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General GR&R Procedure

This document outlines a general procedure for evaluating measurement variation through a Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gr&R) study. The Gr&R method is used to determine sources of variation such as operators, measurement systems, or testers. It involves multiple operators measuring several test items under constant conditions over multiple time periods. The variation components are analyzed to calculate the Gr&R percentage or capability index and evaluate whether the measurement system meets specifications. If not capable, the document lists potential corrective actions to improve measurement system performance.

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868 views

General GR&R Procedure

This document outlines a general procedure for evaluating measurement variation through a Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gr&R) study. The Gr&R method is used to determine sources of variation such as operators, measurement systems, or testers. It involves multiple operators measuring several test items under constant conditions over multiple time periods. The variation components are analyzed to calculate the Gr&R percentage or capability index and evaluate whether the measurement system meets specifications. If not capable, the document lists potential corrective actions to improve measurement system performance.

Uploaded by

kengpin3056
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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General Gr&R Procedure

General In this procedure the two components, repeatability and


Reproducibility, of the measurement variation will be determined and
evaluated.

The Gr&R-method is normally used to determine operator influencies.


However it can generally be used to determine any influencies for
measurement variation (e.g. variation from measurement system to
system, instead of operator to operator).

New measurement systems will be evaluated before acceptance


according to specification.

Purpose 1) Analysis of variance components


2) Calculation of gage capability Gr&R% or Cg

Application: 1) Find out operator influence on measurements (classical form)


2) Analysis of measurement tool matching
3) Analysis of test systems : tester – loadboard combinations

Realization a) 10 measurement objects (devices, wafer, sample,...) are measured


by one operator under constant conditions.
b) This procedure is repeated by 3 operators (-->repeatability )
c) a + b) will be repeated 3 times in relatively long time intervals,
e.g.: one day (-->reproducibility). The recording of the data will be
done for neutrality by a third person

Note:
For cost reduction the anlysis can also be done by 2 operators instead
of 3 or with 2 repetitions instead of 3. This however results in lower
confidence of estimation.

If no operator influence is possible by principle, the procedure is done


by one operator. To achieve equivalent confidence of estimation 30
measurement objects are necessary.

Gage Capability Calculation of Gr&R% with a confidence level of 99%:

5.15σr & R
Gr & R % =
USL − LSL
where
σr&R variation of the measurement uncertainty;
calculation see next pages
USL upper specification limit (of the product)
LSL lower specification limit (of the product)
Alternative following characteristic can be determined:

( USL − LSL) δ
Cg =
6σ r & R
where
δ=0.35
Remark: there are different δ-values in varias companies.

Evaluation: Unless defined otherwise the following applies:

An existing measurement system is not r&R capable if


Gr&R% >30% resp. Cg (δ=0.35) < 1.0

A new measurement system is not r&R capable if


Gr&R%>10% bzw. Cg (δ=0.35) < 3.0

Corrective If measurement systems are not Gr&R-capable following corrective


actions actions may be applied for example:

- operator training
- check tolerance limits of the measured parameter
- system maintenance
- new measurement system

The catalog for corrective actions is specified for every location.

Variance σ 2r
Components repeatabil ity % =
σ2r & R

Infineon Technologies, QM, T.Wagner, for internal use only


MSA-Handbook
Version 1.0: 1999-08
Version 1.2: 2000-07

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