IS : 5525 - 1969

( Heaflinncd 1990 I

Indian Standard (Reaffirmed

. 1999)

RECOMMENDATlONS FOR
DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT IN
REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKS

UDC 721.021:744.4:693.554

UUHEAIJ OF INDIAN STANDARDS

.
MANAK HtlAVAN, 9 DAlIAIXJ11 SIIAII ZAFAK MARCJ
NEW DI~I.111110002

Gr7 September-1970
 ISr5525-1969
( wcammled 1990)

Indian Standard
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT IN
REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKS

Joint Sectional Committee for Concrete Reinforcement, BSMDC 8 ,

Chairman
SHRI c. P. MALnc Central Public Works Department _

M#mbrrs
SHRI B. D. AHUJA National Buildings Organization
SHRI 0. N. GUPTA ( Al&raate )
Srmt A. P. BAGCHI Sahu Cement Seavice, New Delhi
SHRI K. K. BASIJ Indian Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI B. B. BHA-ITACHARJEE IRC Steels Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI A. S. BISHNOI Ministry of Transport & Shioping ( Roads Wing)
SHRI H. P. BODHANWALLA Tata Iron &_Steel Co Ltd, Jamshedpur
Da S. M. K. Crim-rv Cent;~or~eddmg Research Institute ( CSIR ),

DEPUTY Dm%TOR STANDARns Research Designs & Standards Organization

(B & S)-1 ( Ministry of Railways )
Assts’r~~~ D~RIXTOR STANDARm‘
( M/C) ( Altumula)
DIRECTOR( FA~AUA BARRAGE) Central Water & Power Commission
Srrtu V. GULATI Heatly & Gresham td, New Delhi
SHRI B. N. G~JPTA Steel Re-Rolling MIk1s Association of India, Calcutta
SHRI S. BA~~ERJEE ( Altanaie )
SEIRI P. K. GIJPTE National Metallurgical Laboratory ( CSIR ),
Jamshedpur
SHRI I-IAR~HANDSIN~H Indian Steel and Wire Products Ltd, Jamshedpur
SHRI R. R. KAPLISH ( kltcrnafr )
SHRt c. L. h. IYENoAR The Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHRI Y. K. MEI-ITA ( Altematc )
SHRI s. s. KASHYAP Gammon India Limited, Bombay
SHY S. Y. KHAN Killick Nixon & Co Ltd, Bombay
Smu S. M. BIL~RAMI( Alfsrnate )
SHRI S. C. MAZUMDAR Gannon Dunkerley & Co Ltd, New Delhi
SHRt N. H. PAI ( Alkmate )
DR P. K. MOHANTY Tor Isteg Steel Corporation, Calcutta
DR INO P. K. BANERJEE( Alternate )
SHRI P. R. NAIR Iron & Steel Controller, Calcutta
SHIU K. R. N. SWAMI ( Alternate )
SHRI M. L. NANDA Central Public Works Department
SUPERINTIINDINO SURVEYOROF
WORKS ( NORTHERNZONE ) ( Alfcrnatr )
( CnntinucdOHpaga 2 )
--
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
 MnnbcrS Re~resdiag
Bnro 0. P. NARU~A Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters
SHRI B. K. PANT-Y Hindustan Construction Co Ltd, Bombay
SRRI P. G. V. ho Directorate Getera ?f Supplies & Disposals
PROF G. S. RAMASWAMY . Struc~o~~ke~gmeermg Research Ccntrc ( CSIR ),

SHRI 2. GEORGE ( Ahnate)

y≦w&I?;~vE M. N. Dastur & Co ( P) Ltd, Bombay
Hindustan Steel Ltd, Ranchi
SHRI R. G. Joo ( Alternate)
SECRETARY Central Board of Irrigation & Power, New Delhi
SHRI SHIRI~H H. SHAH Tensile Steel Ltd, Bombay
SHRI I%NESHP. MEKD ( Alkmati )
&it V. M. T--rt SpunBap’ia and Construction Co ( Baroda ) Ltd,

Sxisu R. NA~ARAJAN, Director General,/BlS ( Ex-o@io Member )

Director ( Civ Engg )
Secretary
SHR~ ?. R. TANEJA
Deputy Director ( Civ Engg ), BlS

Panel for Detailing of Reinforcement, BSMDC 8 : PI

Convener
BRXG0. P. NARULA Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters

Members
SHRIA. K. BHATTACHARWA Railway Board
Da~un DIRECTOR S T A N D A R D s Research Designs & Standards Organization

SgI? s”b KHAMBHATI Public Works Department, Government of Gujarat

SHR~ h. s. JALUNDHWALA ( Altcrnah )
SHRI G. P. LAHIRI Chatterjee i?z Polk, Calcutta
,tiHRI N. V. &iAsTRI Central Public Works Department
SHRI C. N. SRINIVASAN M/s C. R. Narayana Rao, Madras

‘2
 ls:5525-1!&9

Indian Standard
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT IN
REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKS

0. FOREWORD
0.1This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution
on 22 December 1969, after the draft finalized by the Joint Sectional Com-
mittee for Concrete Reinforcement had been approved by the Civil Engi-
neering Division Council and the Structural and Metals Division Council.
0.2 Much time, effort and expense can be saved in the design office and at
the site of work, if simple, clear and comprehensive drawings are prepared.
Different practices have hitherto been followed in various design offices in
detailing of reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete structures and this bs
quite often resulted in waste of time and energy in interpretation of designers’
ideas and instructions by various agencies connected with fabrication and
placement of reinforcement and construction of reinforced concrete stru&,
tures. I! has !Jeen z trempted in his standard to present unified and improved
method: tf preparing drawings ;ror the fabrication and placing of reinforcing
sieel il: ~oi&rs~r! c;k i-t%: structures. The use of these improved methods,
it is xyeci, ~\i!i not only result in better reinforced concrete construction
but will also simplify and reduce the amount of work ordinarily required
to prepare such di’x,: ings.

