Petroleum & Natural Gas Regulatory Board 

1st Floor, World Trade Centre, Babar Road, Connaught Place, New Delhi ‐110001 
Ph. 91‐11‐  23457700/23457744/23457751
Fax No.011-23709151

Petroleum & Natural Gas Regulatory Board seeks comments/views of all

stakeholders, consumers, experts, etc., on draft Regulation on “TECHNICAL
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDING SAFETY STANDARDS
FOR NATURAL GAS” up to 19th December, 2008.

The comments/views may be sent by e-mail to [email protected]

and/or by post addressed to Secretary, Petroleum & Natural Gas Regulatory Board, 1st
Floor, World Trade Centre, Babar Road, New Delhi -110001.
 
 DRAFT REGULATION
ON

TECHNICAL STANDARDS
AND

SPECIFICATIONS

INCLUDING SAFETY STANDARDS

FOR

NATURAL GAS PIPELINES

PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS

REGULATORY BOARD

Dated : 20th November, 2008

 NOTIFICATION

New Delhi, the…………

PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS REGULATORY BOARD

In exercise of the powers conferred by section 61 (h) of the Petroleum and Natural Gas
Regulatory Act, 2006 (19 of 2006), the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board
hereby makes the following regulations, namely:-

1. Short title and commencement.

(1) These Regulations may be called the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory
Board (Technical Standards and Specifications including Safety Standards for
Natural Gas Pipelines) Regulations, 2008.

(2) These regulations shall come into force on the date of their publication in the
Official Gazette.

2. Definitions

f t
(1) In these regulations unless the context otherwise requires,

a
(a) “Active Regulator” means a regulator in Pressure Regulating Station (PRS) that
normally controls the outlet pressure.

r
(b) “Active and Monitor Regulator System” means an arrangement of two

D
regulating devices in series, one (Active) normally to control the outlet
pressure and the other (Monitor) to assume control in the event of failure of
the active regulator.

(c) “Authorized Person” means a competent person who is assigned by the

owner or operator to carry out a specific job based on his competency
level as laid down by the Board under regulations.

(d) “natural gas pipeline entity” means an entity having pipeline including
spur lines for transportation of natural gas and includes all connected
equipments and facilities, such as, compressors, storage facilities, metering
units, etc. but excludes –

i. Dedicated pipeline laid to transport natural gas to a specific

customer to meet his requirement and not for resale;

ii. Pipelines in a city or local natural gas distribution network which

are regulated by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory
Board (Authorizing Entities to Lay, Build, Operate or Expand City
or Local Natural Gas Distribution Networks) Regulations, 2008.

(e) “city gas distribution (CGD) entity” means an entity authorised by the
Board under section 19 to lay, build, operate and expand the city or local
natural gas distribution network.

(f) “Competent Person” means an individual recognized by the Natural Gas

 Pipeline Network Owner or Operator based on his proficiency and skill set
achieved by appropriate combination of education, training and practical
experience in the critical traits as laid down by the Board under regulations.

(g) “Compressor Station (CS)” means an installation on the pipeline having

compressor unit(s) to boost gas pressure.

(h) “Creep Relief Valve” means a relief valve installed to relieve over pressure
caused by creep in the system and having maximum 1 % flow capacity.

(i) “Intermediate Pigging Station (IPS)” means an installation having facility for
receiving and launching of pigs for pigging operations.

(j) “Onshore” means areas other than offshore which will form the scope of this
standard. Feeder lines from jetty or other storage points will also form a part
of the onshore pipelines. The offshore and onshore coverage as per this
standard is depicted at Annexure- 1.

(k) “Operating Company or Operator” means an entity that operates Natural

Gas Pipeline Network with the authorization of the Board.

t
(l) “Owner” means an entity that owns the Gas Pipeline Network and has

f
been authorized by the PNGRB.

a
(m) “natural gas pipeline” means any pipeline including spur lines for transport

r
of natural gas and includes all connected equipments and facilities, such
as, compressors, storage facilities, metering units, etc. but excludes-

D
(i) Dedicated pipeline laid to transport natural gas to a specific
customer to meet his requirement and not for resale;
(ii) Pipelines in a city or local natural gas distribution network which
are regulated by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory
Board (Authorizing Entities to Lay, Build, Operate or Expand City
or Local Natural Gas Distribution Networks) Regulations, 2008.

