ANNA UNIVERSITY TIRUNELVELI : TIRUNELVELI 627 007

AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS

CURRICULUM 2008

B.E. ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

3 & 4 SEMESTERS CURRICULUM AND SYLLABI

SEMESTER III
(Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards)
Code No. Course Title L T P C
THEORY
MA 31 Transforms and Partial Differential Equations 3 1 0 4
EC 32 Electrical Engineering 3 0 0 3
Data Structures and Object Oriented Programming in
EC 33 3 0 0 3
C++
EC 34 Digital Electronics 3 1 0 4
EC 35 Signals and systems 3 1 0 4
EC 36 Electronic Circuits- I 3 1 0 4
PRACTICAL
EC 37 Digital Electronics Lab 0 0 3 2
EC 38 Electronic Circuits - I Lab 0 0 3 2
EC 39 Data structures and Object Oriented Programming Lab 0 0 3 2
HS 310 Communication Skills and Technical Seminar- I 0 0 3 2
TOTAL 18 4 12 30

SEMESTER IV
(Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards)
Code No. Course Title L T P C
THEORY
EC 41 Electronic Circuits II 3 1 0 4
EC 42 Communication Theory 3 1 0 4
EC 43 Electromagnetic Fields 3 1 0 4
EC 44 Linear Integrated Circuits 3 0 0 3
MA 45 Probability and Random Processes 3 1 0 4
EC 46 Control Systems 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
EC 47 Electronics circuits II and simulation lab 0 0 3 2
EC 48 Linear Integrated Circuit Lab 0 0 3 2
EC 49 Electrical Engineering and Control System Lab 0 0 3 2
HS 410 Communication Skills and Technical Seminar-II 0 0 3 2
TOTAL 18 4 12 30

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MA 31 TRANSFORMS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 3 1 0 4
(Common to all branches)

OBJECTIVES
The course objective is to develop the skills of the students in the areas of Transforms
and Partial Differential Equations. This will be necessary for their effective studies in a
large number of engineering subjects like heat conduction, communication systems,
electro-optics and electromagnetic theory. The course will also serve as a prerequisite
for post graduate and specialized studies and research.

1. FOURIER SERIES 9+3

Dirichlet’s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range
sine series – Half range cosine series – Complex form of Fourier series – Parseval’s
identity – Harmonic analysis.

2. FOURIER TRANSFORMS 9+3

Fourier integral theorem (without proof) – Fourier transform pair – Sine and
Cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem
– Parseval’s identity.

3. PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9 +3

Formation of partial differential equations – Lagrange’s linear equation – Solutions of
standard types of first order partial differential equations - Linear partial differential
equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients.
4. APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+3
Solutions of one dimensional wave equation – One dimensional equation of heat
conduction – Steady state solution of two-dimensional equation of heat conduction
(Insulated edges excluded) – Fourier series solutions in Cartesian coordinates.

5. Z -TRANSFORMS AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 9+3

Z-transforms - Elementary properties – Inverse Z-transform – Convolution theorem -
Formation of difference equations – Solution of difference equations using Z-transform.
Lectures : 45 Tutorials : 15 Total : 60

TEXT BOOKS
1. Grewal, B.S, “Higher Engineering Mathematic”, 40th Edition, Khanna publishers,
Delhi, (2007)

REFERENCES
1. Bali.N.P and Manish Goyal, “A Textbook of Engineering Mathematic”, 7th Edition,
Laxmi Publications(P) Ltd. (2007)
2. Ramana.B.V., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Tata Mc-GrawHill Publishing
Company limited, New Delhi (2007).
3. Glyn James, “Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics”, 3rd Edition, Pearson
Education (2007).
4. Erwin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, 8th edition, Wiley India
(2007).

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EC 32 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 3003
AIM
To expose the students to the concepts of various types of electrical machines and
transmission and distribution of electrical power .
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on
 Constructional details, principle of operation, performance, starters and testing of
D.C. machines.
 Constructional details, principle of operation and performance of transformers.
 Constructional details, principle of operation and performance of induction
motors.
 Constructional details and principle of operation of alternators and special
 machines.
 Power System transmission and distribution.
UNIT I D.C. MACHINES 9
Constructional details – emf equation – Methods of excitation – Self and separately
excited generators – Characteristics of series, shunt and compound generators –
Principle of operation of D.C. motor – Back emf and torque equation – Characteristics of
series, shunt and compound motors - Starting of D.C. motors – Types of starters -
Testing, brake test and Swinburne’s test – Speed control of D.C. shunt motors.
UNIT II TRANSFORMERS 9
Constructional details – Principle of operation – emf equation – Transformation ratio –
Transformer on no load – Parameters referred to HV/LV windings – Equivalent circuit –
Transformer on load – Regulation - Testing – Load test, open circuit and short circuit
tests.
UNIT III INDUCTION MOTORS 9
Construction – Types – Principle of operation of three-phase induction motors –
Equivalent circuit – Performance calculation – Starting and speed control – Single-phase
induction motors (only qualitative treatment).
UNIT IV SYNCHRONOUS AND SPECIAL MACHINES 9
Construction of synchronous machines-types – Induced emf – Voltage regulation; emf
and mmf methods – Brushless alternators – Reluctance motor – Hysteresis motor –
Stepper motor.
UNIT V TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 9
Structure of electric power systems – Generation, transmission and distribution systems
- EHVAC and EHVDC transmission systems – Substation layout – Insulators – cables.
L = 45 TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. D.P.Kothari and I.J.Nagrath, ‘Basic Electrical Engineering’, Tata McGraw Hill
publishing company ltd, second edition, 2007 (Reprint).
2. C.L. Wadhwa, ‘Electrical Power Systems’, New Age International, fourth edition, 2007.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. S.K.Bhattacharya, ‘Electrical Machines’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company ltd,
second edition, 2007.
2. V.K.Mehta and Rohit Mehta, ‘Principles of Power System’, S.Chand and Company
Ltd, second edition, 2006.

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EC 33 DATA STRUCTURES AND OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING IN C++ 3003

AIM
To provide an in-depth knowledge in problem solving techniques and data structures.
OBJECTIVES
 To learn the systematic way of solving problems
 To understand the different methods of organizing large amounts of data
 To learn to program in C++
 To efficiently implement the different data structures
 To efficiently implement solutions for specific problems
UNIT – I PRINCIPLES OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 9
Introduction- Tokens-Expressions-contour Structures –Functions in C++, classes and
objects, constructors and destructors ,operators overloading and type conversions .
UNIT – II ADVANCED OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 9
Inheritance, Extending classes, Pointers, Virtual functions and polymorphism, File
Handling Templates ,Exception handling, Manipulating strings.
UNIT – III DATA STRUCTURES & ALGORITHMS 9
Algorithm, Analysis, Lists, Stacks and queues, Priority queues-Binary Heap-Application,
Heaps–hashing-hash tables without linked lists
UNIT – IV NONLINEAR DATA STRUCTURES 9
Trees-Binary trees, search tree ADT, AVL trees, Graph Algorithms-Topological sort,
shortest path algorithm network flow problems-minimum spanning tree - Introduction to
NP - completeness.
UNIT – V SORTING AND SEARCHING 9
Sorting – Insertion sort, Shell sort, Heap sort, Merge sort, Quick sort, Indirect sorting,
Bucket sort, Introduction to Algorithm Design Techniques –Greedy algorithm (Minimum
Spanning Tree), Divide and Conquer (Merge Sort), Dynamic Programming (All pairs
Shortest Path Problem).
Total hours = 45
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mark Allen Weiss, “Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C”, 3rd ed, Pearson
Education Asia, 2007.
2. E. Balagurusamy, “ Object Oriented Programming with C++”, McGraw Hill Company
Ltd., 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Michael T. Goodrich, “Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++”, Wiley student
edition, 2007.
2. Sahni, “Data Structures Using C++”, The McGraw-Hill, 2006.
3. Seymour, “Data Structures”, The McGraw-Hill, 2007.
4. Jean – Paul Tremblay & Paul G.Sorenson, An Introduction to data structures with
applications, Tata McGraw Hill edition, II Edition, 2002.
5. John R.Hubbard, Schaum’s outline of theory and problem of data structure with C++,
McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2000.
6. Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, Addison Wesley, 2000
7. Robert Lafore, Object oriented programming in C++, Galgotia Publication

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EC 34 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 3 1 0 4

AIM
To learn the basic methods for the design of digital circuits and provide the fundamental
concepts used in the design of digital systems.

