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Internet

The document summarizes key aspects of how the public Internet works. It discusses how millions of computing devices are interconnected worldwide through a network of networks using common protocols like TCP/IP. End systems connect to routers and communicate by sharing transmission paths. Information is sent and received among these devices using standardized formats. The Internet functions by allowing multiple systems to dynamically share network bandwidth and infrastructure.

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ksameer2010
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31 views

Internet

The document summarizes key aspects of how the public Internet works. It discusses how millions of computing devices are interconnected worldwide through a network of networks using common protocols like TCP/IP. End systems connect to routers and communicate by sharing transmission paths. Information is sent and received among these devices using standardized formats. The Internet functions by allowing multiple systems to dynamically share network bandwidth and infrastructure.

Uploaded by

ksameer2010
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The public Internet is a world-wide computer network, i.e., a network that interconnects millions of
computing devices throughout the world.

End systems, as well as most other "pieces" of the Internet, run protocols that control the sending and
receiving of information within the Internet. (the Transmission Control Protocol) and (the
Internet Protocol) are two of the most important protocols in the Internet. The Internet's principle
protocols are collectively known as TCP/IP protocols.

End systems are connected together by communication links. There are many types of communication
. Links are made up of different types of physical media: coaxial cable, copper wire, fiber optics,
and radio spectrum. Different links can transmit data at different rates. The link transmission rate is
often called the link  , and is typically measured in bits/second.

Usually, end systems are not directly attached to each other via a single communication link. Instead,
they are indirectly connected to each other through intermediate switching devices known as  .

The    specifies the format of the information that is sent and received among routers and end
systems.

Rather than provide a dedicated path between communicating end systems, the Internet uses a
technique known as   that allows multiple communicating end systems to share a path,
or parts of a path, at the same time.

The  is really a network of networks.

Because of the universal use of the IP protocol in the Internet, the IP protocol is sometimes referred to
as the  .

Roughly speaking, from bottom-to-top, the hierarchy consists of end systems connected to local
     (ISPs) tshough  .

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