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SQL

The document shows SQL commands used to create a MARKLIST table, add and modify columns, add constraints, insert and update data. Errors occurred when trying to add check constraints referencing other columns or using incorrect syntax. The DEPT column was successfully added with a default value. Data was inserted into the table and later updated by increasing the TAMIL column values.

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Radhakrishnan__7263
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
214 views

SQL

The document shows SQL commands used to create a MARKLIST table, add and modify columns, add constraints, insert and update data. Errors occurred when trying to add check constraints referencing other columns or using incorrect syntax. The DEPT column was successfully added with a default value. Data was inserted into the table and later updated by increasing the TAMIL column values.

Uploaded by

Radhakrishnan__7263
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL> SELECT * FROM marklist;

rollno english tamil maths remark


---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
1 50 40 60 average
2 70 80 60 good
3 90 80 95 v good
4 30 40 20 bad
5 50 60 45 average
6 23 36 87 bad
7 67 89 57 good
8 90 85 98 v good
9 50 60 40 average
10 100 75 80 v good

10 rows selected.

SQL> ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), DEFAULT 'EEE');


ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), DEFAULT 'EEE')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: : invalid identifier

SQL> ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), [DEFAULT 'EEE']);


ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), [DEFAULT 'EEE'])
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: : invalid identifier

SQL> ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), DEFAULT 'EEE');


ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), DEFAULT 'EEE')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: : invalid identifier

SQL> ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), "DEFAULT" 'eee');


ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15), "DEFAULT" 'eee')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00902: invalid datatype

SQL> ALTER TABLE marklist ADD("DEPT" varchar(15));


Table altered.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> SELECT * FROM marklist;

rollno english tamil maths remark DEPT


---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------- ---------------
1 50 40 60 average
2 70 80 60 good
3 90 80 95 v good
4 30 40 20 bad
5 50 60 45 average
6 23 36 87 bad
7 67 89 57 good
8 90 85 98 v good
9 50 60 40 average
10 100 75 80 v good

10 rows selected.

SQL> alter table <table>


2 add(<column> <data type> [default <value>] [<column constraint>]);
alter table <table>
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00903: invalid table name

SQL> UPDATE marklist SET tamil=tamil+5;


UPDATE marklist SET tamil=tamil+5
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: "TAMIL": invalid identifier

SQL> UPDATE marklist SET tamil="tamil"+5;


UPDATE marklist SET tamil="tamil"+5
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: "TAMIL": invalid identifier
SQL> UPDATE marklist SET "tamil"="tamil"+5;

10 rows updated.

SQL> SELECT * FROM marklist;

rollno english tamil maths remark DEPT


---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------------- ---------------
1 50 45 60 average
2 70 85 60 good
3 90 85 95 v good
4 30 45 20 bad
5 50 65 45 average
6 23 41 87 bad
7 67 94 57 good
8 90 90 98 v good
9 50 65 40 average
10 100 80 80 v good

10 rows selected.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> DROP TABLE marklist;

Table dropped.

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5) not null, "english"
number(3) constrai

2
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5) not null, "english"
number(3)
2
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5) not null,
2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno")
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5)),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5)),
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5) not null), "english"
number(3) CONSTRA
INT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
2 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
3 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
4 "remark" varchat(15),
5 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
6 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5) not null), "english"
number(3) CONSTRAINT "
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" number),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" number),
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_english" CHECK(english>=0),
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_english CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_english CHECK(english>=0),
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> ORA-02438
SP2-0042: unknown command "ORA-02438" - rest of line ignored.
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),
2 "english" number(3) CHECK(english>=0) CONSTRAINT check_english,
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"english" number(3) CHECK(english>=0) CONSTRAINT check_english,
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_engl" CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"english" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_engl" CHECK(english>=0),
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK(english>=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK(english>=0),
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),"tamil" number(3)


CONSTRAINT "check_ta
mil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
2 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
3 "remark" varchat(15),
4 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
5 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),"tamil" number(3)
CONSTRAINT "check_tamil"

ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
3 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
4 "remark" varchat(15),
5 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
6 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),"english"
number(3) CONSTRAINT check_e
ngl CHECK(
2
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),
2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK(maths>=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK(tamil>=0),
*
ERROR at line 3:
ORA-02438: Column check constraint cannot reference other columns

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0)'
4
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),
2 english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),"tamil"
number(3) CONSTRAINT "chec
k_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0)
3
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),
2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchat(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
"remark" varchat(15),
*
ERROR at line 5:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept");
Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept")
*
ERROR at line 7:
ORA-00905: missing keyword

SQL> DROP TABLE student;

Table dropped.

