EUROVENT 2/3 - 1996

SHEET METAL AIR DUCTS STANDARD FOR DIMENSIONS

EUROVENT 2/3 - 1996

SHEET METAL AIR DUCTS STANDARD FOR DIMENSIONS

EUROVENT 2/3

Second edition 1996

Published by EUROVENTICECOMAF 15 rue Montorgueil

F-75001 PARIS

Tel 33 1 40 26 00 85 Fax 33 1 40 26 01 26

FOREWORD

The present document gives recommendations on dimensions of ducts with circular and rectangular cross sections. The previous edition published in 1993 based on various national, manufacturers or contractor standards was used as a basic document for the preparation of the European Standards in the CENfTC 156. The relevant European Standards:

- pr EN 1505 : Sheet metal air ducts and fittings with rectangular cross section

- pr EN 1506 : Sheet metal air ducts and fittings with circular cross section

are expected to be published in 1997.

This second edition of the EUROVENT 2/3 is in full accordance with these European Standards.

In addition to the standardised dimensions the fundamental factors affecting the choice of dimension steps and a number of diagrams intended to facilitate the use of standardised duct dimensions in practical design work are presented.

Dimensions of fittings are given in the EUROVENT 2/4.

2

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITIONS ..............••....................................•..•....•..........................................................•..•..... 3

1.1 - NOMINAL SIZE 3

1.2 - EFFECTIVE LENGTH L. 3

1.3- CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA Ac 3

1.4 - DUCT SURFACE AREA A, 3

1.5 - ASPECT RATIO FOR DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION K. 5

1.6 - HYDRAULIC DIAMETER DH ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5 1.7 - EQUIVALENT DIAMETER DE ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5

1.8 - TOLERANCE 6

1.9 - CLEARANCE (FOR DUCT CONNECTIONS) 6

2. STANDARDISATION OF DUCT DIMENSIONS ............•..........•.....•..•................•.....•..•..••...•.•.•...... 6

3. BASIS OF THE STANDARD .•.•......•.................•.•.......•...•.•......•....••.......•..•.............•..•.•..•.....•..•..•.• 7

3.1 - STANDARD FOR DIMENSIONING OF DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION 7

3.2 - STANDARD FOR DIMENSIONING OF DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION 8

4. STANDARDISED DIMENSIONS AND DATA ....•.••...•..•...••.....•.•...........•....•..............•.•...••.•.•.......... 9

4.1 - STANDARDISED DIMENSIONS AND DATA FOR DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-

SECTION 9

5. SELECTION OF DUCTS 10

6. TOLERANCES AND CLEARANCE 10

6.1 - TOLERANCES FOR DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION 10

6.2 - CLEARANCE FOR DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION 1 0

6.3 - TOLERANCES FOR DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION 10

7. TABLES AND FIGURES 11

3

1. DEFINITIONS

1.1 - NOMINAL SIZE

The nominal size is the reference dimension used for the purpose of designation, calculation and application of ducts.

For practical purposes the nominal size is given in mm.

For ducts with circular cross-section the nominal size d is the internal diameter of the duct.

For ducts with rectangular cross-section the nominal size is the internal dimension of the duct.

There are two dimensions a and b :

a = the long side of the duct b = the short side of the duct

1.2 - EFFECTIVE LENGTH L

Length by which the duct contributes to the length of the air distribution system.

1.3- CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA Ac

For ducts with circular cross-section the cross-sectional area Ac is equal to : s; = 7Z~e . 10-6 (m2)

For ducts with rectangular cross-section the cross-sectional area Ac is equal to :

Ac = ab . 10-6 (m2)

1.4 - DUCT SURFACE AREA A

Duct surface area Ai is the product of the internal perimeter and the duct length. For ducts with circular cross-section the duct surface area per meter length is :

A= xd , 10-3 (m2l

4

For ducts with rectangular cross-section the duct surface area per meter length is :

A;= 2 (a+b) . 10.3 m2

1.5· ASPECT RATIO FOR DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS·SECTION k

The aspect ratio k is the ratio between the sides a and b :

k- ~ - b

1.6· HYDRAULIC DIAMETER dh

The hydraulic diameter dh for a duct is that diameter of a circular duct which will cause the same pressure drop at equal air velocity *.

