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Jones Chopper: Pratik Gupta (Vgec Electrical)

The document describes the Jones chopper circuit, a type of Class D commutation circuit used for motor speed control. It contains a main thyristor T1 and commutating circuit with SCR T2, capacitor C, diode D2, and autotransformer T. When T1 is on, the motor speed increases, and when T1 is off, the motor speed decreases, allowing variable speed control. The circuit works by alternately turning T1 and T2 on and off, charging and discharging capacitor C to commutate current between the thyristors.

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10K views

Jones Chopper: Pratik Gupta (Vgec Electrical)

The document describes the Jones chopper circuit, a type of Class D commutation circuit used for motor speed control. It contains a main thyristor T1 and commutating circuit with SCR T2, capacitor C, diode D2, and autotransformer T. When T1 is on, the motor speed increases, and when T1 is off, the motor speed decreases, allowing variable speed control. The circuit works by alternately turning T1 and T2 on and off, charging and discharging capacitor C to commutate current between the thyristors.

Uploaded by

guptapratik
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JONES CHOPPER

PRATIK GUPTA (VGEC ELECTRICA


Circuit diagram:
o Circuit shows the basic power circuit of Jones chopper.
o This chopper circuit is another example of Class D
commutation.
o In this circuit, SCR T1 is the main thyristor, whereas SCR
T2, capacitor C, D2, and autotransformer T forms the
commutating circuit for the main thyristor T1.
o Therefore, the special feature of this circuit is the
tapped autotransformer T through a portion of which
the load current flows.
o Here, L1 and L2 are closely coupled so that the
capacitor always gets sufficient energy to turn off the
main SCR T1.
o If the main thyristor T1 is on for a long period, then
the motor will reach the maximum steady-state
speed determined by the battery voltage, the
motor and the mechanical load characteristics.
o If thyristor T1 is off, the motor will not rotate.
o Now, if thyristor T1 is alternatively on and off in a
cyclic manner, the motor will rotate at some speed
between maximum and zero.
o Next figure shows the jones chopper circuit and
then the voltage and current waveforms of the
chopper circuit.
Working of Jones chopper:
o When SCR1 is turned on, the capacitor C discharges
resonantly through SCR1, L1, and D1.
o This discharge current does not flow through L2 and
back to the battery because of the transformer action
of T.
o The load current is picked up by SCR1, and the flywheel
diode D1 is reverse-biased and its current reduced to
zero.
o As the capacitor voltage swings negative, the reverse
bias on diode D2 decreases. This continues up to a
time ∏(L1C)0.5. The capacitor voltage assumes a
polarity as shown in figure.
o When SCR2 is turned ON, the negative voltage on capacitor
C is applied across SCR1 which is turned OFF after its
recovery current becomes zero.
o The load current which is nominally constant starts to flow
in SCR2 and capacitor C. The of SCR2 is limited by the
circuit stray inductance.
o The capacitor C is charged positively at first up to a voltage
equal to the supply voltage Vdc.
o The flywheel diode becomes forward biased and begins to
pick up the load current and capacitor current starts to
reduce.
o After this, the energy in the inductance L2 is
forced into the capacitor C charging it positively.

o The capacitor current continues to decrease


increasing the current through D2 till the
capacitor reduces below the holding current of
SCR2 when it is turned off.
o The cycle repeats when SCR1 is again turned
on.
Advantages:
o Allow the use of higher voltage and lower microfarad
commutating capacitors.
o This is because the trapped energy of the inductor L2 can
be forced into the commutating capacitor rather than
simply charging the capacitor by the supply voltage.
o Consequently, the voltage rating of the SCRs should be also
high.
o In this circuit, there is no starting problem and any one of
the SCRs can be turned ON initially. There is greater
flexibility in control also, because both the ON time and
OFF time can be varied individually.
References:
• “Power Electronics”-M. D. Singh, K. B.
Khanchandani.
• Google books: Power electronics.
THANK YOU!

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