India at a glance 12/9/09

Lower-
POVERTY and SOCIAL South middle-
Development diamond*
India Asia income
2008
Population, mid-year (millions) 1,140.0 1,543 3,702
Life expectancy
GNI per capita (Atlas method, US$) 1,040 986 2,078
GNI (Atlas method, US$ billions) 1,186.7 1,522 7,692
Average annual growth, 2002-08
Population (%) 1.4 1.5 1.2
GNI Gross
Labor force (%) 1.9 2.2 1.6
per primary
Most recent estimate (latest year available, 2002-08) capita enrollment
Poverty (% of population below national poverty line) .. .. ..
Urban population (% of total population) 29 30 41
Life expectancy at birth (years) 64 65 68
Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births) 52 59 46
Child malnutrition (% of children under 5) 44 41 26 Access to improved water source
Access to an improved water source (% of population) 89 87 86
Literacy (% of population age 15+) 66 63 83
Gross primary enrollment (% of school-age population) 113 108 109 India
Male 115 111 112 Lower-middle-income group
Female 111 104 106

KEY ECONOMIC RATIOS and LONG-TERM TRENDS

1988 1998 2007 2008
Economic ratios*
GDP (US$ billions) 293.1 416.3 1,176.9 1,159.2
Gross capital formation/GDP 23.6 22.6 38.7 39.7
Trade
Exports of goods and services/GDP 6.1 11.2 21.2 22.7
Gross domestic savings/GDP 22.2 21.0 35.2 34.3
Gross national savings/GDP 22.0 22.6 38.1 37.6
Current account balance/GDP -2.9 -1.0 -1.5 -2.6
Domestic Capital
Interest payments/GDP 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.6
savings
Total debt/GDP 21.0 23.7 17.4 19.9
Total debt service/exports 28.8 20.5 13.0 9.0
Present value of debt/GDP .. .. .. 17.5
Present value of debt/exports .. .. .. 58.5
Indebtedness
1988-98 1998-08 2007 2008 2008-12
(average annual growth)
GDP 5.5 7.2 9.1 6.1 7.3 India
GDP per capita 3.5 5.6 7.6 4.7 5.3 Lower-middle-income group
Exports of goods and services 11.6 15.2 7.5 12.8 5.6

STRUCTURE of the ECONOMY

1988 1998 2007 2008 Growth of capital and GDP (%)
(% of GDP)
25
Agriculture 30.5 26.0 18.1 17.5 20
Industry 26.2 26.1 29.5 28.8 15
Manufacturing 16.2 15.5 16.3 15.8 10
Services 43.4 47.9 52.4 53.7 5
0
Household final consumption expenditure 65.8 66.7 54.7 54.1 03 04 05 06 07 08
General gov't final consumption expenditure 12.0 12.3 10.1 11.6 GCF GDP
Imports of goods and services 7.5 12.8 24.7 28.0

1988-98 1998-08 2007 2008

Growth of exports and imports (%)
(average annual growth)
50
Agriculture 3.1 2.7 4.9 1.6
40
Industry 6.1 7.6 8.1 3.9
30
Manufacturing 6.6 7.2 8.2 2.4
20
Services 7.0 8.9 10.9 9.7
10
Household final consumption expenditure 5.6 6.0 6.0 3.6 0
General gov't final consumption expenditure 4.9 4.5 8.4 20.2 03 04 05 06 07 08
Gross capital formation 6.4 12.6 15.6 10.7 Exports Imports
Imports of goods and services 13.6 16.1 8.6 17.9

Note: 2008 data are preliminary estimates.

This table was produced from the Development Economics LDB database.
* The diamonds show four key indicators in the country (in bold) compared with its income-group average. If data are missing, the diamond will
be incomplete.
 India
PRICES and GOVERNMENT FINANCE
1988 1998 2007 2008
Inflation (%)
Domestic prices
10
(% change)
8
Consumer prices 11.2 13.1 6.2 8.0
6
Implicit GDP deflator 8.2 8.0 4.9 6.2
4
Government finance 2
(% of GDP, includes current grants) 0
Current revenue 19.0 .. 21.9 20.9 03 04 05 06 07 08
Current budget balance -2.8 .. -3.2 -7.6
GDP deflator CPI
Overall surplus/deficit .. .. -6.0 -9.6

TRADE
1988 1998 2007 2008
Export and import levels (US$ mill.)
(US$ millions)
Total exports (fob) 14,257 33,219 159,007 190,000 300,000
Tea 435 1,038 1,703 .. 250,000
Iron 825 893 9,005 ..
200,000
Manufactures 10,110 25,792 102,943 108,281
150,000
Total imports (cif) 23,618 47,544 257,789 296,614
Food 1,304 2,524 4,575 .. 100,000

Fuel and energy 3,009 6,399 79,641 .. 50,000

Capital goods 4,803 10,064 58,393 71,237 0

02 03 04 05 06 07 08
Export price index (2000=100) .. .. 152 161
Import price index (2000=100) .. .. 162 182 Exports Imports
Terms of trade (2000=100) .. .. 93 89

BALANCE of PAYMENTS
1988 1998 2007 2008
Current account balance to GDP (%)
(US$ millions)
Exports of goods and services 18,210 47,484 256,240 276,408 3
Imports of goods and services 26,842 58,565 310,301 345,993 2
Resource balance -8,632 -11,081 -54,061 -69,585
1
Net income -2,519 -3,544 -4,917 -4,511 0
Net current transfers 2,652 10,280 41,944 44,279
-1 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
Current account balance -8,499 -4,345 -17,273 -30,049
-2
Financing items (net) 7,495 8,174 109,437 9,969 -3
Changes in net reserves 1,004 -3,829 -92,164 20,080
Memo:
Reserves including gold (US$ millions) 4,802 32,490 309,287 351,259
Conversion rate (DEC, local/US$) 14.5 42.1 40.1 45.9

EXTERNAL DEBT and RESOURCE FLOWS

1988 1998 2007 2008
Composition of 2008 debt (US$ mill.)
(US$ millions)
Total debt outstanding and disbursed 61,659 98,774 204,992 230,611
IBRD 5,590 7,991 6,680 7,429 A: 7,429
G:
IDA 12,186 18,562 25,378 25,419 45,246 B: 25,419

Total debt service 6,055 12,039 39,036 31,076 D: 7,581

IBRD 777 1,377 702 703
IDA 179 423 894 970 E: 23,042
Composition of net resource flows
Official grants 700 490 1,145 1,169
Official creditors 2,661 948 2,565 3,539
Private creditors 5,679 3,187 29,798 11,782
Foreign direct investment (net inflows) 91 2,635 25,127 41,169
Portfolio equity (net inflows) 0 -601 34,986 -15,030 F:
121,894
World Bank program
Commitments 2,648 1,755 3,309 1,200
Disbursements 2,478 1,399 1,805 2,083 A - IBRD E - Bilateral
Principal repayments 383 1,129 1,050 1,159 B - IDA D - Other multilateral F - Private
C - IMF G - Short-term
Net flows 2,095 270 754 924
Interest payments 573 671 546 514
Net transfers 1,522 -401 208 410

Note: This table was produced from the Development Economics LDB database. 12/9/09