Included within this definition are gas pipelines for offshore and onshore
coverage depicted at Annexure-I.

(n) “Positive Isolation” means the isolation with blind or spectacle blind in
case of flanged joints or with welding the cap in case of welded joints.

(o) “Right of User (RoU) or Right -of -Way (RoW)” means the area or portion of
land within which the pipeline operator or owner has acquired the right
through Petroleum and Minerals Pipelines (PMP) Act’1962 or in accordance
with the agreement with the land owner or agency having jurisdiction over
the land to lay and operate the natural gas pipelines.

(p) “Shall” means requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to

these regulations and from which no deviation is permitted.

(q) “Should” means that among several possibilities, one is recommended as

particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a
certain course of action is preferred but not obligatory.
 (r) “Slam Shut Valve” means a valve that is designed to close quickly in the
event of an abnormal pressure (whether excess or low) being detected at
a selected point in a gas pipeline system.

(s) “Sub Transmission Pipeline” means a high pressure pipeline connecting the
main natural gas pipeline to the city gate station but is owned by the CGD
entity.

(t) “Transmission system” means one or more segments of pipeline, usually

interconnected to form a network that transports gas from a gathering
system, the outlet of a gas processing plant, or a storage field to a high,
medium or low-pressure pipeline system, a large-volume customer, or
another storage field.

(2) Words and expressions used and not defined in these regulations, but defined in
the Act or in the rules or regulations made there under, shall have the meanings
respectively assigned to them in the PNGRB Act.

3. Application

These regulations shall apply to all the entities authorised by the Board to lay, build,

t
operate or expand natural gas pipelines under regulations 4(1), regulation 6,

f
regulation 17, regulation 18(1), regulation 19(1) of the of Petroleum and Natural Gas
Regulatory Board (Authorizing Entities to Lay, Build, Operate or Expand Natural Gas

a
Pipelines), Regulations, 2008 and any other natural gas pipeline including

r
dedicated pipelines notified by the Board from time to time.

4. Scope & Intent

D
4.1 Scope

These regulations shall cover Pipeline Design, materials and equipment, welding,
fabrication, installation, testing, operation and maintenance and corrosion
control of Natural Gas Pipelines (Transmission and/or Sub transmission) including
safety requirements for Natural Gas Pipelines. The pipelines coverage shall be
included as per the Annexure-I.

4.2 Intent

These standards are intended to ensure uniform application of design

principles and to guide in selection and application of materials and
components, equipment & systems and uniform operation and maintenance
of the pipeline system and shall primarily focuses on safety aspects of the
employees, public and facilities associated with natural gas pipelines.

5. The standard

Technical Standards and Specifications including Safety Standards (herein after

referred to as standard) for Natural Gas Pipelines are enclosed at Schedule – I which
cover Material and Equipment (Schedule – 1A), Welding (Schedule – 1B), Piping
System Components and Fabrication (Schedule – 1C), Design, Installation and Testing
(Schedule – 1D), Operating & Maintenance Procedures (Schedule – 1E), Corrosion
Control (Schedule – 1F) and Miscellaneous (Schedule – 1G).
6. Compliance of regulations:

(a) The Board shall monitor the compliance to these Technical Standards and
Specifications including Safety Standards either directly or through
accredited third party as per separate regulations on third party conformity
assessment.

(b) The entity shall submit self-certification within a month of notification of these
regulations and in addition to the above, the inspection report by the approved
or authorised third party shall also be submitted to the Board within six months of
notification. The above certifications and inspection report shall be submitted in
the format prescribed by the Board;

(c) Certifications referred to in para (a) shall be done for natural gas pipeline in
construction and commissioning phase and also in operation and maintenance
phase as per the periodicity fixed up by the Board in order to maintain integrity
of the existing pipeline system at all times.

(d) All critical activities defined by the Board in Appendix-I shall be complied
with the time limit and the implementation plan shall be submitted to the

t
Board by the entity for the above critical activities.

f
7. Default and consequences

r a
(1) There shall be a system for ensuring compliance to the provision of
these regulations through conduct of technical and safety audits
during the construction, commissioning and operation phase, as well

D
as on an on-going basis as may be specified from time to time.

