volumetric  space  requirements 
were  determined.  This  generated  the  spatial  as  well  as  the  structural  dimensions  of  the  complex. 
To  control  interior  heat  conditions  in  the  hot,  dry  climate  of  Ahmedabad  and  various  energy-
efficient  designs  primarily  based   on passive  response  were  evaluated.  The  sum  total  of  these 
rational  needs  was  then  studies  volumetrically,  and  the  building – site  relationship  was  established. 
However,  at  a  sensuous  level  it  was  felt  essential  that  form,  light,  and  space  should  be  integrated. 
And  so  a  design  combining  functional,  climatic  and  technological  considerations  was  evolved  and  a 
model  prepared.  Somehow,  though,  the  resulting  model  did  not  express  the  vitality  of  the  activities 
planned  for  the  complex;  it  seemed  capable  of  allowing  only  the  measurable  functions.

In  order  to  create  a  builtform  to  match  the  dynamic  concept  of  “Sangath”  (in  the  vernacular  it 
stands  for  moving  together  to  a  goal),  it  appeared  that  equally  dynamic  articulating  methods  had  to 
be  discovered,  to  give  another  dimension  to  the  traditional  spaces  and  to  continuously  generate 
experiences  of  the  unexpected  and  the  ambiguous.  One  way  of  doing  this  was  to  incorporate  into 
the  built – form  a  series  of  contrasts  such  as  spaces  pushing  below  ground  and  surging  above 
ground,  or  high  spaces  which  are  flooded  with  light  and  low  spaces  which  are  dimly  lit.

Such  articulated  spaces  with  particular  structural  systems  also  make  the  built – form  specific  in 
some  regards.  For  example,  the  entire  building  has  three  different,  closely,  interlinked  structural 
systems.  One  comprises  load – bearing  walls  combined  with  post  and  beam  structure  to  carry 
heavier  loads.  Each  systems  has  been  optimally  used  to   create  the  variety  of  spaces  described 
earlier.

Likewise,  three  means  of  allowing  light  into  the  interior  were  devised  :  one  through  normal 
windows  punctured  in  the  wall,  another  through  a  skylight,  the  third  through  direct  penetration 
from  the  flat  roof  through  the  glass  brick.
 
 All  these  articulating  methods  still remained  architectural  and  only  marginally  further  from  the 
physical :  they  fell  short  of  touching  the  psyche.  To  create  the  desired  holistic  experience,  the  next 
step  was  to build  surprises  in  a  certain  rhythm,  i.e.,  sequence.  The  long  double  structured 
unexpected  unassigned  spaces  heighten  and  accentuate  the  experience  of  surprise,  the  unexpected.  If 
a  building  stretches,  is  cut  into  many  parts,  it  is  seen  as  fragments,  direct  confrontation  with  it  is 
replaced  by  a  sense  of gradual  transformation  that  diverts  the  mind.

Finally,  to  bring  the  individual   into  focus,  it  was  decided  to  underplay  the  overall  scales  of  the 
builtform.  This  has  been  achieved  through  a  practice  that  is  rather  unusual  in  the  contemporary 
context,  but  has  been  widely  used  in  traditional  temple  architecture,  relating  to  the  treatment  of 
the  plinth.  The  articulation  of  interior  spaces  as  described  earlier  led  to  sinking  certain  areas  and 
elevating  others.  By  articulating  the  plinth  in  several  ways  one  notices  while  approaching  that  the 
building  has  mitigated  the  external  massing  of  building.  The  approach  walkway  gradually  becomes 
steps  for  gathering  and  through  a  series  of  platforms  culminates  at  the  terrace  where  the  upper 
level  entrance  is  situated.  Tying  the  low  base  and  the  high  roof  vaults  evokes  in  an  Indian  mind 
a  sense  of  seeing  the  proportions  of  the  deity's  face  with  the  crown  and  the  tall  shikhara  of  a 
temple  with  its  low  base.  The  sunken  floor  level  at  the  lower  entrance  summons the  experience  of 
entering the  ancient caves.  The  articulated  edges  of  the  vaults  and  other  surfaces  accessible  from  the 
low  terraces  generate  a  firm  relationship  with  the  ground  like  that  found  in  a  Buddhist  stupa.
 