OBJECTIVES
 To introduce basic postulates of Boolean algebra and shows the correlation between
Boolean expressions
 To introduce the methods for simplifying Boolean expressions
 To outline the formal procedures for the analysis and design of combinational circuits
and sequential circuits
 To introduce the concept of memories and programmable logic devices.
 To illustrate the concept of synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits

UNIT I MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND LOGIC GATES 9

Minimization Techniques: Boolean postulates and laws – De-Morgan’s Theorem -
Principle of Duality - Boolean expression - Minimization of Boolean expressions ––
Minterm – Maxterm - Sum of Products (SOP) – Product of Sums (POS) – Karnaugh map
Minimization – Don’t care conditions - Quine-McCluskey method of minimization.
Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, Exclusive–OR and Exclusive–NOR-
Implementations of Logic Functions using gates, NAND–NOR implementations – Multi
level gate implementations- Multi output gate implementations. TTL and CMOS Logic
and their characteristics – Tristate gates.

UNIT II COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS 9

Design procedure – Half adder – Full Adder – Half subtractor – Full subtractor - Parallel
binary adder, parallel binary Subtractor – Fast Adder - Carry Look Ahead adder – Serial
Adder/Subtractor - BCD adder – Binary Multiplier – Binary Divider - Multiplexer/
Demultiplexer – decoder - encoder – parity checker – parity generators - code
converters - Magnitude Comparator.

UNIT III SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9

Latches, Flip-flops - SR, JK, D, T, and Master-Slave – Characteristic table and equation
–Application table – Edge triggering – Level Triggering – Realization of one flip flop
using other flip flops – serial adder/subtractor- Asynchronous Ripple or serial counter –
Asynchronous Up/Down counter - Synchronous counters – Synchronous Up/Down
counters – Programmable counters – Design of Synchronous counters: state diagram-
State table –State minimization –State assignment - Excitation table and maps-Circuit
implementation - Modulo–n counter, Registers – shift registers - Universal shift registers
– Shift register counters – Ring counter – Shift counters - Sequence generators.

5
UNIT IV MEMORY DEVICES 9

Classification of memories – ROM - ROM organization - PROM – EPROM – EEPROM –

EAPROM, RAM – RAM organization – Write operation – Read operation – Memory
cycle - Timing wave forms – Memory decoding – memory expansion – Static RAM Cell-
Bipolar RAM cell – MOSFET RAM cell – Dynamic RAM cell –Programmable Logic
Devices – Programmable Logic Array (PLA) - Programmable Array Logic (PAL) - Field
Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) - Implementation of combinational logic circuits
using ROM, PLA, PAL

UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS AND AYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9

Synchronous Sequential Circuits: General Model – Classification – Design – Use of
Algorithmic State Machine – Analysis of Synchronous Sequential Circuits

Asynchronous Sequential Circuits: Design of fundamental mode and pulse mode

circuits – Incompletely specified State Machines – Problems in Asynchronous Circuits –
Design of Hazard Free Switching circuits. Design of Combinational and Sequential
circuits using VERILOG

TUTORIAL = 15 Hrs. TOTAL : 60 Hrs.

TEXT BOOKS
1. M. Morris Mano, Digital Design, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2003 /
Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
2. S. Salivahanan and S. Arivazhagan, Digital Circuits and Design, 3rd Edition., Vikas
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2006

REFERENCES
1. John F.Wakerly, Digital Design, Fourth Edition, Pearson/PHI, 2006
2. John.M Yarbrough, Digital Logic Applications and Design, Thomson Learning, 2002.
3. Charles H.Roth. Fundamentals of Logic Design, Thomson Learning, 2003.
4. Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, 6th
Edition, TMH, 2003.
5. William H. Gothmann, Digital Electronics, 2nd Edition, PHI, 1982.
6. Thomas L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 8th Edition, Pearson Education Inc, New
Delhi, 2003
7. Donald D.Givone, Digital Principles and Design, TMH, 2003.

6
EC 35 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 3 1 0 4

AIM
To study and analyse characteristics of continuous, discrete signals and systems.

OBJECTIVES
 To study the properties and representation of discrete and continuous signals.
 To study the sampling process and analysis of discrete systems using z-
transforms.
 To study the analysis and synthesis of discrete time systems.
1. CLASSIFICATION OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9
Continuous time signals (CT signals), discrete time signals (DT signals) - Step, Ramp,
Pulse, Impulse, Exponential, Classification of CT and DT signals - periodic and periodic,
random singals, CT systems and DT systems, Basic properties of systems - Linear Time
invariant Systems and properties.
2. ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS 9
Fourier series analysis, Spectrum of C.T. singals, Fourier Transform and Laplace
Transform in Signal Analysis.
3. LINEAR TIME INVARIANT –CONTINUOUS TIME SYSTEMS 9
Differential equation, Block diagram representation, Impulse response, Convolution
integral, frequency response , Fourier and Laplace transforms in analysis, State variable
equations and matrix representation of systems
4. ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE TIME SIGNALS 9
Sampling of CT signals and aliasing, DTFT and properties, Z-transform and properties of
Z-transform.
5. LINEAR TIME INVARIANT - DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS 9
Difference equations, Block diagram representation, Impulse response, Convolution sum,
LTI systems analysis using DTFT and Z-transforms , State variable equations and matrix
representation of systems.
Tutorial = 15
Total No of periods: 45 + 15 = 60
TEXT BOOK:
1. Allan V.Oppenheim, S.Wilsky and S.H.Nawab, Signals and Systems, Pearson
Education, 2007.
2. Edward W Kamen & Bonnie’s Heck, “Fundamentals of Signals and Systems”,
Pearson Education, 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. H P Hsu, Rakesh Ranjan“ Signals and Systems”, Schaum’s Outlines, Tata McGraw
Hill, Indian Reprint, 2007
2. S.Salivahanan, A. Vallavaraj, C. Gnanapriya, Digital Signal Processing, McGraw Hill
International/TMH, 2007.
3. Simon Haykins and Barry Van Veen, Signals and Systems John Wiley & sons , Inc,
2004.
4. Robert A. Gabel and Richard A.Roberts, Signals & Linear Systems, John Wiley, III
edition, 1987.
5. Rodger E. Ziemer, William H. Tranter, D. Ronald Fannin. Signals & systems, Fourth
Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.

7
EC 36 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS I 3 1 0 4

AIM
The aim of this course is to familiarize the student with the analysis and design of basic
transistor Amplifier circuits and power supplies.

OBJECTIVE
On completion of this course the student will understand
 The methods of biasing transistors
 Design of simple amplifier circuits
 Midband analysis of amplifier circuits using small - signal equivalent circuits to
determine gain input impedance and output impedance
 Method of calculating cutoff frequencies and to determine bandwidth
 Design of power amplifiers
 Analysis and design of power supplies.

