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Sarf 2 - Lesson 1 - The 4 Letter Verb

This document discusses two types of verbs in Arabic: original verbs and derived verbs. Original verbs have only their root letters, and can be 3 or 4 letters. Derived verbs have extra letters added to the root, making them 4 letters or longer. The document provides examples of each. It also discusses 3-letter verbs that have one extra letter added, categorizing them into three chapters based on the form of the derived verb. In summary, the document outlines the two main categories of verbs in Arabic and provides examples and classification of derived forms.

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UmmuYusuf Iman Grajo
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830 views

Sarf 2 - Lesson 1 - The 4 Letter Verb

This document discusses two types of verbs in Arabic: original verbs and derived verbs. Original verbs have only their root letters, and can be 3 or 4 letters. Derived verbs have extra letters added to the root, making them 4 letters or longer. The document provides examples of each. It also discusses 3-letter verbs that have one extra letter added, categorizing them into three chapters based on the form of the derived verb. In summary, the document outlines the two main categories of verbs in Arabic and provides examples and classification of derived forms.

Uploaded by

UmmuYusuf Iman Grajo
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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V

The 4-letter verB


Verbs are generally of two (2) kinds:

1. One that has ORGINAL letters only which is called ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺠﺮ‬


 ‫ﻣ‬ . It literally means “stripped off”
or “free”. A letter that is of this kind is free from having extra letters.

a. 3-letter verb e.g ‫ﺐ‬


 ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ ﹶﺫ‬, ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺧ‬
b. 4-letter verb e.g. ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ (to roll e.g. roll a stone), ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ (whisper)
2. One that has EXTRA letters which is called ‫ﻴﻪ‬‫ﺪ ﻓ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﹺﻳ‬ . These verbs may either be 4, 5 or 6
letters and means any of the following:

• a 3-letter verb having ONE extra letter added to it making it a 4-letter verb e.g. ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ‬
(was generous)
• a 3-letter verb having TWO extra letters added to it making it a 5-letter verb e.g.

‫ﺐ‬
 ‫ﻧ ﹶﻘﹶﻠ‬‫ﺍ‬ ( turned over)
• a 3-letter verb having THREE extra letters added to it making it a 6-letter verb e.g.

‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺨ‬
 ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ (extracted)
• a 4-letter verb having ONE extra letter added to it making it a 5-letter verb e.g.

‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ [meaning not given yet]

The 3-letter verb with ONE letter added to it is of THREE (3) Chapters: ( ، ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﺼﺪﺭ & ﻣ‬‫) ﻣ‬

1. Chapter One: ‫ ﺇﻓﹾﻌﺎ ﹰﻻ‬،‫ﻌﻞﹸ‬ ‫ﻳ ﹾﻔ‬ ،‫ﻌﻞﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓ‬


2. Chapter Two: ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻴ ﹰ‬‫ﺗ ﹾﻔﻌ‬ ،‫ﻌﻞﹸ‬ ‫ﻳ ﹶﻔ‬ ،‫ﻌﻞﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬
3. Chapter Three: ‫ﻋﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ‬ ‫ﻣ ﹶﻔﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﻞﹸ‬ ‫ﻳ ﹶﻔﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﻞﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺎ‬
My Notes in Sarf 2 – Bintu Jose as-Salafiyyah # 1

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