The  ambiguous,  open – ended  character  of  the built – form  starts  to  reveal  itself  right  at  the 
entrance,  which  makes  one  wonder  about  where  to  move  and  how  to  reach  the  sanctum.  In 
achieving  a  destination,  there  are  many  ways  to  go.  You  can  find  your  own  space,  in  your own 
time,  through  your  own  movement.  And  the  space  has  to  be  something  beyond  just  a  structure :  it 
has to  be  like  a  book,  to  reach  different  people  and  give  them  the  kind  of information  they  need  at 
certain  points  of  time  and  space.  Sangath  has  two  entrances,  one  at  level + 1.8 m  and  the  other  at
– 1.m.  Both  finally  reach  the  same  place,  but  through  different  paths.

Many  visitors,  learned  or  otherwise,  architects  and  laymen,  have  felt  unusual  experience  at 
Sangath,  and  since  one  is  touched  at  some  centre  of  his  being,  I  feel  that  I  have  activated  the 
psychic  aspect  of  the  relationship  between  architecture  and  community.

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PROJECT DETAILS 
National Institute of Fashion Technology
NIFT Campus  
Nr. Gulmohar Park 
Hauz Khas   New Delhi 110 016
Client, National Institute of Fashion Technology
Principal Architect , Balkrishna Doshi , M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla
Project Associate , Laxman Patel, S.L.Shah
Structural Consultant , Himanshu Parikh, Ahmedabad
Electrical Consultant, Sheth Consultants, Ahmedabad
Site Area, 11650 m2
Total Built-up Area,  13570   m2
Project Cost ,   Rs.  8.5  million (1994)  
 
Fashion  implies  creativity  with / and  time.  An  ever  changing  phenomenon...  The  milieu  for  the 
fashion  design  and  display  essentially  is  a  theatrical  setting  with  dramatic  effects.  In  architectural 
terms  -  a  spatial  modulation  of  continuos  movement  in  time  and  space  much  as  the  ambiance  of 
an  Indian  bazzar  where  the  drama  of  day  today  life  unfolds.

The  National  Institute  of  Fashion  Technology  at  New  Delhi,  recreates  an  inwardly  bazar,  livened 
up  by  designed  displays  and  movements  of  students  as  well  as  visitors  through  entire  space. 
Consisting  of  academic,  administrative  and  residential  activities,  the  campus  reinterprets  the 
traditional  town  square  through  its  inward  looking  building;  interactive  corridors,  bridges  and 
terraces;  k u n d   like  steps;  and  communicative  facades.

The  front  court,  surrounded  by  the  terraced  academic  block  and  glazed  administrative  wing 
becomes  culturally  appropriate  and  climatically  comfortable  outdoor  space.  Animated  by  a  series  of 
high  and  low  platforms,  soft  and  hard  landscaping,  a  water  channel  and  a  mirror  like  wall  back 
drop,  the  space  multiplies  as  entrance  court,  central  green,  display  platform,  informal  theatre  and  a 
visual  focus.

Open  as  well  as  glass  screened  bridges  separating  kund  like  court  from  amphitheatre  court,  not 
only  remain  as  movement path,  but  also  double  up  as  the  cat  walk  for  the  fashion  shows  which 
can  be  viewed  over  from  the  class  rooms,  corridors,  library  as  well  as  the  administrative   block.

Fragmentation  of  the  built  mass  and  facade  articulation  illustrate  a  tenuous  yet  experientially  rich 
inter – relationship  between  various  parts  of  the  ensemble.  Formlessness  and  fragmentation  of 
buildings  at  NIFT  renders  it  flexible  to  adapt  and  express  different  form  and  elements  of  different 
edges,  in  effective  response  to  their  specific  functions  and  context.  While,  the  common  set  of 
elements  namely  -  court,  steps  and  corridors  integrate  these  parts  into  unified  whole.