UNIT I TRANSISTOR BIAS STABILITY 9

BJT – Need for biasing – Stability factor - Fixed bias circuit, Load line and quiescent
point. Variation of quiescent point due to hFE variation within manufacturers tolerance -
Stability factors - Different types of biasing circuits - Method of stabilizing the Q point -
Advantage of Self bias (voltage divider bias) over other types of biasing, Bias
compensation – Diode, Thermister and Sensistor compensations, Biasing the FET and
MOSFET.

UNIT II MIDBAND ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9

CE, CB and CC amplifiers - Method of drawing small-signal equivalent circuit - Midband
analysis of various types of single stage amplifiers to obtain gain, input impedance and
output impedance - Miller’s theorem - Comparison of CB, CE and CC amplifiers and
their uses - Methods of increasing input impedance using Darlington connection and
bootstrapping - CS, CG and CD (FET) amplifiers - Multistage amplifiers.
Basic emitter coupled differential amplifier circuit - Bisection theorem. Differential gain –
CMRR - Use of constant current circuit to improve CMRR - Derivation of transfer
characteristic.

UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERS 9

General shape of frequency response of amplifiers - Definition of cutoff frequencies and
bandwidth - Low frequency analysis of amplifiers to obtain lower cutoff frequency Hybrid
–  equivalent circuit of BJTs - High frequency analysis of BJT amplifiers to obtain
upper cutoff frequency – Gain Bandwidth Product - High frequency equivalent circuit of
FETs - High frequency analysis of FET amplifiers - Gain-bandwidth product of FETs -
General expression for frequency response of multistage amplifiers - Calculation of
overall upper and lower cutoff frequencies of multistage amplifiers - Amplifier rise time
and sag and their relation to cutoff frequencies.

8
UNIT IV LARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9
Classification of amplifiers, Class A large signal amplifiers, second harmonic distortion,
higher order harmonic distortion, transformer-coupled class A audio power amplifier –
efficiency of Class A amplifiers. Class B amplifier – efficiency - push-pull amplifier -
distortion in amplifiers - complementary-symmetry (Class B) push-pull amplifier, Class C,
Class D amplifier – Class S amplifier – MOSFET power amplifier, Thermal stability and
heat sink.

UNIT V RECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9

Classification of power supplies, Rectifiers - Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers
with resistive load. Analysis for Vdc and ripple voltage with C, L, LC and CLC filters.
Voltage multipliers, Voltage regulators - Zener diode regulator, principles of obtaining a
regulated power supply, regulator with current limiting, Over voltage protection, Switched
mode power supply (SMPS), Power control using SCR.

TUTORIAL = 15 TOTAL : 60

TEXT BOOKS

1. Millman J and Halkias .C., Integrated Electronics, TMH, 2007.

2. S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh Kumar and A. Vallavaraj, Electronic Devices and Circuits,
2nd Edition, TMH, 2007.

REFERENCES
1. Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9th
Edition, Pearson Education / PHI, 2007.
2. David A. Bell, Electronic Devices & Circuits, 4th Ediion, PHI, 2007
3. Floyd, Electronic Devices, Sixth Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.
4. I.J. Nagrath, Electronic Devices and Circuits, PHI, 2007.
5. Anwar A. Khan and Kanchan K. Dey, A First Course on Electronics, PHI, 2006.
6. B.P. Singh and Rekha Singh, Electronic Devices and Integrated Circuits, Pearson
Education, 2006.
7. Rashid M, Microelectronics Circuits, Thomson Learning, 2007.

9
EC 37 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB 0 0 3 2

1. Design and implementation of Adder and Subtractor using logic gates.

2. Design and implementation of code converters using logic gates
(i) BCD to excess-3 code and vice versa
(ii) Binary to gray and vice-versa
3. Design and implementation of 4 bit binary Adder/ subtractor and BCD adder using
IC 7483
4. Design and implementation of 2 bit Magnitude Comparator using logic gates 8 Bit
Magnitude Comparator using IC 7485
5. Design and implementation of 16 bit odd/even parity checker generator using
IC74180.
6. Design and implementation of Multiplexer and De-multiplexer using logic gates and
study of IC74150 and IC 74154
7. Design and implementation of encoder and decoder using logic gates and study of
IC7445 and IC74147
8. Construction and verification of 4 bit ripple counter and Mod-10 / Mod-12 Ripple
counters
9. Design and implementation of 3-bit synchronous up/down counter
10. Implementation of SISO, SIPO, PISO and PIPO shift registers using Flip- flops
11. Design of experiments 1, 6, 8 and 10 using Verilog Hardware Description Language

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS (2

per Batch)

S.No Name of the equipments / Components Quzntity Required Remarks

1 Digital IC Tester 2 Nos
2 Power Supply 10 5V DC
3 Multimeter 10 Digital
4 Computer with HDL software Installed 2
Consumables (Minimum of 25 Nos. each)
1 IC7400 25
2 IC7404 25
3 IC74682 25
4 IC7402 25
5 IC7408 25
6 IC7411 25
7 IC7432 25
8 IC7483 25
9 IC7485 25

10
10 IC7486 25
11 IC74150 25
12 IC74151 25
13 IC74147 25
14 IC7445 25
15 IC7474 25
16 IC7476 25
17 IC7491 25
18 IC7494 25
19 IC7447 25
20 IC74180 25
21 IC555 25
22 Seven Segment Display 25
23 LEDs 25
24 Bread Board 25
25 Wires

11
EC 38 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS – I LAB 0 0 3 2
(Common to ECE & Bio Medical Engineering)

Expt No.1 Fixed Bias amplifier circuit using BJT

1. Waveforms at input and output without bias.
2. Determination of bias resistance to locate Q-point at center of load
line.
3. Measurement of gain.
4. Plot the frequency response & Determination of Gain Bandwidth
Product
Expt No.2 Design and construct BJT Common Emitter Amplifier using voltage
divider
bias (self-bias) with and without bypassed emitter resistor.
1. Measurement of gain.
2. Plot the frequency response & Determination of Gain Bandwidth
Product
Expt No.3 Design and construct BJT Common Collector Amplifier using voltage
divider
bias (self-bias).
1. Measurement of gain.
2. Plot the frequency response & Determination of Gain Bandwidth
Product

Expt No.4 Darlington Amplifier using BJT.

1. Measurement of gain and input resistance.
2. Comparison with calculated values.
3. Plot the frequency response & Determination of Gain Bandwidth
Product

Expt No.5 Source follower with Bootstrapped gate resistance

1. Measurement of gain, input resistance and output resistance with and
without Bootstrapping.
2. Comparison with calculated values.

Expt No.6 Differential amplifier using BJT

1. Measurement of CMRR.

Expt No.7 Class A Power Amplifier

1. Observation of output waveform.
2. Measurement of maximum power output.
3. Determination of efficiency.
4. Comparison with calculated values.

Expt No.8 Class B Complementary symmetry power amplifier

1. Observation of the output waveform with crossover Distortion.
2. Modification of the circuit to avoid crossover distortion.
3. Measurement of maximum power output.
4. Determination of efficiency.
5. Comparison with calculated values.

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Expt No.9 Power Supply circuit - Half wave rectifier with simple capacitor filter.
1. Measurement of DC voltage under load and ripple factor, Comparison
with calculated values.
2. Plot the Load regulation characteristics using Zener diode.

Expt No.10 Power Supply circuit - Full wave rectifier with simple capacitor filter
1. Measurement of DC voltage under load and ripple factor, Comparison
with calculated values.
2. Measurement of load regulation characteristics. Comparison with
calculated values.