If the friction coefficients for the ducts are equal then: 4( cross-sectional area)

dh = (international perimeter)

For ducts with circular cross-section the hydraulic diameter d, is equal to the nominal size d of the duct.

For ducts with rectangular cross section the hydraulic diameter dh is : d = 2 ab (mm)

h a+b

1.7· EQUIVALENT DIAMETER de

The equivalent diameter de for a duct is that diameter of a circular duct, which will cause the same pressure drop at equal air flow and at equal friction coefficients.

* Air velocity v (in mls) is given by v = q/Ac where q is the volume air flow rate (in m3/s) and A, is the cross-sectional area (in m2)

5

For ducts with circular cross-section the equivalent diameter de is equal to the nominal size d of the duct.

For ducts with rectangular cross-section and with an aspect ratio of t $ 4. the equivalent diameter de is :

_L JrLn(l+a)l+n In-S

d. = 2b (~) b J mm

where n '"

l.OS.logRe-O.4S

1.8 - TOLERANCE

The tolerance is the difference between the upper and lower limits of size for a given nominal dimension (see figure 1).

1.9 - CLEARANCE (for duct connections)

Clearance is the actual dimensional difference between size of a female connector or duct and of a male connector (see fig. 1).

2. STANDARDISATION OF DUCT DIMENSIONS

To facilitate an industrialised building process building components have to be dimensionally standardised.

As a basis for this standardisation ISO recommendations R 1789, R 1790, R 1791, R 1040 (1+2) and R 1006 are being used. In R 1006 the basic module M (=100 mm) is recommended as the intemational standard.

- Reynolds'number Re = v. DtJv

where v = the kinematic viscosity (m2/s) dh = the hydraulic diameter (m)

v = the mean air velocity (m/s)

6

Many components of an air duct system (such as air terminal devices and heat exchangers) are directly connected to the building structure and are adapted to the bacis module of M, consequently so also are duct dimensions.

In this standard the basic module M has been used for ducts with rectangular cross-section, although for some installations such as mounting over false ceilings the step 0,5 M has been introduced for duct dimensions smaller than 300 mm.

Spaces and holes in structural work are also given dimensions in increments of M.

For ducts of circular cross-section the module 11 has been used for spaces and holes in structural work. The recommended nominal diameters d have because of common usage been chosen from the Renard series R 10 with a base of 100 mm. The additional sizes have mostly been chosen from the Renard series R 20.

3. BASIS OF THE STANDARD

3.1 - STANDARD FOR DIMENSIONING OF DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS· SECTION

The standard for dimensioning of ducts with circular cross-section has been established in accordance with existing European standard pr EN 1506

The standard for recommended sizes is based on the Renard series R 10 which has a ratio between consecutive diameters of 1,25.

The additional sizes except size 150 and 300 are based on R 20, which has a ratio between consecutive diameters of 1,125.

7

Basic size for the series is d = M(100 mm). The nominal diameter is within the range of 63 ::; d ::; 1,250 mm •

i.e. at values of Ac within a range of 0,0031 m2 to 1,2300 m2.

3.2 - STANDARD FOR DIMENSIONING OF DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION

The standard for dimensioning of ducts with rectangular cross-section has been established in accordance with the European standard pr EN 1505.

The standard for dimensioning of ducts with rectangular cross-section is applicable for ducts with nominal sizes within the range of :

200::; a s 2,000 mm 100::; b s 1,200 mm

and an aspect ratio of k ::; 4,

i.e. at values of Ac within a range of 0,02 m2 to 2,40 m2 .r:

By considering the different ways of installating duct systems and the requirement for a reasonable number of duct sizes, the standard has been based on the following:

3.2.1 - For each value of cross-sectional area Ac within the range of 0.88 Ac to 1.12 Ac at least three different duct aspect ratios shall exist ••• (see fig. 4)

For small ducts where Ac < 0,04 m2, the number of ducts has been reduced because in this case circular ducts are more often used .

