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Women Violence and Effective Measures

Gender-based violence is a widespread problem that affects millions of women globally. It takes many forms, from domestic violence committed by intimate partners to sexual abuse, trafficking, and harmful traditional practices. Violence against women violates fundamental human rights and leads to serious physical, mental and reproductive health consequences. Strong action is needed through legal reforms, education, empowering women, and changing social attitudes to end tolerance of violence and promote gender equality.

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19 views

Women Violence and Effective Measures

Gender-based violence is a widespread problem that affects millions of women globally. It takes many forms, from domestic violence committed by intimate partners to sexual abuse, trafficking, and harmful traditional practices. Violence against women violates fundamental human rights and leads to serious physical, mental and reproductive health consequences. Strong action is needed through legal reforms, education, empowering women, and changing social attitudes to end tolerance of violence and promote gender equality.

Uploaded by

arshu1
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Women , Violence and

Effective Measures
 
“ The world has never yet
seen a truly great and
virtuous nation because
in the degradation of
woman the very fountains
of life are poisoned at
their source .”  
 
Gender Based Violence
It is the individual Man , raising his fist
against his wife .
It is the young man on a date , acting without
regard for the desires of the young woman he
is with .
It is the physical or verbal attack , on
woman , because of his sexual orientation or
religion or skin colour .
It is men ’ s violence in a myriad of forms .

By Michael
Kaufman , founder White Ribbon Campaign
  Definition
Gender - based violence can be defined as :
“ violence involving men and women , in which
the female is usually the victim and which
arises from unequal power relationships
between men and women ”.

“ Any act of gender - based violence that


results in , or is likely to result in ,
physical , sexual , or psychological harm or
suffering for women , including threats of
such acts , coercion , or arbitrary
deprivations of liberty , whether occurring
in public or private life .”
- Article 1 of UN General
Assembly Declaration , 1993
 
Gender Based Violence :
A Human Rights Issue
GBV violates the following principles of the UN
Universal Declaration of Human Rights :

Article 1 : “ All human beings are born free and


equal in dignity and
rights …”

Article 3 : “ Everyone has the right to life ,


liberty and security of person .”

Article 5 : “ No one shall be subjected to torture


or to cruel , inhuman or
degrading treatment or punishment .”

--- United Nations General Assembly , 1948


 
Scope of the Problem
In a 10 - country study on women's health and domestic violence
conducted by WHO :

Between 15 % and 71 % of women reported physical or


sexual violence by a
husband or partner .

Between 4 % and 12 % of women reported being physically


abused during
pregnancy .  

Every year , about 5 , 000 women are murdered by family


members in the name of
honour each year worldwide .

Trafficking of women and girls for forced labour and


sex is widespread and often
affects the most vulnerable .

Worldwide , up to one in five women and one in 10 men


report experiencing
sexual abuse as children .
Attitudes Regarding
GBV : Men and Women
Who Approve Violence
Against Wives
Men Women

60
55.1
% of men & women

50 49.6
45.9
41.4 39.4
40
34.9
30 29.4
24.6
20 16.3
13.4
10
0
If she If she If she goes If she If she
burns the argues out without neglects refuses to
food with him telling him the have sex
children with him

Source : Kenya Demographic and Health Survey ,


2003
 
Myths about Gender
Based Violence
GBV happens only to poor and marginalized women .

GBV is not common in industrialized countries .

Men cannot control themselves . Violence is simply a


part of their nature .

Most women are abused by strangers . Women are safe


when they are home .

Victims of gender - based violence provoke the abuse


through their
inappropriate behavior .
 
Gender Discrimination
Phase Type
Prenatal Prenatal sex selection, battering during pregnancy,
coerced pregnancy (rape during war)
Infancy Female infanticide, emotional and physical abuse,
differential access to food and medical care
Childhood Genital mutilation; incest and sexual abuse; differential
access to food, medical care, and education; child
prostitution
Adolescence Dating and courtship violence, economically coerced sex,
sexual abuse in the workplace, rape, sexual harassment,
forced prostitution
Reproductive Abuse of women by intimate partners, marital rape, dowry
abuse and murders, partner homicide, psychological abuse,
sexual abuse in the workplace, sexual harassment, rape,
abuse of women with disabilities
Old Age Abuse of widows, elder abuse (which affects mostly women)
 
Types of Gender Based
Violence
The atrocities committed on women can be divided into
various groups :
•
Physical violence
Sexual violence
Verbal violence
Social violence
Emotional violence
Financial violence
Intellectual violence
Other forms of violence
 
Health Effects
Health consequences can result directly from violent acts
or from the long - term effects of violence :

Injuries

Death

Sexual & Reproductive Health

Risky Behaviors

Mental Health

Physical Health
 
Health Consequences
Injury, such as
50
broken bone

Bruises and
48
aches

Had to go to
21
health facility

At least one of
13
the above

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Percentage of Cases

Dominican Republic Demographic and Health Survey , 2000 cited in


Kishor and Johnson , 04
 
The Indian Scenario
1901 : 972 females per 1000 males .
2001 : 933 females per 1000 males .

Crime against women in 1999 registered an increase of


nearly 102 % over the  
year 1989 .( Torture , Rape & Molestation increased by
278 %, 69 % & 24 %)

Sexual harassment recorded a consistent growth of 86 %


during the period 1995
to 1999 .

Steep rise in rape cases from 9150 in 1989 to 15468 in


1999 . ( 27 % of the victims
were minors )

2371 cases of suicides were related to dowry disputes.


(National Crime
Records Bureau report 1998)
Women in Indian
Society
Women face violence inside and
outside the family throughout
their lives . According to
National Crime Records Bureau ,
2005 :

A woman is molested in the


country
every 15 minutes .

A rape occurs every 29


minutes .

Every 53 minutes , an
incident of sexual
harassment takes place .

Every 43 minutes , a woman is


kidnapped .

Every 16 minutes , a woman


is killed .
 
Corrective Measures
For awakening of social conscience and providing justice
and opportunity to the women , the following recommendations
should be made :

To promote education .

To popularize vocational courses .

To implement strict anti - dowry laws .

To work for protection of women ’ s rights .

To promote the concept of Family Planning .

To change the perception of society .

To provide legal aid services & specialised health


care services to victims .
 
“ It is time to end tolerance and
complicity . We cannot make poverty
history unless we make violence
against women history . We cannot stop
the spread of HIV unless we stop
discrimination and violence against
women and girls . We cannot build a
world of peace , development and
security until we end violence
against women and girls .”
— Statement of
Thoraya Ahmed Obaid ,
Executive Director ,
UNFPA , 10 October 2006

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