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS (3

per Batch)

S.No Name of the equipments / Components Quantity Remarks

Required
1 Variable DC Power Supply 8 (0-30V)
2 CRO 10 30MHz
4 Multimeter 6 Digital
6 Function Generator 8 1 MHz
7 DC Ammeter 10
8 DC Voltmeter 10
Consumables (Minimum of 25 Nos. each)
9 BC107, BC147,BC 108, BC 148, BC547, BC
548,
SL 100, SK100 or Equivalent transistors.
10 Resistors 1/4 Watt Assorted
11 Capacitors
12 Inductors
13 Diodes, Zener Diodes
14 Bread Boards
15 Transformers 4

13
EC 39 DATA STRUCTURES AND OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING LAB 0 0 3 2

1. Basic Programs for C++ Concepts

2. Array implementation of List Abstract Data Type (ADT)
3. Linked list implementation of List ADT
4. Cursor implementation of List ADT
5. Stack ADT - Array and linked list implementations

The next two exercises are to be done by implementing the following source files
(a) Program source files for Stack Application 1
(b) Array implementation of Stack ADT
(c) Linked list implementation of Stack ADT
(d) Program source files for Stack Application 2
An appropriate header file for the Stack ADT should be #included in (a) and (d)

6. Implement any Stack Application using array implementation of Stack ADT (by
implementing files (a) and (b) given above) and then using linked list
implementation of Stack ADT (by using files (a) and implementing file (c))
7. Queue ADT – Array and linked list implementations
8. Search Tree ADT - Binary Search Tree
9. Heap Sort
10. Quick Sort

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS ( 1

per Batch)

S.No Name of the equipments / Components Quzntity Required Remarks

1 P IV Computer Variable DC Power Supply 30 Nos
2 C and C++ Compiler 30 Users
Consumables (Minimum of 25 Nos. each)
Nil

14
HS 310 - COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND TECHNICAL SEMINAR I
(Semester III – Common to all B.E/B.Tech Students)
(To be conducted as a Practical Paper by the Depts of English for 3 hrs per week)

OBJECTIVES:

 To improve the learners’ oral fluency in English

 To help the learners acquire the readiness to speak in English
 To develop the sub-skills required for paper presentations and group discussions
 To help the learners improve their vocabulary related to specific fields of
technology
 To facilitate the development of the learners’ proficiency in meaningful
interaction
 To provide them linguistic support for managing vital sub-functions of
communication

COURSE CONTENT:

A) Phonetic practice (7 hrs)

 English phonemes with special emphasis on the diphthongs
 Stress patterns for words that end with specific suffixes.
(‘ion’ , ‘ic’ ‘ical’ ‘ious’,‘ate’ , ‘ise/-ize’, ‘fy’, ‘logy’, ‘ity’ )

B) Speech practice ( 8 hrs)

 Speaking on the themes by developing the hints provided.

The themes are:

1. Cloning
2. Artificial satellites
3. Renewable sources
4. Telecommunication
5. Cyber Revolution
6. Space research
7. Polythene pollution
8. Fossil fuels
9. Climate change
10. Ecological threats
11. Water resources
12. Nuclear technology
13. Scientific farming
14. Thermal power plants
15. Natural calamities
16. Robotics
17. Artificial intelligence
18. Role of Fibre Optics
19. Exploration of Mars

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 20. Gas turbines

C) Group Quiz on technical aspects related to the themes (4hrs)

D) Language Functions (8 hrs)

 comparing and contrast
 reporting the conversation of others
 talking about future plans and intentions
 giving reasons
 expressing preferences
 quantifying
 expressing certainty and uncertainty
 expressing opinions and impressions
 making suggestions
 expressing assumptions
 evaluating options
 hypothesing/deducing
 defending a point of view

E) Seminar presentation on the themes allotted (18 hrs)

PROCEDURE:

A) Phonetic practice
All the speech sounds should be taught .The learners should be given drills in the
pronunciation of at least 30 words for each sound. While practicing stress patterns,
they should be encouraged to identify as many words as possible for each suffix
endings.
B) Speech practice
Every student should be allowed to choose one theme to specialize in. (However
not more than 4 students in a section can choose the same theme).The teacher has to
prepare at least 4 hints development tasks on each theme and should provide chance
to each learner to speak on those hints related to his/ her theme (5 minutes).The hints
may be supplied to the students in advance. When a student speaks, the class should
be encouraged to ask questions as well as note down the words related to the different
fields.
C) Group Quiz on technical phrases related to the themes.
The class should be divided into groups that specialize on a particular theme. Each
group should conduct a quiz (question & answer session) which will be answered
by the other groups.

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 D) Language Functions

The teacher should build micro activities to develop the use of language required to
handle these sub-functions of communication. In the process, the learners should get
used to the linguistic elements needed for these functions.

E) Seminar presentation on the themes allotted

Each student should collect materials from books, journals and newspapers for
his/her theme and prepare a short seminar paper. The presentation should be for 10
minutes. It should be followed ‘open house’ during which others should come
forward to question, clarify, supplement or evaluate.

RECORD LAY OUT:

Every student has to maintain a record in which he/she has to incorporate the following
details.
 First page containing learner details and the topic of specialization.
 Twenty words for each phoneme
 Twenty words with stress marks for each suffix ending
 Vocabulary list (technical words and compound words)related to the 20 themes
identified for this semester.
 Three news paper items, two journal items and three internet sources related to
the special theme selected by the student.(To be pasted on the pages)
 The Quiz questions of the group with expected answers.
 The seminar paper presented by the learner with details about the open house.
 Notes of observation. ( Details about any three seminar paper presentations by
others)

The record should be duly signed by the course teacher and submitted to the external
Examiner for verification during the semester practicals.

MODE OF EVALUATION:

Internal Examiner (20 marks) (10 marks for the Record and 10 marks for the
seminar presentation)
External Examiner (80 marks)
The external practical* will consist of the following segments (7 minutes approx. for each
student)
1. Pronouncing sentences containing the target words
2. Deploying linguistic elements for language functions
3. Speaking on the hints

17
 4. A conversation with the examiner on the special theme as worked out in the
Record)

(*Every learner will be assessed with a different set of question which he/she will choose
at random)

18
EC 41 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS II 3 1 0 4

AIM
The aim of this course is to familiarize the student with the analysis and design of feed
back amplifiers, oscillators, tuned amplifiers, wave shaping circuits, multivibrators and
blocking oscillators.

OBJECTIVES
On completion of this course the student will understand
 The advantages and method of analysis of feedback amplifiers
 Analysis and design of LC and RC oscillators, tuned amplifiers, wave shaping
circuits, multivibrators, blocking oscillators and time base generators.

UNIT 1 FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS 9

Block diagram, Loop gain, Gain with feedback, Effects of negative feedback – Sensitivity
and desensitivity of gain, Cut-off frequencies, distortion, noise, input impedance and
output impedance with feedback, Four types of negative feedback connections – voltage
series feedback, voltage shunt feedback, current series feedback and current shunt
feedback, Method of identifying feedback topology and feedback factor, Nyquist criterion
for stability of feedback amplifiers.

UNIT II OSCILLATORS 9

Classification, Barkhausen Criterion - Mechanism for start of oscillation and stabilization

of amplitude, General form of an Oscillator, Analysis of LC oscillators - Hartley, Colpitts,
Clapp, Franklin, Armstrong, Tuned collector oscillators, RC oscillators - phase shift –
Wienbridge - Twin-T Oscillators, Frequency range of RC and LC Oscillators, Quartz
Crystal Construction, Electrical equivalent circuit of Crystal, Miller and Pierce Crystal
oscillators, frequency stability of oscillators.