• Sizes of ducts with larger dimensions than given above should preferably be based on R 20

- Sizes for ducts with larger dimensions than given above should preferably be based on multiples of M .

••• A decrease of 12% of the cross-sectional area in a fitting will by a corresponding increase of the air velocity cause an increase of approximately 3 dB in sound pressure level.

8

3.2.2 - For each height b, at least four cross-sectional areas Ac shall exist (see fig. 5)

In table 4 the number of long sides (a) and the relationship between the largest and smallest cross-sectional areas for a given short side (b) according to the standard are shown.

4. STANDARDISED DIMENSIONS AND DATA

4.1 - STANDARDISED DIMENSIONS AND DATA FOR DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION

Nominal diameter d, cross-sectional area Ac and duct surface area Ai are given in table 1 and figure 2. *

4.2 - STANDARDISED DIMENSIONS AND DATA FOR DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION

Duct dimensions a and b, cross-sectional area Ac and duct surface area Ai are given in table 3 and figure 6. **

Hydraulic diameters dh for the ducts (included in the standard) are given in figure 9. Equivalent diameters de for the ducts are given in figure 10 .

• Should smaller steps be needed the following intermediate nominal dimensions shall be used: 71, 90, 112, 140, 180, 224 and 280 mm .

.. In normal cases the dimensional steps given are sufficient. Should there be a need for smaller steps these should be half the steps given in this EUROVENT Recommendation with a minimum step of 100 mm.

9

5. SELECTION OF DUCTS

A choice of duct dimensions with respect to total costs may be made with the aid of figure 3 for ducts with circular cross-section and figure 8 for ducts with rectangular cross-section. Additional sizes should be avoided.

Considerations should be given to the «economic range of air velocities» in the ducts which will depend on installation costs and running costs.

6. TOLERANCES AND CLEARANCE

6.1 - TOLERANCES FOR DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION

The accuracy of manufacture for ducts and fittings (spigots and sockets) with reference to the nominal diameter d is given in table 2.

For each duct dimension the tolerance zone for both the duct and fitting is equal except when d ~ 800 mm.

6.2 - CLEARANCE FOR DUCTS WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION

Minimum diametrical clearance is a constant of 0,7 mm.

6.3 - TOLERANCES FOR DUCTS WITH RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION

The tolerance is a constant of 0/-4 mm.

The tolerance of the length L of a straight duct is 0,005 L.

10

7. TABLES AND FIGURES

Table 1 Ducts with circular cross-section, standardised dimensions

Nominal diameter Cross-sectional area Duct surface area
mm m2 m2/mm
Recommended sizes
63 3,12.10'" 0,197
80 5,03. 10" 0,251
100 7,85.10'" 0,314
125 12,3.10'" 0,393
160 20,1 . 10'" 0,502
200 31,4.10'" 0,628
250 49,1 .10'" 0,785
315 77,9.10"" 0,990
400 0,126 1,26
500 0,196 1,57
630 0,312 1,98
800 0,503 2,51
1000 0,785 3,14
1250 1,23 3,93
Additional sizes
150 17,7.10'" 0,421
300 70,7.10'" 0,943
355 98,9. 10" 1,11
450 0,159 1,41
560 0,246 1,76
710 0,396 2,23
900 0,636 2,83
1120 0,985 3,52 11

Table 2 - Ducts and fittings with circular cross section, tolerances and clearance