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES
"STUDENT"("dept");
Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES "STUDENT"("dept")
*
ERROR at line 7:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES STUDENT ("dept");
Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES STUDENT ("dept")
*
ERROR at line 7:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES STUDENT
("dept"));
Constraint "PK_rollno" PRIMARY key("rollno"),
*
ERROR at line 6:
ORA-00904: "rollno": invalid identifier

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_roll no" PRIMARY key("roll no"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES
"STUDENT"("dept"))
8 ;
Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES "STUDENT"("dept"))
*
ERROR at line 7:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

SQL> CREAT TABLE STUDENT("sname" varchar(25), "dept" varchar(5), "d.o.b"


DATE, "address" varchar(20)

SP2-0734: unknown command beginning "CREAT TABL..." - rest of line ignored.


SQL> CREAT TABLE STUDENT("sname" varchar(25), "dept" varchar(5), "d.o.b"
DATE, "address" varchar(20)

SP2-0734: unknown command beginning "CREAT TABL..." - rest of line ignored.


SQL>
SQL> CREAT TABLE STUDENT("sname" varchar(25), "dept" varchar(5), "d.o.b"
DATE,
SP2-0734: unknown command beginning "CREAT TABL..." - rest of line ignored.
SQL> "address" varchar(20)CREAT
SP2-0734: unknown command beginning ""address" ..." - rest of line ignored.
SP2-0044: For a list of known commands enter HELP
and to leave enter EXIT.
SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("sname" varchar(25), "dept" varchar(5), "d.o.b"
DATE,
2 "address" varchar(20)
3
SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("roll no" number, "sname" varchar(25), "dept"
varchar(5), "d.o.b" DATE,
2 "address" varchar(20));

Table created.
SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"dept" varchar(5),
2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_roll no" PRIMARY key("roll no"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES
"STUDENT"("dept"))
8 ;
Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES "STUDENT"("dept"))
*
ERROR at line 7:
ORA-02270: no matching unique or primary key for this column-list

SQL> DROP table student


2 ;

Table dropped.

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("dept" varchar(5), "roll no" number, "sname"


varchar(25),
2 "d.o.b" DATE, "address" varchar(20)
3 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept");
Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept")
*
ERROR at line 3:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("dept" varchar(5), "roll no" number, "sname"


varchar(25),
2 "d.o.b" DATE, "address" varchar(20)
3 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept"));
Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept"))
*
ERROR at line 3:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("dept" varchar(5), "roll no" number, "sname"


varchar(25),
2 "d.o.b" DATE, "address" varchar(20)
3 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept));
Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept))
*
ERROR at line 3:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("dept" varchar(5), "roll no" number, "sname"


varchar(25),
2 "d.o.b" DATE, "address" varchar(20)
3 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept"));
Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key("dept"))
*
ERROR at line 3:
ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("dept" varchar(5), "roll no" number, "sname"


varchar(25),
2 "d.o.b" DATE, "address" varchar(20)
3 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key "dept");
CREATE TABLE STUDENT("dept" varchar(5), "roll no" number, "sname" varchar(25),
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("deptno" number, "roll no" number, "sname"


varchar(25),
2 "d.o.b" DATE, "address" varchar(20)
3 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key "dept");
CREATE TABLE STUDENT("deptno" number, "roll no" number, "sname" varchar(25),
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("deptno" number,


2 "roll no" number,
3 "sname" varchar(25),
4 "d.o.b" DATE,
5 "address" varchar(20),
6 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key "dept");
Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key "dept")
*
ERROR at line 6:
ORA-00906: missing left parenthesis
SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("deptno" number,
2 "roll no" number,
3 "sname" varchar(25),
4 "d.o.b" DATE,
5 "address" varchar(20),
6 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key ("dept"));
Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key ("dept"))
*
ERROR at line 6:
ORA-00904: "dept": invalid identifier

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT("deptno" number,


2 "roll no" number,
3 "sname" varchar(25),
4 "d.o.b" DATE,
5 "address" varchar(20),
6 Constraint "PK_dept" PRIMARY key ("deptno"));

Table created.

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"deptno" number not null,


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_roll no" PRIMARY key("roll no"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES
"STUDENT"("dept"))
8 ;
Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("dept") REFERENCES "STUDENT"("dept"))
*
ERROR at line 7:
ORA-00904: "dept": invalid identifier

SQL> CREATE TABLE marklist("roll no" number,"deptno" number not null,


2 "english" number(3) CONSTRAINT check_engl CHECK("english">=0),
3 "tamil" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_tamil" CHECK("tamil">=0),
4 "maths" number(3) CONSTRAINT "check_maths" CHECK("maths">=0),
5 "remark" varchar(15),
6 Constraint "PK_roll no" PRIMARY key("roll no"),
7 Constraint "FK_DEPT" FOREIGN key("deptno") REFERENCES
"STUDENT"("deptno"))
8 ;
Table created.

SQL> DROP table student;


DROP table student
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02449: unique/primary keys in table referenced by foreign keys

SQL> drop table marklist;

Table dropped.

SQL> DROP table student;

Table dropped.

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