UNIT III TUNED AMPLIFIERS 9

Coil losses, unloaded and loaded Q of tank circuits, small signal tuned amplifiers -
Analysis of capacitor coupled single tuned amplifier – double tuned amplifier - effect of
cascading single tuned and double tuned amplifiers on bandwidth – Stagger tuned
amplifiers – large signal tuned amplifiers – Class C tuned amplifier – Efficiency and
applications of Class C tuned amplifier - Stability of tuned amplifiers – Neutralization -
Hazeltine neutralization method.

UNIT IV WAVE SHAPING AND MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUITS 9

RC & RL Integrator and Differentiator circuits – Storage, Delay and Calculation of
Transistor Switching Times – Speed-up Capaitor - Diode clippers, Diode comparator -
Clampers. Collector coupled and Emitter coupled Astable multivibrator - Monostable
multivibrator - Bistable multivibrators - Triggering methods for Bistable multivibrators -
Schmitt trigger circuit.

19
UNIT V BLOCKING OSCILLATORS AND TIMEBASE GENERATORS 9

UJT sawtooth waveform generator, Pulse transformers – equivalent circuit – response -

applications, Blocking Oscillator – Free running blocking oscillator - Astable Blocking
Oscillators with base timing – Push-pull Astable blocking oscillator with emitter timing,
Frequency control using core saturation, Triggered blocking oscillator – Monostable
blocking oscillator with base timing – Monostable blocking oscillator with emitter timing,
Time base circuits - Voltage-Time base circuit, Current-Time base circuit - Linearization
through adjustment of driving waveform.

TUTORIAL= 15 TOTAL = 60

TEXT BOOKS
1. Sedra / Smith, Micro Electronic Circuits Oxford University Press, 2004.
2. S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh Kumar and A. Vallavaraj, Electronic Devices and
Circuits, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2007.

REFERENCES
1. Millman J. and Taub H., Pulse Digital and Switching Waveforms, TMH, 2000.
2. Schilling and Belove, Electronic Circuits, 3rd Edition, TMH, 2002.
3. Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nasheresky, Electronic Devices and Circuit
Theory, 9th Edition, Pearson Education / PHI, 2002.
4. David A. Bell, Solid State Pulse Circuits, Prentice Hall of India, 1992.
5. Millman and Halkias. C., Integrated Electronics, TMH, 1991.

20
EC 42 COMMUNICATION THEORY 3 1 0 4

AIM
To study the various analog communication fundamentals viz., Amplitude modulation
and demodulation, angle modulation and demodulation. Noise performance of various
receivers and information theory with source coding theorem are also dealt.

OBJECTIVE

 To provide various Amplitude modulation and demodulation systems.

 To provide various Angle modulation and demodulation systems.
 To provide some depth analysis in noise performance of various receiver.
 To study some basic information theory with some channel coding theorem.

1. AMPLITUDE MODULATION SYSTEMS 10

Review of Spectral Characteristics of Periodic and Non-periodic signals; Generation and
Demodulation of AM, DSBSC, SSB and VSB Signals; Comparison of Amplitude
Modulation Systems; Frequency Translation; FDM; Non – Linear Distortion.

2. ANGLE MODULATION SYSTEMS 8

Phase and Frequency Modulation; Single tone, Narrow Band and Wideband FM;
Transmission Bandwidth; Generation and Demodulation of FM Signal.

3. NOISE THEORY 8
Review of Probability, Random Variables and Random Process; Guassian Process;
Noise – Shot noise, Thermal noise and white noise; Narrow band noise, Noise
temperature; Noise Figure.

4. PERFORMANCE OF CW MODULATION SYSTEMS 10

Superheterodyne Radio receiver and its characteristic; SNR; Noise in DSBSC systems
using coherent detection; Noise in AM system using envelope detection and its FM
system; FM threshold effect; Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis in FM; Comparison of
performances.

5. INFORMATION THEORY 9

Discrete Messages and Information Content, Concept of Amount of Information,

Average information, Entropy, Information rate, Source coding to increase average
information per bit, Shannon-Fano coding, Huffman coding, Lempel-Ziv (LZ) coding,
Shannon’s Theorem, Channel Capacity, Bandwidth- S/N trade-off, Mutual information
and channel capacity, rate distortion theory, Lossy Source coding.

TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60

21
TEXT BOOKS

1. Dennis Roddy & John Coolen - Electronic Communication (IV Ed.), Prentice Hall
of India.
2. Herbert Taub & Donald L Schilling – Principles of Communication Systems ( 3rd
Edition ) – Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.

REFERENCE:

1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley & sons, NY, 4th Edition,
2001.
2. Bruce Carlson - Communication Systems. (III Ed.), Mc Graw Hill.
3. B.P.Lathi, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Third Edition,
Oxfod Press,2007.
4. R.P Singh and S.D.Sapre, “Communication Systems – Analog and Digital”, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2007.
5. John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, Fundamentals of Communication Systems,
Pearson Education, 2006.

22
EC 43 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS 3104

AIM
To familiarize the student to the concepts, calculations and pertaining to electric,
magnetic and electromagnetic fields so that an in depth understanding of antennas,
electronic devices, Waveguides is possible.

OBJECTIVES
 To analyze fields a potentials due to static changes
 To evaluate static magnetic fields
 To understand how materials affect electric and magnetic fields
 To understand the relation between the fields under time varying situations
 To understand principles of propagation of uniform plane waves.

UNIT I STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS 9

Introduction to Co-ordinate System – Rectangular – Cylindrical and Spherical Co-

ordinate System – Introduction to line, Surface and Volume Integrals – Definition of Curl,
Divergence and Gradient – Meaning of Stokes theorem and Divergence theorem
Coulomb’s Law in Vector Form – Definition of Electric Field Intensity – Principle of
Superposition – Electric Field due to discrete charges – Electric field due to continuous
charge distribution - Electric Field due to charges distributed uniformly on an infinite and
finite line – Electric Field on the axis of a uniformly charged circular disc – Electric Field
due to an infinite uniformly charged sheet.
Electric Scalar Potential – Relationship between potential and electric field - Potential
due to infinite uniformly charged line – Potential due to electrical dipole - Electric Flux
Density – Gauss Law – Proof of Gauss Law – Applications.

UNIT II STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD 9

The Biot-Savart Law in vector form – Magnetic Field intensity due to a finite and infinite
wire carrying a current I – Magnetic field intensity on the axis of a circular and
rectangular loop carrying a current I – Ampere’s circuital law and simple applications.
Magnetic flux density – The Lorentz force equation for a moving charge and applications
– Force on a wire carrying a current I placed in a magnetic field – Torque on a loop
carrying a current I – Magnetic moment – Magnetic Vector Potential.

UNIT III ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS 9

Poisson’s and Laplace’s equation – Electric Polarization-Nature of dielectric materials-

Definition of Capacitance – Capacitance of various geometries using Laplace’s equation
– Electrostatic energy and energy density – Boundary conditions for electric fields –
Electric current – Current density – point form of ohm’s law – continuity equation for
current.
Definition of Inductance – Inductance of loops and solenoids – Definition of mutual
inductance – simple examples. Energy density in magnetic fields – Nature of magnetic
materials – magnetization and permeability - magnetic boundary conditions.

23
UNIT IV TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9

Faraday’s law – Maxwell’s Second Equation in integral form from Faraday’s Law –
Equation expressed in point form.
Displacement current – Ampere’s circuital law in integral form – Modified form of
Ampere’s circuital law as Maxwell’s first equation in integral form – Equation expressed
in point form. Maxwell’s four equations in integral form and differential form.
Poynting Vector and the flow of power – Power flow in a co-axial cable – Instantaneous
Average and Complex Poynting Vector.