d B C D1 D2 E F G H
Recommended sizes in mm
63 0,7 1,7 0,5 0,5 61,87 62,3 63,0 63,5
80 0,7 1,7 0,5 0,5 78,8 79,3 80,0 80,5
100 0,7 1,7 0,5 0,5 98,8 99,3 100,0 100,5
125 0,7 1,7 0,5 0,5 123,8 124,3 125,0 125,5
160 0,7 1,9 0,6 0,6 158,7 159,3 160,0 160,6
200 0,7 2,1 0,7 0,7 198,6 199,3 200,0 200,7
250 0,7 2,3 0,8 0,8 248,5 249,3 250,0 250,8
315 0,7 2,5 0,9 0,9 313,4 314,3 315,0 315,9
400 0,7 2,7 1,0 1,0 398,3 399,3 400,0 401,0
500 0,7 2,9 1,1 1,1 498,2 499,3 500,0 501,1
630 0,7 3,1 1,2 1,2 628,1 629,3 630,0 631,2
800 0,7 3,6 1,3 1,6 798,0 799,3 800,0 801,6
1000 0,7 4,1 1,4 2,0 997,9 999,3 1000,0 1002,0
1250 0,7 4,7 1,5 2,5 1247,8 1249,3 1250,0 1252,5
Additional sizes in mm
150 0,7 1,9 0,6 0,6 148,7 149,3 150,0 150,6
300 0,7 2,5 0,9 0,9 298,4 299,3 300,0 300,9
355 0,7 2,7 1,0 1,0 353,3 354,3 355,0 356,0
450 0,7 2,9 1,1 1,1 448,2 449,3 450,0 451,1
560 0,7 3,1 1,2 1,2 558,1 559,3 560,0 561,2
710 0,7 3,5 1,3 1,6 708,0 709,0 710,0 711,5
900 0,7 4,1 1,4 2,0 897,9 899,3 900,0 902,0
1120 0,7 4,7 1,5 2,5 1117,8 1119,3 1120,0 1122,5 12

Figure 1 - Ducts and fittings with circular cross section, tolerances and clearance

, r

I (

0, · •

c

d Nominal diameter

B Minimum diameteral clearance

C Maximum diameteral clearance

D1 Tolerance of the diameter of the male end

D2 Tolerance of the diameter of the female end

E Minimum diameter of the male end

F Maximum diameter of the male end

G Minimum diameter of the female end

H Maximum diameter of the female end

13

Table 3 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: standardised dimensions

14

Figure 2 - Ducts with circular cross-section: duct surface area Ai and cross-section Ac

as a function of nominal diameter d.
A- mL}n
,
nYT1 0.05 0.1 0,2 0,5 5 10 20
1500
?
/
o::XJ /
/
Ai / /
/
/
500 /
/ Ac
t /
d ,.-
/
/'
/
200 /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
.-
50
0,002 OOOS 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 02 0.5 2
Ac- m2
-
Figure 3 - Ducts with circular cross-section: air velocity v as a function of air flow
rate qnom and diameter d 2Om,!s

~~ Y! / / / /

t ~ o~ ,/ / 7
... '¥'1 /
v _ ,0 V / / '7 -~ / /
5 <¥ '" iY" / / / y-, ~ /' 7 / / /
~
/ / 7 ~"JI / / \/ , j '/ / /
/ / L / ~ ;y, -/ / / / Y or .J /
// / / ~/ / r V / ~/1/ '7'; v
2 / / r J Vi
/ VV ,1/ / V l7' o~ -- / /
v /V V Vv 1/ v V v- / v Y ~ry .tl) V
1 V' / -ji'
0.01 0.02 0,05 0,1 02 0.5 1 2 5 rrT'fs1O
Gno-n- 15

Figure 4 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: number n of ducts with different aspect ratios as a function of Poe

4

-
~- -
f--- r-- ,------- -
- -~ -
I- r-- r-- -
I-- -
J - 2

o 0,01

0,02

0,05

0,1

02

0,5

2

m2 5

Figure 5 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: relation between band Ac for normalised values of a

t

b

2 3 m2

16

Figure 6 _ Ducts with rectangular cross-section: cross-sectional area Ac as a function of the values of a and b

mm

500

1

200

100

500

1000

2000 mm

a-

17

Figure 7 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: air velocity v as a function of air flow qnom and duct dimensions b x a.

v

Table 4 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: number of values possibles and ratio between the largest values of a

Value ofb Number of values possible Ratio between the largest
of a values of a
100 4 2
150 6 3
200 7 4
250 7 4
300 7 4
400 8 4
500 9 4
600 8 3 1/3
800 7 2 1/2
1000 6 2
1200 5 12/3 Figure 8 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: hydraulic diameter dh

Figure 9 - Ducts with rectangular cross-section: equivalent diameter

where n", ------ 1,05 log Re - 0,45

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