0.3 These recommendations sl:o~rld be read in conjunction with IS : 456-

1964* and 1S : 2502-1963t. \Vhile the common methods of detailing of
reinforcement based on. good practice have been recommended in this
standard, suitable dc~iatlons may bc made in special cases, if warranted by
design requireme:;ts, provided they satisfy the requirements of IS : 456-
1964* and IS : 2502-i963t and ensure adequate safety by analysis or test
or both.

0.4 For the purpose c:‘ &ciding \bhether a particular requirement of this
standard is cornpLed \bilh. iire Grral va!ue, observed or calculated, expressing
the result of a test or anal\&, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS :
2-1960:. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value
should be the same as that of thl: specified value in this standard.
*Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( second ret&on ).
TCode of practice for ber.ding and fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement.
$Rulcs for rounding off nu:ncrical values (revised ).

3
Lc. . . . -

lS:5525-1968

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard’ deals with the general requirements of detailing of rein-
forcement in reinforced concrete structures. The recommendations’may be
applied to all reinforced concrete structures with suitable modifications as
may be necessary.

2. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

2.1. For the purpose of this standard and unless otherwise defined in the test,
the symbols and abbreviations given in 2.1.1 to 2.1.4 may be used. All
reinforcement bars used in the structures shall be suitably designated and
numbered both in drawing and schedule.
2.1.1 Symbols Relating to Cross Sectional Shafl and Size of Reinforcement Bars
Plain hound bar
or
es I Diameter of plain round bar

Plain square bar

or
cl Side of plain square bar

Deformed bar ( including square

twisted bar )
or
# Nominal size ( equivalent diameter or
side ) of the deformed bar ( see Note )
NOTE - In accordance with IS : 1139-1966. and IS : 1786-19667, the nominal size of
the deformed bar is equivalent to the diameter or side of a plain bar having the same
weight per metre run as the deformed bar.

2.1.2 Symbols Relating to Shape of the Bar Along Its Length

Bt Bent bar
St Straight bar
stp Stirrup
38 Spiral
ct Column tie
*Specification for hot rollrd mild steel, medium tensile steel and high yield strength
Jt%l deformed bars ior couerete reintorcement ( reCreO ).
tbpeclficarion for cold twisted steel bars for concrete rrinfLxcement

4
 2.13 S’bo& Relating to Position and Direction
EW Each way

Spacing centre to centre

@

- Limit of area covered by bars

- Direction in which bars extend

2.1.4 S’bols Rdating to Viirio~ StructuralMmtbns
Bm J3eam(4
co1 Column(s)
FG Footing(s)
Girder(s)
; Joist(s)
Lintel(s)
LB Lintel Beam(s)
Sb Slab(s)
WL Longitudinal Wall
WX Cross Wall
2.2 The symbols, abbreviations and notes shall be used in a manner that
will not create any ambiguity. For example, the notation 5 4 - 12 both
ways may be interpreted as 12 No. 5 mm dia bars in each direction making
a total of 24 or 6 Nos. 5 mm dia bars in each direction making a total of 12.
To avoid this, it is better to write 5 4 St-12 EW, that is, 12 No. 5 mm dia
plain round straight bars in each direction. The same would be true in
referring to each face of a concrete structure.
2.3 The use of the same type of line for the same purpose considerably
enhances the clarity and usefulness of the drawing. The following notations
are suggested:
A Concrete line
___- -- D;:eposed concrete or masonry wall

Reinforcement
-_- Centre line
I I Dimension line
I I
Concrete beam framing into column
::lX-_Q::
which extends through floor
- __i&_.{&.
__,L _*r.. Concrete beam framing into column
which stops at floor

5
 1 o 5525 - 1969

2.4 Where bars end up in hooks or bends, as far as possible the hooks and
bends shall be clearly indicated in the drawing.

3. MARKS

3.1 Marks for Parts of Buildings - Marks are’ used to designate the
different structural members of a structure. Different structural members
of a structure shall be marked using symbols, abbreviations and notations
indicated in 2 and in the manncc indicated in 3.2 and 3.3.

