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Hemoglobin Estimation

This document discusses hemoglobin measurement. It describes hemoglobin as a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen and maintains blood pH. Hemoglobin levels are tested to detect anemia and other conditions. Venous or capillary blood samples are required, and levels can be measured photometrically or visually. Reference ranges are provided to interpret results, and quality control measures like using appropriate anticoagulants and controls are important.

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Syed Ammar Hasan
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1K views13 pages

Hemoglobin Estimation

This document discusses hemoglobin measurement. It describes hemoglobin as a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen and maintains blood pH. Hemoglobin levels are tested to detect anemia and other conditions. Venous or capillary blood samples are required, and levels can be measured photometrically or visually. Reference ranges are provided to interpret results, and quality control measures like using appropriate anticoagulants and controls are important.

Uploaded by

Syed Ammar Hasan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HAEMOGLOBIN

MEASUREMENT
HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Introduction
 The hemoglobin is one of the type of
globular protein present in the human
blood (more specifically in the RBCs).
 Its concentration in the blood tells us about
many pathological conditions.

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 2


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Functions of hemoglobin
 Imparts red color to the blood.
 Helps to carry out the oxygen and other
gases assisting the respiratory system.
 It buffers the blood pH and maintains it to
the tolerable limits.
 Source of physiological active catabolites.
 Genetic resistance to malaria, etc.

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 3


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Why get tested?


 Hemoglobin is measured:
 To detect Anemia or Polycythaemia and to
assess its severity.
 To monitor the patients response to treatment.
 Prior to donating blood.
 To calculate red cells indices.

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 4


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Specimen Required
 Venous Blood
 EDTA anticoaggulted venous blood
(most common)
 Capillary Blood
 Finger-prick (children and adults)
 Heal-prick (infants)

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 5


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Measuring Techniques
 Photometric
 Visual comparative technique

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 6


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Photometric Technique
The absorbance of hemoglobin in a
blood sample is measured electronically
by a colorimeter or different analyzers.
Ways of measuring incluid:
 HiCN technique
 Direct read out method (DHT)
 Oxyhemoglobin technique
 Automated Analyzer

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 7


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Visual Comparative Technique


Based on matching the color of a patient’s
sample against a standard.
Ways of measuring incluid:
 BMS Hemoglobinometer
 WHO Hemoglobin color chart
 Sehli’s acid hematin method

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 8


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Result Interpretation
Reference ranges:
 Children at birth - 13.5-19.5 g/dl
 Children (2-5 years) - 11.0-14.0 g/dl
 Children (6-12 years) - 11.5-15.5 g/dl
 Adult men - 13.0-18.0 g/dl
 Adult women - 12.0-15.0 g/dl
 Pregnant women - 11.0-13.8 g/dl

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 9


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Result Interpretation Contd…


Anaemia:
Associated with low hemoglobin level, due to:
 Acute blood loss,
 Decreased erythropoitic activity, or
 Hemolysis

Classification:
 Microcytic Hypochromic
 Normocytic Normochromic
 Macrocytic Normochromic

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 10


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Result Interpretation Contd…


Polycythaemia:
Associated with raised hemoglobin level, PCV and red
cell count.
 True Polycythaemia (Inc. in number of red cells)
 Primary
 Secondary
 Apparent or relative (Dec. in total plasma volume)

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 11


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Quality Control
 Use of appropriate anticoagulant.
 Sample should be checked of having clot.
 Use of standards and controls.
 Storage and stability.
 Blood samples and controls must be
allowed to sit at room temperature prior to
testing.

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 12


HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENT

Quality Control Contd…

 Sample rejection criteria:


 Hemolyzed or clotted samples are
unacceptable for testing.
 Blood collected in sodium citrate, or in tubes
containing a gel separator.
 When using anticoagulated blood, not mixing
the sample appropriately.

November 7, 2008 Institute of Medical Technology, DUHS 13

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