Heightening  the  drama  is  a  juxtaposed  co – existence  of  the  random  stone  masonry  wall 
fragments  mimicking  ancient  ruins  alongwith  stone  grit  plastered  walls  of  yester  years,  and  steel 
frame  screen,  clad  with  reflective  glazing,  of  the  present  times.  Serving  as  visual  reminders  of  the 
“time  and  space”  they  evoke  a  sense  of  belonging  with  their  inherent  contradictions  and 
metamorphosed  manifestations.  A  metaphor  in  essence  of  Fashion  !
Client, Indian Institute of Management
Principal Architect , Balkrishna Doshi , M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla in association with M/s Kanvinde Rai &
Chowdhury 
Project Associate , Mr. K. Varkey, Mr. R.S. Kadakia, Mr. H.V. Nagendra, Mr. B.J. Poonater
Project Assistant , Mr. H.C. Parikh
Project Engineer , Mr. S.L. Shah
Structural Engineer, Mr. Mahendra Raj
Contractors ,  M/s South India Corporation Pvt. Ltd., M/s Balaji Engineering & Construction Works, M/s Gina
Engineering Co.
Total Built-up Area, 54000  m2
Project Cost ,   Rs.  72 Million
 
Emperor  Akbar’s  established  his  well – know  capital  Fatehpur  Sikri  in  the  16th  century.  Though  it 
remained  unoccupied  except  for  a  few  years,  it  is  appreciated  universally  for  its  sale,  clarity, 
architectural  style  and  most  significant  of  al  its  spatial  organization.  Here  one  discovers  solutions 
to  the  now  familiar  problem  of  how  to  extend  or  add  buildings  and  yet  relate  them,  how  to 
ensure  that  all  the  individual  constituents  parts  of  the  complex  evoke  the  sense  of  belonging  to  a 
larger  fabric.  And  it  is  not  surprising  that   the  tools  employed  at  Fatehpur  Sikri  to  simultaneously 
functionally  divide  and  unite  the  various  buildings  in  a  complex  are  the  same  as  those  used  in 
planning  temples  in  South  India.

The  response  is  achieved  by  adopting  a  system  of  major  corridors  for  movement  along  which 
activity  areas  are  disposed.  And  within  the  network  of  corridors,  the  space  between  the  activity 
areas  become  courts  for  extended  activities  under  Brahman.  These  courts  regenerate  the  primordial 
sense  of  continuity,  growth,  and  tenuous  linkages  of  the  living  and  their  habitat  environment.

At  Fatehpur  Sikri  in  the  presence  of  the  buildings  is  felt  very  strongly  in  spite  of  their  being 
relatively  small  a  factor  of  special  interest  to  me.  This  is  made  possibly  by  the  modest  relation  of 
the  building  to  the  ground,  sky,  and  the  backdrop  of  the  living  and  their  habitat  environment.

Designing  for  the  Institute's  extensive  academic  programme  with  its  changing  and  extensive 
academic  programme  stretching  and  changing  over  the  years  demanded  such  an  approach. 
Bangalore’s  climate  is  very  comfortable  and  the  city  is  full  of  lush  green  lawns  and  trees. 
Therefore  in  this  project  the  “building”  includes  the  external  spaces  and  the  links  between  the 
buildings  in  the  Bangalore  climate  permit  academic  exchange  beyond  the  classrooms.  Functional 
and  physical  attributes  of  the  design  are  related  to  the  local  traditions  of  pavilion – like  spaces, 
courtyards,  and  ample  provision  for  plantation.