3.2 A key framing plan sha!l be prepared to a convenient scale and the
two axes marked, one side with alphabets A; B, C, etc, and theotherwith
numbers ( see Fig. 1A ) . Normally with rectangular pattern, the same key
framing plan may he used for all floors. However, if arrangement of beams
vary for different flo(JrS a separate key framing plan with grid arrangement
and axes may IX used for each of the Boor. The floors shall be specified
in accordance with requirements of IS : 2332-1963* and abbreviations BT
and MZ shall IX used for basement and mezzanine respectively, for example:
BT - Basement
MZ - Mezzanine
Floor 1
Floor 2
3.2.1 Columt~s -- Columns and foundations shall be specified by grid
arrangement giving reference to the floor, for example ( see Fig. 1A ):
FG E 1 - Footing for column E 1
Co1 2 E 1 -- Column E 1 at floor 2 ( that is, column for storey 2,
or column between floor 2 and 3 j
3.2.2 Beams, slabs, and lintels, tic beams shall be consecutively numbered
from left hand top corner ( see Fig. 1A ).
3.2.3 If longitudinal section of the beam is shown, then the grid of the
column or numljer of the beam supporting the beam that is being detailed
shall bc sl~own as indicated in Fig. 1B and if possible inset on the drawing
showing the: k<.y framin,q plan; on the other hand if a beam schedule is
included, a table ( see Fig. iC ) may be prepared and inset on the drawing
showing the key framing plan ( see Fig. 1A ).
3.2.3.1 Beams or slabs that are similar may be given in the same
number.
3.3 Walls - Marking of walls shall be made in the serial order starting from
top left corner of plan and proceeding towards the right, followed by subse-
quent rows, in order. Longitudinal walls and cross walls shall be marked
separately ( see Fig. 2 ) and identified in the drawing with reference to the
serial number of the floor.

*Nomenclature of Hoers and storcys ( Since retired ).

6
 IS t 5525- 1969

Exampk:
2WL - 1 Longitudinal Wall No. 1 at floor 2 ( between
floor 2 and 3 )
4Wx - 3 Cross Wall No. 3 at floor 4 ( between floor
4 and 5 )

3.4 Floe--s and storeys shall be designated in accordance with requirements

of IS : 2332-1963*.

f 4. SCALES

4.1 Scales shall be so chosen as to bring out the details clearly and to keep
the drawings within workable size. The choice of scale will depend on the
discretion of the designer and no general recommendations can be given
in this respect, although commonly used scales are given below as examples:
Plan - 1:100,1:5
Elevation - 1:5,1:30
Sections - 1 : 50, 1 : 30, 1 : 25, 1 : 15, 1 : 10

5. STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS

5.1 Structural drawings prepared by. the designer shall show details of
reinforcement and all other information needed for detailing the reinforce-
ment. The drawings shall also indicate by separate notes, live loads, con-
crete strength, quality and grade of steel, number of bars to be lapped and
lengths of laps, cn~crete cover and if necessary, any special instructions
regarding erection of form work, fabrication and placing of steel.

5.2 It is always convenient to detail and fabricate the reinforcement by units

which generally consist of footings, walls, columns, each floor and roof. A
separate structural drawing supplemented by bar bending schedule should ’
preferably be made for each unit. For small structures the entire require-
ments may be handled as one unit. For a large project a particular unit
such as floor may be divided to correspond with the construction schedule,
All sections should be kept as large as practicable, since it is more economical
to fabricate for large units, especially where there is liable to be a duplication
of bars. All the drawings in one set should preferably be of the same size.

5.2.1 In bridge work, especially for typical designs that are often repeated
it is customary to show the details of reinforcement bars on the general
drawing

5.3 To ensure that all of the reinforcement is properly placed or positioned

in a unit, a longitudinal section or cross-section or both should be shown in
addition to the plan and elevation of the unit on which the bars are shown.
l&iaewlatrtre of Boon and storew ( Since revise&j,

7
 1A

COL 2 E, COL 2 E, cOL2 E* COL 2 El

\ n
6100 -- 6100

COLl E, COLl E) COLl Es COLl EL

DETAIL OF Bm 6 DETAIL OF Bm 13 DE&L OF Bm 20
AW Bm 7 SIMILAR AND Bm 14 SIMILAR ANO Bm 21 SIMILAB

18
 Beam No. Floor Spanning Behvecn At Level
mm

Bml 1 El G1 +3500
B,14 1 G c3 +3500

B,27 1 B23 B31 +3500

B,28 1 c4 c5 $3500

B,28A 1 c4 Gi +1750
. ( Landing Beam )
W
%i B35 +3500
B,29 1

LB1 1 EI 6 +2440
LB9 1 A3 A4 -l-2440

1c

Fro. 1 TYPICAL ARRANOEMENT

FORTHE KEY FRAMINGPLAN ANP MARKINGDIFFERENT
. STRUCTURALMEMBERS &;

E
!
w
8
IS : 5525- 1969

r
IX’ WL& r;,, wL6

% NXS

WL8 WJ WLlO

NX8 wxs N&o Wl

WLll

W&s
w2 WL13
II
w2
w4 w5 WXl6

WLlL WLl5 WLlS

FPG. 2 TYPICAL MARKING DETAILS FOR WALLS

5.4 The drawing should be complete and clear, so as to leave no doubt

on any point of construction. Complete and accurate dimensions shall
be shown. Clear and adequate details for special and .unusual conditions
shall bc given to ensure proper placing of reinforcement. Details at cor-
ners and intersections of walls, bridge seat construction joints, window and
door openings and similar special conditions should be shclvn in rhe
relevant drawings along with sketches if necessary.
5.5 For clear dcmarcatiott of rcinfnrcement bars, those in the near face shall
be shown in full lines and those that are placed in the far face shall be shown
in dotted line.
5.6 All bar<, straight or bend, requiring hooks shall be so designated by the
designer or a note to this effect included in the drawing.
5.7 Lengths of laps, points of bend, L
,tnd extension of bars should be specified
by the deqigner. The ratios L/7, L/3 and L/4, etc shown on typical drawings
\ha!! not be used unless justified by structural analysis.
 Isr55!25-Is9