UNIT V ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 9

Derivation of Wave Equation – Uniform Plane Waves – Maxwell’s equation in Phasor

form – Wave equation in Phasor form – Plane waves in free space and in a homogenous
material.
Wave equation for a conducting medium – Plane waves in lossy dielectrics –
Propagation in good conductors – Skin effect.
Linear, Elliptical and circular polarization – Reflection of Plane Wave from a conductor –
normal incidence – Reflection of Plane Waves by a perfect dielectric – normal and
oblique incidence. Dependence on Polarization. Brewster angle.

TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60

TEXTBOOKS

1. W H.Hayt & J A Buck : “Engineering Electromagnetics” TATA McGraw-Hill, 7th

Edition 2007 (Unit I,II,III ).
2. E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain “Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems.”
Pearson Education/PHI 4nd edition 2006. (Unit IV, V).

REFERENCES

1. Matthew N.O.Sadiku: “Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics” Oxford

University Press, 4th edition, 2007
2. Narayana Rao, N : “Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics” 6th edition,
Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2006.
3. Ramo, Whinnery and Van Duzer: “Fields and Waves in Communications
Electronics” John Wiley & Sons ,3rd edition 2003.
4. David K.Cheng: “Field and Wave Electromagnetics - Second Edition-Pearson
Edition, 2004.
5. G.S.N. Raju, Electromagnetic Field Theory & Transmission Lines, Pearson
Education, 2006

24
EC 44 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 3 0 0 3

AIM:

To teach the basic concepts in the design of electronic circuits using linear integrated
circuits and their applications in the processing of analog signals.

OBJECTIVES

 To introduce the basic building blocks of linear integrated circuits.

 To teach the linear and non-linear applications of operational amplifiers.
 To introduce the theory and applications of analog multipliers and PLL.
 To teach the theory of ADC and DAC
 To introduce the concepts of waveform generation and introduce some special
function ICs.

UNIT - I IC FABRICATION AND CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION FOR LINEAR ICS

9
Advantages of Ics over discrete components – Manufacturing process of monolithic Ics –
Construction of monolithic bipolar transistor – Monolithic diodes – Integrated Resistors –
Monolithic Capacitors – Inductors. Current mirror and current sources, Current sources
as active loads, Voltage sources, Voltage References, BJT Differential amplifier with
active loads, General operational amplifier stages -and internal circuit diagrams of IC
741, DC and AC performance characteristics, slew rate, Open and closed loop
configurations.

UNIT - II APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 9

Sign Changer, Scale Changer, Phase Shift Circuits, Voltage Follower, V-to-I and I-to-V
converters, adder, subtractor, Instrumentation amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator,
Logarithmic amplifier, Antilogarithmic amplifier, Comparators, Schmitt trigger, Precision
rectifier, peak detector, clipper and clamper, Low-pass, high-pass and band-pass
Butterworth filters.

UNIT - III ANALOG MULTIPLIER AND PLL 9

Analog Multiplier using Emitter Coupled Transistor Pair - Gilbert Multiplier cell - Variable
transconductance technique, analog multiplier ICs and their applications, Operation of
the basic PLL, Closed loop analysis, Voltage controlled oscillator, Monolithic PLL IC 565,
application of PLL for AM detection, FM detection, FSK modulation and demodulation
and Frequency synthesizing.

UNIT - IV ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS 8

Analog and Digital Data Conversions, D/A converter – specifications - weighted resistor
type, R-2R Ladder type, Voltage Mode and Current-Mode R  2 R Ladder types -
switches for D/A converters, high speed sample-and-hold circuits, A/D Converters –
specifications - Flash type - Successive Approximation type - Single Slope type - Dual
Slope type - A/D Converter using Voltage-to-Time Conversion - Over-sampling A/D
Converters.

25
UNIT - V WAVEFORM GENERATORS AND SPECIAL FUNCTION ICs 9

Sine-wave generators, Multivibrators and Triangular wave generator, Saw-tooth wave

generator, ICL8038 function generator, Timer IC 555, IC Voltage regulators - Three
terminal fixed and adjustable voltage regulators - IC 723 general purpose regulator -
Monolithic switching regulator, Switched capacitor filter IC MF10, Frequency to Voltage
and Voltage to Frequency converters, Audio Power amplifier, Video Amplifier, Isolation
Amplifier, Opto-couplers and fibre optic IC.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Sergio Franco, Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits,
3rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007.
2. D.Roy Choudhry, Shail Jain, Linear Integrated Circuits, New Age International
Pvt. Ltd., 2000.

REFERENCES:
1. B.S.Sonde, System design using Integrated Circuits , New Age Pub, 2nd
Edition, 2001
2. Gray and Meyer, Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits, Wiley
International, 2005.
3. Ramakant A.Gayakwad, OP-AMP and Linear ICs, Prentice Hall / Pearson
Education, 4th Edition, 2001.
4. J.Michael Jacob, Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits,
Prentice Hall of India, 1996.
5. William D.Stanley, Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits,
Pearson Education, 2004.
6. K Lal Kishore, Operational Amplifier and Linear Integrated Circuits, Pearson
Education, 2006.
7. S.Salivahanan & V.S. Kanchana Bhaskaran, Linear Integrated Circuits, TMH,
2008.

26
MA 45 PROBABILITY AND RANDOM PROCESSES 3 1 0 4
(Common to ECE & Bio Medical Engineering)

AIM
This course aims at providing the necessary basic concepts in random processes.
Knowledge of fundamentals and applications of random phenomena will greatly help in
the understanding of topics such as signals & systems, pattern recognition, voice and
image processing and filtering theory.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the course, the students would
 Have a fundamental knowledge of the basic probability concepts.
 Have a well-founded knowledge of standard distributions which can describe real
life phenomena.
 Acquire skills in handling situations involving more than one random variable and
functions of random variables.
 Understand and characterize phenomena which evolve with respect to time in
probabilistic manner.
 Be able to analyze the response of random inputs to linear time invariant systems.

UNIT I RANDOM VARIABLES 9+3

Discrete and continuous random variables – Moments - Moment generating functions
and their properties. Binomial, Poisson ,Geometric, Uniform, Exponential, Gamma and
normal distributions – Function of random variable.

UNIT II TWO DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES 9+3

Joint distributions - Marginal and conditional distributions – Covariance - Correlation and

Regression - Transformation of random variables - Central limit theorem (for iid random
variables)
UNIT III CLASSIFICATION OF RANDOM PROCESSES 9+3

Definition and examples - First order, second order, strictly stationary, wide-sense
stationary and ergodic processes - Markov process - Binomial, Poisson and Normal
processes - Sine wave process – Random telegraph signal process.

UNIT IV CORRELATION AND SPECTRAL DENSITIES 9+3

Auto correlation - Cross correlation - Properties – Power spectral density – Cross
spectral density - Properties – Wiener-Khintchine relation – Relationship between cross
power spectrum and cross correlation function

UNIT V LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH RANDOM INPUTS 9+3

Linear time invariant system - System transfer function – Linear systems with random
inputs – Auto correlation and cross correlation functions of input and output – White
noise.

LECTURES : 45 TUTORIALS : 15 TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

27
TEXT BOOKS
1. Oliver C. Ibe, “Fundamentals of Applied probability and Random processes”,
Elsevier, First Indian Reprint ( 2007) (For units 1 and 2)

2. Peebles Jr. P.Z., “Probability Random Variables and Random Signal Principles”,
Tata McGraw-Hill Publishers, Fourth Edition, New Delhi, 2002. (For units 3, 4
and 5).

