Directed

Number

Using Negative
Numbers
Objective
• To able to
– Add & Subtract negative numbers
– Multiply & Divide negative numbers
A Directed Number…
• Is one which has a + or – sign attached
• To show its direction
+
2
-
2
Positive & Negative numbers Yes!
NOT Plus & Minus numbers NO!
 From 0 on a number line

+
5
-
5 5 to right

5 to left 3
+
3 to right

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Adding numbers
+
3+ 2 = 5
+ +
+
5
3
+
2
+

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Adding numbers -
3+ 2 = 5
- -

-
5
2
-
3
-

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Adding numbers
+
5+ 2 = 3
- +
3
+

5
+ -
2

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Adding numbers
+
2+ 5 = 3
- -

-
3
-
5 +
2

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Try these Think of 1st number as a starting point
Think of 2nd number as a move left or right

a) +3 + -7 -
4
b) +6 + -3 3+
c) 2 + 4
- - -
6
d) -1 + +6 +
5

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Subtracting numbers
+
5- 2 = 3
+ +
+
2

35
++

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Subtracting numbers
+
5- 2 = 3+ +
3
+ -
2

- 2 is just -2
+
+
5
-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Subtracting numbers
+
3 - 5 = 2-
+ -
2

5
- +3

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
4 Volunteers with WHITEBOARDS

• How good a teacher

am I?
• Give a mark between
1 and 10
• Hold up your boards –
show class

SUBTRACT a NEGATIVE means ADD

 Subtract a NEGATIVE number
+ - +
3+ 2= 1
+
1
So
+
+
1- 2 =-3
+3 -2

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Try these Think of 1st number as a starting point
Think of 2nd number as a move left or right

a) +3 - -2 +
5 Think of SUBTRACT as a
REVERSE of DIRECTION
b) +1 - -3 +
4
c) -2 - +4 -
6

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Basic Rules
ADD a POSITIVE means ADD + +3 = + 3

ADD a NEGATIVE means SUBTRACT + -3 = - 3

SUBTRACT a POSITIVE means SUBTRACT - +3 = - 3

SUBTRACT a NEGATIVE means ADD - -3 = + 3

Sometimes Textbooks give a number in a bracket

5 - ( 2)
+
=5- 2 +

Sometimes Textbooks give the sign NOT raised

5 - (+2) = 5 - (+2) = 5 - +2
Task
• AQA Intermediate Text [Green]
– Page 36 Exercise 4.3
– Write Questions and answers
Multiply &
Divide with
Negative
numbers
 Multiplication
+
3x 2 = 6 + +

2
+ +
2 +
2
-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Multiplication
+
3x 2 = 6
- -

2
-
2
- -
2

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Multiplication
-
3x 2 = 6
- +

+
2 +
2 2
+

-
2 -
2 -
2

-
6 -5 -
4 -3 -
2 -
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Rule for Multiplication
POSITIVE x POSITIVE = POSITIVE +
2 x +3 = +6

POSITIVE x NEGATIVE = NEGATIVE +

2 x -3 = -6

NEGATIVE x POSITIVE = NEGATIVE

2 x +3 = - 6
-

NEGATIVE x NEGATIVE = POSITIVE 2 x -3 = +6

-

If SAME SIGN, answer is POSITIVE

Rule for Division Inverse of Multiplication

POSITIVE ÷ POSITIVE = POSITIVE +

18 ÷ +3 = +6

POSITIVE ÷ NEGATIVE = NEGATIVE +

18 ÷ -3 = -6

NEGATIVE ÷ POSITIVE = NEGATIVE -

18 ÷ +3 = -6

NEGATIVE ÷ NEGATIVE = POSITIVE -

18 ÷ -3 = +6

If SAME SIGN, answer is POSITIVE

Task
• Exercise 4.4 page 38
• Review Exercise
Puzzle
• Can you complete this puzzle?

Click Here
Using negative numbers in
formulae
• We call putting a number into an
expression Substitution
Examples t=f+7

If t = f + 7

If f = 5 t=5+7 t = 12
If f = -5 t = -5 + 7 t=2
Examples t = 3q + 4
3q = 3 x q
If t = 3q + 4

If q = 5 t = 3x5 + 4 t = 15 + 4 t = 19
If q = -5 t = 3x-5 + 4 t = -15 + 4 t = -11

NOT t = 35 + 4 = 39
Examples S = t2
t2 = t x t

If t = 5 S = 5x5 S = 25
If t = -5 S = -5x-5 S = 25
Exercises
• Referring to your notes on negatives
• Attempt Exercises in Keymaths 8/3 page
126 onwards
– 6:5
– 6:6
– 6:7
– 6:8