5.8 Different sizes of bar supports such as holsters and high chairs in incre-
ments in which stock sizes are commonly available shall be indicated on the
drawing.
5.9 Wherever possible, all control and construction joints should be indicated
on structural drawings and details provided for such joints.
5.10 Notes and Instructions -Any ambiguity and scope for misinter-
pretation of instructions shall be avoided. All instructions shall be in the
imperative form, specific, brief and clear.
5.11 Schedules
5.11.1 The reinforcement of slabs, beams and many other parts of struc-
tures may be effectively shown on working drawings or in a tabular form,
known as a schedule. The schedule is a compact summary of the dimen-
sions of the concerned structural part, all the bars complete with the number
of pieces, shape and size, lengths and bending details from which fabrication
details may be easily worked out. Bar lengths for straight bars should pre-
ferably be detailed in increments of 75 mm.
5.11.1.1 A schedule shall be supplemented with diagrams and sketches
wherever necessary. Where bars of differeilt dimensions are used, thr:
exact arrangement of the reinforcement shall be shown by means of
clear diagrams. No abbreviation or symbol shall be used in a schedule
without proper explanation.
5.11.1.2 For small structures detailed on a single sheet, the schedule
may be placed in the upper left corner of the drawing. For larger structures
requiring more than one drawing the complete schedulemay appear on the
last sheet of the details, or if the size of the structure warrants, separate
schedules may be prepared for each unit ( foundation, abutments, piers, etc )
on the drawing covering that specific unit of the structure.
5.11.2 Beams, Girders and Joists - Details of reinforcement for beams,
girders and joists are usually shown in schedules. The schedules should
sllow the number, mark and size of number; number, size, position and
!ength of straight bars; number, size’, position, bending details and total
length of bent bars and stirrups; size, shape and spacing of bar supports;.
and any other special information necessary for proper fabncatiorl and
placement of the reinforcement ( see Fig. 3 ). Care shall be taken not to
omit any controlling dimension such as over-all len$h of the bar and height
of the bent bar and location of bar with respect to supporting members where
the bar is not placed symmetrically. The schedule should also include special
notes on bending and any special information, such as the requirement of
laps, two layers of steel.
5.11.3 Slabs - The reinforcement for slabs is generally indicated on the
plan, M.ith detail4 for the various types of bend bars shown in a schedLlle
; seeFig. 3 and 4 ). The schedule shall be similar to that for bars in beams,
esccIlt that the number of bars may also be obtained from the plan. Panels
exactly alike shall be given an identifying mark or SO specified in the schedule.

11
 - _-
Mark and Draw No. Bar Bar Bar Dctailcd ( Dimcnrioned ) Sketch Cutt- No. o f ’rota1
Location ing of TYP No. Size ing Bars No.
Of Refer Hem- Bar of
Member ence bcr (7) Lcng- MZ Bars
th bcr

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) x1 / x2 j x3 ] x4 1 ctc (8) (9) (10)

-I-
-- -- -- __
Sb 4 Floor Drg 2 43 25 - - - - - &Ocm 10 20 -
St QI
and 1 No.
Sb 6 stc..

-- -- -- __ --
-T-+- - .

4 75 16 200 8 32 -
Bt ilP
cm

-- -- -_ - -_- _- --
I
I -
and so no
I I - I
St = straight bars without hooh
Bt=baitbarwithhookotbothcnds

FIG. 3 TYPICAL !hHEDULE FOR BEAMS, %ABS AND COLD’bfNS

\
 Isr!b!m-I%@

mwmd6tffzmn
1cRuA1rCatDCMImQ)

12mm $I 61 @ 25cm (ALTERNATE END CRANKED)

FIG. 4 TYPICAL DETAILS OF SLAB REINFORCEMENT

IN
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
5.11.3.1 In skewed panels, .bars shall be fanned to maintain given
spacing in the mid span. Additional bars for reinforcing the openings
shall be as shown on plan ( see Fig. 5 ).
5.11.4 Walls-The reinforcement for walls shall be indicated on the
plan elevation and section with the details for various ‘types of bent bars
shown in schedule in a manner similar to that for beams and slabs.
5.11.5 Columns - The reinforcement for columns may be shown in a
column schedule ( see Fig. 3 ). When pedestals are used, they should be
included in the column schedule. Piles and pile caps should be treated
as separate units and separate .details or schedule.or both may be provided.
The main schedule may be supplemented with a smaller schedule for ties
and bent bars, diagrams showing the arrangement and bending of the ties,
and any special feature of the construction pertinent to the fabrication and
placing of the column reinforcement ( see Fig. 6 and 7 ). In case of rectan-
gular column the reinforcement details may be indicated with reference to
framing plan. In case of square columns designed for .building and axial
load with unequal reinforcement in two directions, detailed plan should be
given showing the reinforcement, the beams framing into the column, and
other salient reference lines, so that the bars are placed in correct places in
the pIane of bending.
‘3
 TRIYWINOeds
Al TOP *MD SOTtOM

OPEN

! C-+lOrnrn 9 0ARS
@UJOmm C/C
1,
somm--j
J /--50mm
-‘ti L
50 mm

5A

ADDITIONAL REINFORCINO
BARS

58

NOTE- Cross-sectional area of the extra bars p&cd parallel to principal reinlkce-
mcnt should bc at least equal to the area of principal reinforcement disturbed by tbe
opening.