REFERENCES
1. Miller,S.L and Childers, S.L, “Probability and Random Processes with
applications to Signal Processing and Communications”, Elsevier Inc., First
Indian Reprint 2007.

2. H. Stark and J.W. Woods, “Probability and Random Processes with

Applications to Signal Processing”, Pearson Education (Asia), 3rd Edition, 2002.

3. Hwei Hsu, “Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Probability, Random

Variables and Random Processes”, Tata McGraw-Hill edition, New Delhi, 2004.
4. Leon-Garcia,A, “Probability and Random Processes for Electrical Engineering”,
Pearson Education Asia, Second Edition, 2007.
5. Yates and D.J. Goodman, “Probability and Stochastic Processes”, John Wiley
and Sons, Second edition, 2005.

28
EC 46 CONTROL SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3

AIM
To familiarize the students with concepts related to the operation analysis and
stabilization of control systems

OBJECTIVES
 To understand the open loop and closed loop (feedback ) systems
 To understand time domain and frequency domain analysis of control systems
required for stability analysis.
 To understand the compensation technique that can be used to stabilize control
systems

1. CONTROL SYSTEM MODELING 9

Basic Elements of Control System – Open loop and Closed loop systems - Differential
equation - Transfer function, Modeling of Electric systems, Translational and rotational
mechanical systems - Block diagram reduction Techniques - Signal flow graph

2. TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS 9

Time response analysis - First Order Systems - Impulse and Step Response analysis of
second order systems - Steady state errors – P, PI, PD and PID Compensation, Analysis
using MATLAB

3. FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS 9

Frequency Response - Bode Plot, Polar Plot, Nyquist Plot - Frequency Domain
specifications from the plots - Constant M and N Circles - Nichol’s Chart - Use of
Nichol’s Chart in Control System Analysis. Series, Parallel, series-parallel Compensators
- Lead, Lag, and Lead Lag Compensators, Analysis using MATLAB.

4. STABILITY ANALYSIS 9
Stability, Routh-Hurwitz Criterion, Root Locus Technique, Construction of Root Locus,
Stability, Dominant Poles, Application of Root Locus Diagram - Nyquist Stability Criterion
- Relative Stability, Analysis using MATLAB

5. STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS & DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS 9

State space representation of Continuous Time systems – State equations – Transfer
function from State Variable Representation – Solutions of the state equations -
Concepts of Controllability and Observability – State space representation for Discrete
time systems. Sampled Data control systems – Sampling Theorem – Sample & Hold –
Open loop & Closed loop sampled data systems.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

29
TEXTBOOK:

1. J.Nagrath and M.Gopal,” Control System Engineering”, New Age International

Publishers, 5th Edition, 2007.
2. M.Gopal, “Control System – Principles and Design”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd
Edition, 2002.

REFERENCES:

1. Benjamin.C.Kuo, “Automatic control systems”, Prentice Hall of India, 7th

Edition,1995.
2. M.Gopal, Digital Control and State Variable Methods, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2007.
3. Schaum’s Outline Series,’Feedback and Control Systems’ Tata McGraw-
Hill, 2007.
4. John J.D’azzo & Constantine H.Houpis, ’Linear control system analysis and
design’, Tata McGrow-Hill, Inc., 1995.
5. Richard C. Dorf & Robert H. Bishop, “ Modern Control Systems”, Addidon –
Wesley, 1999.

30
EC 47 ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS II AND SIMULATION LAB 0 0 3 2

Design of following circuits

1. Series and Shunt feedback amplifiers:
Frequency response, Input and output impedance calculation
2. RC Phase shift oscillator, Wien Bridge Oscillator
3. Hartley Oscillator, Colpitts Oscillator
4. Tuned Class C Amplifier
5. Integrators, Differentiators, Clippers and Clampers
6. Astable, Monostable and Bistable multivibrators

SIMULATION USING PSPICE:

1. Differential amplifier
2. Active filters : Butterworth 2nd order LPF, HPF (Magnitude & Phase Response)
3. Astable, Monostable and Bistable multivibrator - Transistor bias
4. D/A and A/D converters (Successive approximation)
5. Analog multiplier
6. CMOS Inverter, NAND and NOR

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS (3 per Batch)

S.No Name of the equipments / Components Quantity Required Remarks

1 Variable DC Power Supply 8 (0-30V)
2 Fixed Power Supply 4 + / - 12V
3 CRO 6 30MHz
4 Multimeter 6 Digital
5 Multimeter 2 Analog
6 Function Generator 6 1 MHz
7 Digital LCR Meter 1
8 PC with SPICE Simulation Software 6
Consumables (Minimum of 25 Nos. each)
9 BC107, BF195, 2N2222, BC147
10 Resistors 1/4 Watt Assorted
11 Capacitors
12 Inductors
13 Diodes, Zener Diodes
14 Bread Boards

31
EC 48 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB 0 0 3 2
Design and testing of
1. Inverting, Non inverting and Differential amplifiers.
2. Integrator and Differentiator.
3. Instrumentation amplifier
4. Active lowpass, Highpass and bandpass filters.
5. Astable & Monostable multivibrators and Schmitt Trigger using op-amp.
6. Phase shift and Wien bridge oscillators using op-amp.
7. Astable and monostable multivibrators using NE555 Timer.
8. PLL characteristics and its use as Frequency Multiplier.
9. DC power supply using LM317 and LM723.
10. Study of SMPS.
11. Simulation of Experiments 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 using PSpice netlists.

Note: Op-Amps uA741, LM 301, LM311, LM 324 & AD 633 may be used
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS (3 per Batch)

S.No Name of the equipments / Components Quantity Required Remarks

1 Dual ,(0-30V) variable Power Supply 10 -
2 CRO 9 30MHz
3 Digital Multimeter 10 Digital
4 Function Generator 8 1 MHz
5 IC Tester (Analog) 2
6 Bread board 10
7 Computer (PSPICE installed) 1
Consumables (Minimum of 25 Nos. each)
1 IC 741 25
2 IC NE555 25
3 LED 25
4 LM317 25
5 LM723 25
6 ICSG3524 / SG3525 25
7 Transistor – 2N3391 25
8 Diodes, 25 IN4001,BY126
9 Zener diodes 25
10 Potentiometer
11 Step-down transformer 1 230V/12-0-12V
12 Capacitor
13 Resistors 1/4 Watt Assorted 25
14 Single Strand Wire

32
EC 49 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND CONTROL SYSTEM LAB 0 0 3 2
`
AIM

1. To expose the students to the basic operation of electrical machines and help
them to develop experimental skills.
2. To study the concepts, performance characteristics, time and frequency
response of linear systems.
3. To study the effects of controllers.

1. Open circuit and load characteristics of separately excited and self excited D.C.
generator.
2. Load test on D.C. shunt motor.
3. Swinburne’s test and speed control of D.C. shunt motor.
4. Load test on single phase transformer and open circuit and short circuit test on
single phase transformer
5. Regulation of three phase alternator by EMF and MMF methods.
6. Load test on three phase induction motor.
7. No load and blocked rotor tests on three phase induction motor (Determination of
equivalent circuit parameters)
8. Study of D.C. motor and induction motor starters.
9. Digital simulation of linear systems.
10. Stability Analysis of Linear system using Mat lab.
11. Study the effect of P, PI, PID controllers using Mat lab.
12. Design of Lead and Lag compensator.
13. Transfer Function of separately excited D.C.Generator.
14. Transfer Function of armature and Field Controller D.C.Motor.