Because  these  local  elements  by  themselves  do not  necessarily  touch  everyone,  the  design  also 
included  long  and  unusually  high  (three  storeyed)   corridors  with  innumerable  vistas  of  focal   points 
generating  a  dialogue  with  one's  self.  These  corridors  are  sometimes  seem  open,  sometimes  with 
only  pergolas  and  sometimes  partly  covered  with  skylight.  To  further  heighten  the  spatial 
experience,  the  width  of  the  corridors  was  modulated  in  many  places  to  allow  casual  sitting, 
interaction  or  moving  forwards  to   once  destination  or  more  towards.  Access  to  classrooms  and 
administrative  offices  was  provided  through  these  links  as  well  as  to  generate  constant  activity. 
Owing  to  the  varying  rhythm  of  the  solids  and  voids,  i.e.  wall  and  opening,  coupled  with  direct  or 
indirect  natural  light,  these  links  change  in  character  during  the  different  times  of  the  day  as  well 
seasons  and  offer  the  students  and  the  faculty,  occasion  to  feel  the  presence  of  nature  even  while  
they  are  inside.  By  creating  such  an  environment  the  activities  pursued  within  the  building  become 
enriched  because  they  become  one   with  the  larger,  total   world.  Architecturally,  the  links  appear 
and  disappear,  and  this  gives  a  sense  of  being   and  not  being  wherein  the  actual  becomes  national. 
In  the  mornings  and  evenings,  the  sun’s  golden  rays  are  reflected  in  the  glazed  windows,  and  the 
long  corridors  with  main  central  court  surrounded  by  classroom  walls  give  a  feeling  of  being  in  a
place  not  unknown  to  ones  inner  being.
PROJECT DETAILS 
Hussain –Doshi Gufa
CEPT Campus 

Client, M.F.Hussain.
Principal Architect , Balkrishna Doshi , M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla
Project Associate , S.L.Shah, Vishnu Joshi, v.v. Ranga Rao, Lise Trottier
Structural Consultant , Vishnu Joshi
Structure form Consultant, Ravindra  Vasavada
Contractors,  Western India Engineers, Ahmedabad
Site Area, 1000 m2
Built-up Area,  280   m2
Project Cost ,   Rs.  1.8  million (1993)

Essentially an art gallery exhibiting paintings and sculptures of noted artist M.F.Hussain, the Hussain
Doshi Gufa in Ahmedabad is located on a campus of the Centre for Environmental Planning and
Technology, while becoming a metaphor, balancing the adjunct science and architecture education
institutions.

Sense of ablution, comfort conditions of the subterranean, painting abstractions reminiscent of palaeolithic
art, and visual reminders of Buddhist caves from Ajanta and Ellora, all influenced the form imagery of a
cave for the proposed museum.

As a human intervention and interpretation of a natural form the basic plan organization evolves out of the
familiar module of an intersecting circles and ellipse. The spaces formed within are however contiguous and
amorphous through inclined planes of domes, curvilinear planes of walls, undulating floors and non
rectilinear leaning columns. A footprint of 280m2 nearly doubles its surface area for painting through
convoluting planes. The shells, domes and skylight protrusion of various sizes and shapes float on a part
buried space and eves gutters extending over ground further accentuate this feeling and anchor the object to
the ground. Projecting skylights and skin cutout not only illuminate the spaces within but create mythic
shafts and spots of light reminiscent of the galaxy and stars.

Buried spaces, earth mounds, raised volumes and china mosaic finish renders the architecture energy
conscious, cutting down it’s energy intake, in an otherwise harsh hot dry climate. Material resources are
further optimized through its shell like forms and ferrocement construction techniques. A simply wire mesh
and mortar lined floor in a form of natural sag of cloth, evolved through scaled model studies, eliminates the
need of any kind of foundation, as the basic form is continuous and efficient in optimizing the stresses and
its distribution. Similar economy of material is achieved through roof shells in a form guided by computer
designs which resolve stresses to minimum, requiring only an inch thick ferrocement shell without any form
work. The construction is carried out with simple hand tools and by semi and unskilled workers on site.

Computer aided designs executed by the tribal, amorphous forms out of basic geometric module; dome
volumes relieving and exalting the centredness suggested by the circles in plan; and internal space division
through “stone henge” like columns defied by their non vertical alignment and irregular forms are some of
the inherent dualities and designed dichotomies of space making to offer a multiple dimensions of mystery
and surprise. A sense of discovery synonymous to early caves.

Illusions emerging out of such dualities manifest a healthy dialogue between art and architecture is a setting
for art or art is an embellishment of architecture. At Hussain- Doshi Gufa they become mutual references –
one animating the other.

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