5 TYPICAL REINFORCEMENT
DETAILSFOROPENINGSIN SLAB
14
 IS : 5525 - 1969
In addition to showing size and regular spacing of column ties, the
designer shall also show any additional ties required for special conditions
such as splices, offset-bends, ctc ( seeFig. 6 ).

(b)

SLO
106

(d) (0) (f)

FIG. 6 TYPICAL DETAILS OF COLUMN SPLICES
15
 IS:5525-lB69

5.11.6 DOW& and Bar &p~orts - Dowels and bar supports, spacer bur,
bar chairs, etc, should be specifically. listed on the structural drawing md
should be scheduled in that portion of the structure in which they are first
required so that they can be delivered with the reinforcement and are
available for placement at proper time. Footing dowels shall be scheduled
with footings rather than in column schedules.
5.11.7 Other Structures - On some types of structures, such as bridges,
tanks, sewers and conduits, and certain components of buildings, such as
stairs, special procedures may be used and adapted to the particular struc-
ture ( see Fig. 8 ). The principal object is to show the reinforcement in a
simple clear and easy manner. This may be accomplished by a small
detailed sketch of each bar or type of bar with a table of dimensions.

6. MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Congestion of steel should be avoided at points where members intersect.
It should be ensured that all reinforcement shown can be properly placed.
For example, at the intersection of a beam and girder, the beam bars should
be placed at a different elevation than those in the girder SO as to avoid
interference when the steel is being placed. Another very troublesome point
is the intersection of columns with beams and girders and a large-scale layout
detail should be shown on the drawing for guidance of steel setter (see
Fig. 9).
6.2 It should be ensured that hooked and bent bars can be placed in the form
work and have adequate concrete cover.
6.3 It should be ensured that the unusual bends shown in the drawing can
be made \vitll bending equipment normally available ( see IS : 2502-1963* ),

6.4 When a member has a break in its direction so thaL the reinforcement
in tension tends to’separate from the body of the concrete, special anchorage
shall be provided and shown in detail. Examples are the junction of
stairs and landings ( see Fig. 8 ) the sofit of a beam forming an angle,
inside corners of walls, and inside corners of rigid frames.
6.4.1 Where slabs frame flt@h with the bottom of upstand ,beams,
adequate reinforcement shall be provided to take care of extra tension.

6.5 \Vhcre the !engths of bars are not si~~~~l~rallyfired, such a$ fur tempera-
ture steel, slabs on ground and tie bars in tloor\ culvcrt~ and retaining walls,
stock lengths or lengths \\hirh C;LII IX CIII fr~ml \IOC~ length with a minimum
of waste should be used.
6.6 \Vhen larger diamctcr bars are required in columns or in beams, and
to avoid congestion they have to be rveldcd rather than lapped for splicing,
the method of welding should be specified as we11 as the location of the stag-
gered welds at heights or positions convenient for welding.
-
*Code of practice for bending and fixmg of bars for concrete reinforcement.

17
IS I 5525 - 1969

BA STRAIGHT STAIR FLIGHT

BB STRAIGHT STAIR FLIGHT WITH LANDING

BC STRAIGHT STAIR FLIGHT SUPPORTED ON BRICKWORK

FIG. TYPICAL DETAILSOFREINFORCEMENT INSTAIR FLKCMT
6.7 Splices - \Vhere beams or girders require bars longer than carried
in stock, the splicrs in the bars shall be made where the stress in the bar is
minimum, that is, at tilt point of inflection. Splices in bent bars can some-
times be avoided by using straight top and bottom bars, though bent bars
aid in carrying diagonal tension.
18
 ENLARGED ENLARGED ENLARGED
SECTION XX SECTION VV SECTION 22

FIG. 9 TYPICAL REINFORCEMENTDETAILS AT JUNCTIONOF

COLUMNAND BEAM
Splices shall be staggered and shall be made by lapping, welding or other
positive connections. Lap splices should, however, not be used for 45 mm
and 50 mm deformed bars in tension. Splices shall be avoided where the
critical design stress is tensile. Lapped bars, if used, may be either in
contact or separated.
6.7.1 Lap @Aces - Since the strength of a lap splice does not increase
directly with the length of lap, but varies with bar diameter, concrete
strength, position of the bar, distance from other bars, and type of stress
( compression or tension ), it is necessary for the designer to show length and
location of all lap splices.
6.7.1.1 At splice points, sufficient bars ( or dowels ) from the lower
column shall extend into the upper column to provide not legs t/la11 the
sectional area of the bars in the upper column. These bars shall cxtcnd
at leapt the minimum distance required for column splices. The remaining
bars in the lower column shall extend to within 75 mm of the top of the
floor, or to within 75 mm of the top of other member transmitting the
additional load to the column.
6.7.1.2 Where the tops of column bars arc less than I.8 m above
the top of footings or pedestals, the bars shall extend into the footing or pedes-
tal, and dowels shall not be used unk~s specifically indicated by the designer.
6.7.1.3 Dowels shall have a cross-sectional area at least equal to that
of the bars above and they shall extend both above and below the points