P = 45 Total = 45
1. Open circuit and load characteristics of separately excited and self excited
D.C. generator.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 Motor Generator set - 1
2 Rheostat 200, 5A 1
175, 1.5A 2
3 Voltmeter DC 300V 1
30V 1
4 Ammeter DC 30A 1
2A 2
5 DPST switch 2
6 Three point starter 1
7 Tachometer 1

33
2. Load test on D.C. shunt motor.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 DC Motor - 1
2 Rheostat 175, 1.5A 1
3 Voltmeter DC 300V 1
4 Ammeter DC 30A 1
5 DPST switch 1
6 Three point starter 1
7 Tachometer 1

3. Swinburne’s test and speed control of D.C. shunt motor

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 DC Motor - 1
2 Rheostat 100, 5A 1
175, 1.5A 1
3 Voltmeter DC 300V 1
4 Ammeter DC 5A 1
2A 1
5 DPST switch 1
6 Tachometer 1

4. Load test on single-phase transformer and open circuit and short circuit
test on single-phase transformer.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 Single phase Transformer - 1
2 Wattmeter 300V, 5A,UPF 1
300V, 5A,LPF 1
3 Voltmeter AC 300V 2
4 Ammeter AC 5A 1
30A 1
5 Single phase auto-transformer 1
6 Resistive load 1

34
5. Regulation of three-phase alternator by EMF and MMF method.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 Motor Alternator set - 1
2 Rheostat 200, 5A 1
175, 1.5A 1
3 Voltmeter DC 300V 1
Voltmeter AC 600V 1
4 Ammeter DC 2A 1
Ammeter AC 30A 1
5 DPST switch 1
TPST switch 1
6 Tachometer 1

6. Load test on three phase Induction motor.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 Three Phase Induction Motor - 1
2 Wattmeter 600V, 10A,UPF 2
3 Voltmeter AC 600V 1
4 Ammeter AC 10A 1
5 Brake drum arrangement
6 Star delta starter 1
7 Tachometer 1

7. No load and blocked rotor test on three-phase induction motor

(Determination of equivalent circuit parameters)

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 Three Phase Induction Motor - 1
2 Wattmeter 600V, 10A,UPF 2
600V, 5A,LPF 2
3 Voltmeter AC 600V 1
150V 1
4 Ammeter AC 10A 1
5A 1
5 Brake drum arrangement
6 Three phase auto-transformer 1

35
8. Study of D.C. motor and Induction motor starters.

Sl. No. Apparatus

Quantity
1 Three point starter 1
2 Four point starter 1
3 Star-delta starter 1
4 DOL starter 1
5 Three phase auto-transformer 1

9. Digital simulation of linear systems.

Simulink software for minimum 3 users license

10. Stability analysis of linear system using Mat lab.

Matlab software for minimum 3 users license

11. Study of effect of P, PI, PID controllers using Mat lab.

Matlab software for minimum 3 users license

12. Design of lead and lag compensator.

Sl. No. Apparatus

1 Resistor
2 Capacitor
3 Function generator
4 Bread Board

13. Transfer function of separately excited D.C. generator.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 Motor Generator set - 1
2 Rheostat 200, 5A 1
175, 1.5A 2
3 Voltmeter DC 300V 1
30V 1
4 Ammeter DC 30A 1
2A 2
5 DPST switch 2
6 Three point starter 1
7 Tachometer 1

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14. Transfer function of armature and field controller D.C. motor.

Sl. No. Apparatus Range

Quantity
1 DC Motor - 1
2 Rheostat 175, 1.5A 1
3 Voltmeter DC 300V 1
4 Ammeter DC 30A 1
5 DPST switch 1
6 Three point starter 1
7 Tachometer 1

37
 HS 410 - COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND TECHNICAL SEMINAR - II

( Semester IV for all the B.E/ B.Tech students)

(To be conducted as a Practical Paper by the Depts of English for 3 hrs per week)

OBJECTIVES:
To improve the learners’ oral fluency in English
To help the learners acquire the readiness to speak in English
To develop the sub-skills required for paper presentations and group discussions
To help the learners improve their vocabulary related to specific fields of technology
To facilitate the development of the learners’ proficiency in meaningful interaction
To provide them linguistic support for managing vital sub-functions of communication

COURSE CONTENT:

A) Phonetic practice ( 7 hrs)

 All the English phonemes with special emphasis on the following
1) /ae/ and /ei/
2) /e/ and /i/
3) First syllable and second syllable stress
4) Three different ways of pronouncing ‘ed’ past tense
endings
eg. ‘played’, ‘walked’, ‘wanted’
5) Correct pronunciation of commonly used words ( A list of
1000 words will be suggested by the university)
6) Silent letters

C) Speech practice ( 8 hrs)

 Speaking on the themes by developing the hints provided.

The themes are:

1. Indian space missions
2. Converting agricultural wastes for useful purposes
3. Developments in transportation
4. Technology and agriculture
5. Impact of global warming
6. Desalination of water
7. Technology for national security
8. Industrial development and ecological issues
9. Applications of nano technology
10. Hazards of e-waste

D) Preparation of power point frames on the given topic ( 2hrs)

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 (Only pictures, graphs, equations should be given through power point and
not the text of the presentation as such)
D) Language Functions (14 hrs)

Reporting the conversation of others

Using the third conditional
Expressing agreement and disagreement
Numerical expressions
Describing manner and frequency
Evaluating different standpoints
Developing an argument
Describing daily routines, events, and weather

D) Seminar presentation on the themes allotted using power point frames (14 hrs)
`
PROCEDURE:

A) Phonetic practice
The learners should be given drills in the pronunciation of at least 30 words for
each sound. While practising stress patterns, they should be encouraged to identify as
many words as possible for each pattern.

B) Speech practice
Every student should be allowed to choose one theme to specialize in. (However
not more than 7 students in a section can choose the same theme).The teacher has to
prepare at least 4 hints development tasks on each theme and should provide chance
to each learner to speak on those hints related to his/ her theme (5 minutes).The hints
may be supplied to the students in advance. When a student speaks, the class should
be encouraged to ask questions as well as note down the words related to the different
fields.

C) Language Functions

The teacher should build micro activities to develop the use of language required to
handle these sub-functions of communication. In the process, the learners should get
used to the linguistic elements needed for these functions.

D) Seminar presentation on the themes allotted

Each student should collect materials from books, journals and newspapers for
his/her theme and prepare a short seminar paper. The presentation should be for 10
minutes using power point frames. It should be followed by an ‘open house’ during
which others should come forward to question, clarify, supplement or evaluate.

RECORD LAY OUT:

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Every student has to maintain a record in which he/she has to incorporate the following
details.
 First page containing learner details and the topic of specialization.
 Twenty words for each phoneme /ae/, /ei/, /i/ and /e/
 Fifty words with first syllable stress and fifty for second syllable stress (The
learner will be required to pronounce some of these words during the practical
exam)
 Vocabulary list (technical words and compound words) related to the 10 themes
identified for this semester.
 Three newspaper items, two journal items and three internet sources related to the
special theme selected by the student.(To be pasted on the pages)
 The seminar paper presented by the learner with a soft copy of the power point
frames.
 Notes of observation. ( Details about any two seminar paper presentations by
others)

The record should be duly signed by the course teacher and submitted to the external
Examiner for verification during the semester practicals.

MODE OF EVALUATION:

Internal Examiner (20 marks) (10 marks for the Record and 10 marks for the
seminar presentation)
External Examiner (80 marks)
The external practicals* will consist of the following segments (7 minutes approx. for
each student)
5. Pronouncing the target words.
6. Deploying linguistic elements for language functions
7. Speaking on the hints
8. A conversation with the examiner on the special theme as worked out in the
Record)

(*Every learner will be assessed with a different set of question which he/she will choose
at random)

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