Scribd
Upload
2K views

Associative Memory

1. An associative memory is a content-addressable structure that maps input patterns to output patterns. It allows recall of data based on the similarity between the input and stored patterns. 2. There are two types - auto-associative memory retrieves a stored pattern similar to the input, while hetero-associative memory retrieves a pattern generally different from the input in content or format. 3. Neural networks implement associative memory models called NAM. The document discusses various associative memory models like linear associator, Hopfield model, and bi-directional model, as well as auto-associative and hetero-associative memory.

Uploaded by

Imran Hussen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views

Associative Memory

1. An associative memory is a content-addressable structure that maps input patterns to output patterns. It allows recall of data based on the similarity between the input and stored patterns. 2. There are two types - auto-associative memory retrieves a stored pattern similar to the input, while hetero-associative memory retrieves a pattern generally different from the input in content or format. 3. Neural networks implement associative memory models called NAM. The document discusses various associative memory models like linear associator, Hopfield model, and bi-directional model, as well as auto-associative and hetero-associative memory.

Uploaded by

Imran Hussen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Associative Memory

Soft Computing
Associative Memory (AM), topics : Description, content addressability,working,
classes of AM : auto and hetero, AM relatedterms - encoding or memorization,
retrieval or recollection, errorsand noise, performance measure - memory capacity
and contentaddressability.Associative memory models : network architectures
-linear associator, Hopfield model and bi-directional model (BAM).Auto-associative
memory (auto-correlators) : how to store patterns ?how to retrieve patterns?
recognition of noisy patterns. Bi-directionalhetero-associative memory (hetero-
correlators) : BAM operations -retrieve the nearest pair, addition and deletion of
pattern pairs,energy function for BAM - working of Kosko's BAM, incorrect recall
ofpattern, multiple training encoding strategy – augmentation matrix,generalized
correlation matrix and algorithm.
Associative Memory
Soft Computing
Topics
1. Associative Memory (AM) Description
Content addressability; Working of AM; AM Classes : auto and hetero;AM related
terms - encoding or memorization, retrieval or recollection,errors and noise;
Performance measure - memory capacity and content-addressability.
2. Associative Memory Models
AM Classes – auto and hetero; AM Models; Network architectures -Linear
associator, Hopfield model and Bi-directional model (BAM).
3. Auto-associative Memory (auto-correlators)
How to store patterns? How to retrieve patterns? Recognition of noisy patterns.
4. Bi-directional Hetero-associative Memory (hetero-correlators)
BAM operations - retrieve the nearest pair, Addition and deletion of pattern pairs;
Energy function for BAM - working of Kosko's BAM, incorrect recall of pattern;
Multiple training encoding strategy – augmentation matrix, generalized correlation
matrix and algorithm .
Associative Memory
What is Associative Memory ?
• An associative memory is a content-addressable structure that maps aset of input
patterns to a set of output patterns.
• A content-addressable structure is a type of memory that allows the recall of data
based on the degree of similarity between the input pattern and the patterns stored
in memory.
• There are two types of associative memory : auto-associative and hetero-
associative.
• An auto-associative memory retrieves a previously stored pattern that most
closely resembles the current pattern.
• In a hetero-associative memory, the retrieved pattern is in general,different from
the input pattern not only in content but possibly also in type and format.
• Neural networks are used to implement these associative memory models called
NAM (Neural associative memory).
An associative memory: is a content-addressable structure that maps aset of
input patterns to a set of output patterns. A content-addressable structure refers to
a memory organization where the memory is accessed by its content as opposed to
an explicit address in the traditional computer memory system. The associative
memory are of two types : auto-associative and hetero-associative.
�An
 auto-associative memory retrieves a previously stored pattern that most
closely resembles the current pattern.
�In hetero-associative memory, the retrieved pattern is in general different
from the input pattern not only in content but possibly also in type and format.

Description of Associative Memory


An associative memory is a content-addressable structure that allows,the recall of
data, based on the degree of similarity between theinput pattern and the patterns
stored in memory.
• Example : Associative Memory
The figure below shows a memory containing names of several people.If the given
memory is content-addressable,Then using the erroneous string "Crhistpher
Columbos" as key issufficient to retrieve the correct name "Christopher
Colombus."In this sense, this type of memory is robust and fault-tolerant,
becausethis type of memory exhibits some form of error-correction capability.

Note : An associative memory is accessed by its content, opposedto an explicit


address in the traditional computer memory system.The memory allows the recall
of information based on partial knowledge of its contents.

You might also like