19
Is: 5525 - 1969

splice the minimum distance required for splices. The minimum length of
lap shall be based on the size of the largest bar in the column above the
splices.
6.7.1.4 Where the depth of the footing, or footing and pedestal
combined, is less than the minimum length of embedment required for
dowels of the desired size, the size or number of dowels shall be increased and
shown on design drawings. In exceptional cases, hooks at the bottom of the
bar% may be desirable to resist tension, but the length of bars in any such
hook shall not be considered in determining the bond area provided for
compression.
6.7.1.5 The use of a tier of columns one above the other is rare in bridge
construction, but when used, the practice described above should apply.
6.7.2 Butt S‘lim - Reinforcing bar butt splices may be made by arc
welding, fusion welding, or using positive connection ( mechanical connec-
tions ). The properties of these connectors, and the reinforcing bar and
preparation requirements vary with the type of connection used. It is
important that the designer should specify the type of connection which
will meet the design requirements ( see IS : 456- 1964* and IS : 273 l-1 966t ) .
6.7.2.1 Details of the more commonly used types of butt joint splices
are shown in Fig. 10. On the drawings and on orders to the fabricating
shop, the designer shall clearly show the reinforcing bar and preparation,
the method of welding and details of positive connections, when used. In
cases where material is ordered cut to length from the mill, consideration
should be given while ordering length to allow for re-cutting by the fabricat-
ing shop.
-TWO ADDITIONAL
SETSDF TYPICAL
TIES PROVIDED
AT EACH END

10A POSITIVE CONNECTION 1OB WELDED SPLICE

FIG. 10 TYPICAL DETAILS OF BUTT SPLICES

6.8 Dowels - Dowels may be necessary for splicing column bars or whew
the concreting for part of the structure.is delayed, or be+een Various, units

*Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( second rerision).

t(k& of practice for welding of mild steel bars used for reinforced concrete constructiori.

20
of structure. Dowels should always be detailed first so that they will be
delivered to the job at the proper time. Except for special cases in columns,
dowels shall be of the same number, size, and grade as the bars joined and
shall be of sufficient length to splice with the main bars.
6.9 Z,ossgitssdissal Reinforcement fo? Column -Where a column at a
particular floor is smaller ( in cross-sectton ) than the column immediately
below it, the vertical bars from the lower column shall be offset to come
within the upper column, or dowels shall be used. The slope of the inclined
portion shall not exceed 1 in 6 ( see Fig. 6 ). In detailing offset column
bars, a bar diameter should be added to the desired offset; and in the
corners of square columns, the bars should be offset on the diagonal.
6.9.1 Longitudinal reinforcement bars in squarer or rectangular columns
should be offset bent into the column above. Longitudinal re-inforcing bars
in round columns where columns size is not changed should be offset bent if
maximum number of bars are desired in the column above. General
practice is to sketch the offset for, the corner bars which should be bent
diagonally and make this the typical offset dimension for all the bars in
the column.
6.9.2 For any offset between column faces up to a maximum of 75 mm
the longitudinal bars should be offset bent. When the offset exceeds
75 mm, the longitudinal bars in the column below should be terminated at the
floor slab and separate dowels used.
6.9.2.1 Where upstand beam is not provided, the height of the column
equal to 75 mm above the floor level should be cast along with the lower
column.
6.9.3 When the bar arrangement changes between floors, bars may
extend through, stop off, or require separate dowels. Each situation requires
its own solution. Steel equal in area and bond capacity to that in the
column above shall be extended.
6.9.3.1 Column bars shall be spliced at the top of upstand beams rather
than at floor level.
6.9.4 Where column verticals are offset bent, additional ties shall be
provided and placed not more than eight bar diameters from the point
of bend. For practical purposes, three closely spaced ties are usually used,
one of which may be part of the regularly spaced ties plus two extra ties,
The designer should indicate the general arrangements of vertical bars and
all tie requirements.
6.9.5 Welded splices or other positive connections may be used as butt
splices for vertical column bars instead of lapped splices.- For bars of size
32 mm and above such splices or connections may be used to avoid overcrowd-
ing of the bars due to the extremely long laps which would otherwise be
required. Special preparation of the ends of the vertical bars is usually

21
IS : 5525 - 1969

required. Where bars are arc welded, the most common practice is to pro-
vide a square-cut end at the top and a double bevelled end on the bottom of
the upper bar to rest on the square-cut end. This permits filling the resulting
space with weld metal to develop the splice ( see Fig. 10 ). Where a welded
sleeve or mechanical device is used both ends of the bar may be either uare
cut or standard-shear cut, depending on the type of connection used. 2 ince
the points of splice are usually staggered between alternate vertical bars and
the splice location will depend upon the design requirements, the designer
should indicate the types of splices permissible and their location ( see IS :
456-1964’ and IS : 2751-1966t).
6.10 Lateral Reiriforcement for Columns - The arrangement of lateral
ties and spirals shall conform to the requirements of IS : 456-1964* and
shall be adequately illustrated and detailed. Typical arrangement of ties
for various numbers of longitudinal bars are shown in Fig. 7. If access to the
interior of a column or pier is necessary some pattern of ties may be substi-
tuted provided the tie arrangement conforms to the requirements of IS :
456-1964*. The arrangement should preferably be such as to leave the
inside core area of the column free from maze of intersecting ties.
6.10.1 Bundled bars shall be tied, wired, or otherwise fastened to ensure,
that they remain in position. End-bearing compression splices will be held
concentric, all bundles of column verticals will be held by additional ties at
each side of end-bearing splices, and any short splice bars added for tension
should be tied as part of the bundle within the limit of four bars to a bundle.
A corner of a tie should be provided at each bundle.

