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Proposal PPT Final

This document summarizes molecular epidemiology research on HIV-1 patients from Bihar and Jharkhand, India. It provides background on the global AIDS epidemic, noting that over 33 million people were living with HIV in 2008. For India, it states that an estimated 2.27 million people aged 15-49 were living with HIV in 2008. Specifically for Bihar, it notes that the Bihar State AIDS Control Society has identified 8,228 HIV cases and over 80 deaths from the disease, including 13 children. The document also outlines key aspects of HIV biology like its classification into groups and subtypes, its life cycle, and the role of mutation in HIV.

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32 views12 pages

Proposal PPT Final

This document summarizes molecular epidemiology research on HIV-1 patients from Bihar and Jharkhand, India. It provides background on the global AIDS epidemic, noting that over 33 million people were living with HIV in 2008. For India, it states that an estimated 2.27 million people aged 15-49 were living with HIV in 2008. Specifically for Bihar, it notes that the Bihar State AIDS Control Society has identified 8,228 HIV cases and over 80 deaths from the disease, including 13 children. The document also outlines key aspects of HIV biology like its classification into groups and subtypes, its life cycle, and the role of mutation in HIV.

Uploaded by

Ashanksingh
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GE-611

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 from the Patients of Bihar and Jharkhand

Guided by Presented by
Dr. Kislay Sinha Ashank Singh
Asst. Professor M.S. (Pharm.)

Department of Biotechnology
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur
Introduction
AIDS-
According to the US CDC, one has AIDS if he/she is infected
with HIV and present with one of the following-
CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/µl (or CD4+ T-cell
percentage of total lymphocytes of less than 14%) or he/she
has one of the 26 indicator illness.
Global summary of the AIDS
epidemic, 2008
• Number of people living with HIV in 2008
Total 33.4 million [31.1 – 35.8 million]
Adults 31.3 million [29.2 – 33.7 million]

Children under 15 years 2.1 million [1.2 – 2.9 million]

• People newly infected with HIV in 2008


Total 2.7 million [2.4 – 3.0 million]
Adults 2.3 million [2.0 – 2.5 million]
Children under 15 year 430 000 [240 000 – 610 000]

• AIDS-related deaths in 2008


Total 2.0 million [1.7 – 2.4 million]
Adults 1.7 million [1.4 – 2.1 million]
Children under 15 year 280 000 [150 000 – 410 000]
AIDS in India
The HIV epidemic in India, first recognised in 1986.
In 2008, an estimated 2.27 million people between the ages of 15-49 years
was living with HIV.
State wise estimated adult HIV prevalence, 2006 & 2007
AIDS in Bihar
• According to a Bihar State AIDS Control
Society (BSACS), there are 8,228 identified
cases of HIV infection and over 80 people,
including 13 children, have died of the
disease.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
Life Cycle of HIV
pol Gene
pol gene encodes three important enzymes-
• Reverse transcriptase
• Protease
• Integrase
Classification of HIV-1
HIV-1 is classified in four distinct groups
• M (Major)
• O (Outliers)
• N (non M, non O)
• P

The M subgroup comprises several subtypes


(A-D, F-H, J, K)
Mutation in HIV
• The high error rate of reverse transriptase

• The high replication rate

• Drug pressure
Thank You

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