6.11 Spiral Reinforcement

6.11.1 General- Spirals, whether in building or in bridges shall be
provided with one and one-half extra turns at both top and bottom, Where
necessary to splice the spiral it shall be done by shop welding or by a lap
of one and one-half turns. Where a spiral cannot be furnished in one piece
it may be furnished in two or more sections by providing one and one-half
turns at each of the ends of each section to be Iapped in the field. The
sections shall be properly identified by mark .numbers to ensure proper
assembly.
6.11.1.1 The height ( or length ) of a spiral is defined as the distance
out-to-out of coils including the finishing turns at top and bottom with a
tolerance of f40 mm. The maximum length of spacers shall be that of the
spiral plus one pitch.
6.11.2 Columns - Unless otherwise specially provided, spirals shall be
detailed as extending from the floor level or top of footing or pedestal to the
*Code of practice for plain and reinforcedconcrete ( second mision ).
t&de of practice for welding of mild steel ban used for reinforced concrete
conStruction.

22
 IS : 5525- 1969

level of the lowest horizontal reinforcement in the slab, drop panel, or beam
above. In a column with a capital, it shall extend to the plane at which the
diameter or width of the capital is twice that of the column. If the design
requires lateral reinforcement in the column between the top of the main
spiral and the floof level above, it shall be provided by a stub spiral ( short
section of spiral ) or by circular column ties! This is necessary to permit
placing of the reinforcement in the floor system. Where stub spirals are used,
they should be attached to the main spiral for transportation or carefully
identified by bar type numbers.

6.11.3 Piles - The most common use of spirals is in reinforced concrete

piles. They restrain the longitudinal bars during driving of the pile and
support the structural loads. Piling spirals are generally furnished formed to
the required diameter and with the proper number of turns, but unmounted,
that is without rigid spacers to hold the spirals to a designated pitch. The
spiral is tied and transported in a compact bundle. On the job it is untied and
pulled out over the longitudinal piling bars for the proper specified distance.
It is then tied to the longitudinal bars at the required pitch. The diameter
varies with each turn. Two types of spiral are fabricated, the circular spiral
for round or octagonal piles and the square spiral for square piles. Spirals
may be supplied in two or more pieces. The tapered spiral is always fur-
nished separately and the constant shaped spiral may be furnished in more
than one piece to suit the length of spiral stock available or the fabricator’s
equipment. Unless the separate pieces contain the same number of turns,
they should be carefully marked to ensure proper placing. At least one and
one-half extra turns of spiral should be provided at the ends of each section
of spiral and the extra turns from one section lapped into that of the adjoin-
ing section.

6.11.3.1 Spirals are also used in circular caissons, columns of conti-

nuous bents for viaducts, columns over arches, and other special cases.
When thus used, they are generally mounted on spaces to hold the spiral
firmly in place at the desired pitch during placing of the concrete.

6.12 Edge Beams - Where the designer shows stirrups in any edge or
spandrel beam, these stirrups shall be closed and at least one longitudinal
bar shall be located in each corner of the beam section, the size of this bar
to be at least equal to the diameter of the stirrup but not less than 12 mm 4.
These details shall be clearly indicated by the designer. Typical details
are shown in Fig. 11 for normal and upturned edge or spandrel beams.
For easier placing of the longitudinal bars in the beam, details for two-
piece closed stirrups are also shown. For the same reason, the 90”
stirrup hook is referred ( see Fig. 11 ). The designer should show the general
arrangement. o P all such bars and stirrups.

6.13 Wall Inttrstttions and Corntro - Horizontal wall reinforcement

may be required by the designer to resist moment, shear, or merely changes
in length due to temperature or shrinkage. In any case, unless the designer

23
IS : 5525- 1969

120 MIN BARS CONTINUOUS

.-24d--r EXCEPT WHEN SPLICED TO
OTHER TOP STEEL. THESE
(300 MINI
cm-d BARS SHALL BE OF SAME
4LL STIRRUPS IN EDGE SIZE AS STIRRUPS IF STIRRUPS
BEAM SHALL BE CLOSED-0 ARE LARGER THAN 126
u
CORNER EARS SHALL BE PROPERLY
ANCHORED AT SUPPORTS

STIRRUPS AS CLOSED TIE

STANDARD 98 HOOK
EXTENSION = 12 d

\-I70 MN _. - CONTINUOUS
RARS --
WHEN SPLiCED TO

AS STANDARD 9; SftRRUp
HOOK EXTENSION = 6d

SflRRUPS AND TOP BARS

FORM CLOSED fl E

w
129 MN BARS CONTlNUOUS m
~CEPT WHEN SPLICED I ‘STRAGHT BAR SPLICE ;
OTHER TOP SFEEL- LAP LENGTH SPECIFIED
BY DESIGNER
WHERE REQUIRED BY DESIGNER-\

t-l LCORNER BARS SHALL BE

PROPERLY ANCHORED AT
SUPPORtS

TWO-PIECE STIRRUPS FORM CLOSED T+E

All dimensions in millimetra.

Fro. 11 TYPICAL DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENTIN EDGE AND

SPANDREL B~lua

24
 I9 : 5525 - 1969

indicates a shrinkage control joint at this point, all the horizontal bars in one
or sometimes both faces of a wall should be sufficiently extended past a
corner or intersection to be fully developed ( see Fig. 12 ). Nevertheless
it is necessary for the designer to indicate which, if any, horizontal reinforce-
ment should be extended for full development at intersections and corners
of walls and footings. Typical details are shown in Fig. 12 for resistance
against moment inward, outward, or both, with the reinforcement from the
appropriate face or faces anchored.

lo+@1 150
c/c a;2
04
Ii II
40 #
c/c ai

10 #J @
Q 130

130
I-F
2 a3
Q4
al 3 10 # 40
@ 150
$ @
c/c a5
130

c/c a3 c/c a2
ak

12A TYPICAL CORNER

12 d MIN
10 4 @ 130

LIO # @ 130 .-lb, c/c a5

4 T
-‘
c/c a4 %
2
-1

a5
3 10 (p a?150
12 4 Q 150
a5
c/c a2

L 128 TYPICAL
c/c a5

INTERSECTION
a2
ii.+~
DETAILS

Fm. 12 TYPICAL CORNER AND INTERSECTION

DETAILSFOR WALLS

7. WELDED WIRE FABRIC

7.1 General - Welded wire fabric is either oblong mesh or square mesh
and is supplied in either rolls or flat sheets. The details regarding material,

25
lst5525-1969

types and designation, dimensions, sizes of sheets or rolls, weight, tolerances,

mechanical properties, etc, are covered in IS : 1566-1967*.
7.2 Designation - Welded wire fabric should be designated as recommend-
ed in IS : 1566-1967*, that is either by complete description of the fabric
sp,ecifying the desired mesh size and diameter of both longitudinal and
transverse wires, or by the reference number of the mesh as indicsted in
Appendix A of IS : 1566-1967*. While denoting size of sheet or roll of
oblong mesh fabric the first dimension shall be length of main wires.
7.3 Detailing
7.3.1 To ensure that correct size of fabric is laid in right direc!Ion, small
sketches should be insertedon the plan to indicate the direction ofspan of the
fabric. Details at A and B in Fig. 13 will indicate square and oblong welded
wire fabric respectively in plan view of slab.

A I3
FIG. 13 WELDED WIRE FABRIC IN PLAN VIEW OF SLAB

7.3.2 The actual position of the welded wire fabric sheet in slab panels
may be shown by a diagonal line together with the description of the mesh
used. Bottom sheets should be shown with ,diagonal drawn from bottom left-
hand corner to the top right-hand corner. Top sheets should be shown from
top left-hand corner to the bottom right-hand corner. A scheduie may also
be included, in the structural drawing indicating the mesh sizes and length
and width, and cutting details for welded wire fabric sheets for different slab
panels. A typical plan and schedule is given in Fig. 14 and Fig. 15.
7.4 LAPS
7.4.1 The fabric is supphed in long rolls and it is rarely necessary to have
a joint of the main wires. The rigidly connected cross members provide
mechanical anchorage, and adequate lapping where necessary, may be
accomplished with a comparatively short lap when cross wires occur within _
the lap.
7.G In structural slabs, laps in regions of maximum stress shall be avoid-
ed. Such splices where used for either end or edge laps, shall be made
so that the distance between outermost cross wire of each fabric sheet is
not less than the spacing of the wire parallel to the lap plus 50 mm ( see
Fig. 16A ).
*Specification for hard-drawn rteel wire fabric for concrete reinforcement.

26
 II KI
1 I p3
_-__-x_

_____ ---__-- ____ ----_

-.-------------+
1

L--:,:.SECT,;f;
L-4---_-----_____

J t I J1l
I 2740 -

Fabric placed at bottom

Fabric placed at top
All dimcnsionr in millimctrcs.
Fro. 14 PLAN S~IOWINGTYPICAL DETAILS OF WELDED WIRE FABRIC
AT TOP AND BOTTOMOF SLAB
27
 7.4.3 In other cases for end laps, vvelded wire fabric shall be lapped not
less than one mesh plus 50 mm, that is, the length of the lap shall be 50 mm
greater than the spacing of wires parallel to the lap ( see Fig. 16B ). For
edge laps, a lap of 50 mm is sufficient ( see Fig. 16C ).
MESH + 50mm+ 2 END OVERHpNGS,
LAP TIP TO’ TIP OF WIRE

16A MORE THAN HALF STRESS END AND EDGE LAPS

16B HALF STRESS END LAP

16C HALF STRESS EDGE LAP

FIG. 16 TYPICAL DETAILS FOR LAPS IN WELDED WIRE FABRIC

7.4.4 These requirements for lapping should be covered by suitable

clauses in the general specifications. But whether specified by wording or
shown on the plans, certain distinctions should be made between edge laps
and “ end laps “.
7.4.5 The width of an edge lap shall be indicated as the centre to centre
distance between the out\ide or selvage longitudinal wires of the overlapping
sheets as illustrated in Fig. 16.
7.4.6 The length of an end lap shall be indicated as the tip-to-tip distance
between the ends of the longitudinal wires of the overlapping sheets as
illustrated in Fig. 16.

29
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