(2) In the event of any default as per the sub regulation (1) mentioned
above, the entity shall qualify as defaulting entity under the regulation
16(1) of Petroleum& Natural Gas Regulatory Board (Authorizing Entities
to Lay, Build, Operate or Expand Natural Gas Pipelines), Regulations,
2008
(3) In case of any deviation or shortfall including following defaults, the
entities shall be given time limit for rectification of such deviations,
shortfalls and defaults. In case of non-compliance, the entity shall
be liable for termination of operation and/or termination of
authorization apart from any penal action under the provisions of
the Act.
a) If an entity fails to comply within the specified time limit of critical
activities at Appendix-I.
b) The entity defaulted three times under the regulation 16(1) of the
Petroleum& Natural Gas Regulatory Board (Authorizing Entities to
Lay, Build, Operate or Expand Natural Gas Pipelines), Regulations,
2008;
c) The entity found operating the pipelines beyond the designed
operating pressure conditions (either the original or de-rated
pressure);
d) Entity found operating the Pipeline system without conducting the
periodic hydro test as mentioned in these regulations;
 e) In the event of installations found unsafe to be operated as per the
third party periodic inspection assessment and compliance is not
achieved within the notice period by the Board.

8. Requirements under other Statutes.

It shall be necessary to comply with all statutory rules, regulations and Acts in
force as applicable and requisite approvals shall be obtained from the relevant
competent authorities for the Natural Gas Pipeline Network.

9. Miscellaneous

(i) Any dispute arising with regards to the interpretation of any of the provisions
of these regulations, the decision of the Board shall be final.

(ii) The Board may at any time effect appropriate modifications in these
regulations.

af t
D r
 APPENDIX-I
LIST OF CRITICAL ACTIVITIES
in
Natural Gas Pipelines

*******
Sr. Critical Infrastructure/ Time period for Implementation plan
No. Activity/ Processes implementation
Test record for radiography (as
can be submitted in
1 carried out before 3 months
stages within 3 months
commissioning)
Hydro-test (as carried out can be submitted in
2 3 months
before commissioning)Report stages within 3 months
Pipeline cathodic protection can be submitted in
3 3 months
record stages within 3 months
can be submitted in
4 Pipeline As-built records 3 months
stages within 3 months
If the pigging has not

t
been done for more

f
than 5 years for sour
gas and 10 years for

a
Intelligent Pigging shall be
sweet gas pipeline,
carried out to detect metal loss

r
5 2 years then the intelligent
for the pipelines of size NPS of
pigging shall be carried
18 and above .
out within two years,

D
otherwise relevant
records shall be
submitted.
HSE Management System
6 (including fire protection 6 months To be implemented
system)
Height of the vent shall be
7 minimum 3 meters above 6 months Increase height of vent
working level
Install gas detectors for
Gas detectors shall be installed
SCADA backed up
at Compressor station, gas
8 1year system, elsewhere,
receiving and delivery
hand held gas detector
terminals.
will be provided
For control room,
Environmental friendly fire switch gear and battery
9 extinguishing flooding system 2 years room, etc. (Co2 is
for closed space. acceptable only for
unmanned station)
HAZOP report to be
HAZOP shall be done for all
10 1 year submitted along with
the pipeline facilities
Mitigation plan
 Schedule – I

Technical Standards and Specifications including

Safety Standards
for
Natural Gas Pipelines

Schedule-1A MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Schedule-1B WELDING

f t
Schedule-1C PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS
AND FABRICATION DETAILS

Schedule-1D

D
Schedule-1E r TESTING
a
DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE

PROCEDURES

Schedule-1F CORROSION CONTROL

Schedule-1G MISCELLANEOUS
 Schedule – 1A

MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT Maximum limits on Carbon Equivalent (CE)

for steel line pipes shall be as follows:
All materials and equipment forming a
permanent part of any piping system For pipes having Carbon Content > 0.12%
constructed according to this standard shall
comply with the design and service CE(IIW) = C + Mn + Cr+Mo+V + Ni+Cu
6 5 15
requirements and shall be suitable for the CE (IIW) value shall be ≤ 0.43%.
intended fabrication and / or construction
methods. For pipes having Carbon Content ≤ 0.12%

MATERIALS FOR USE IN COLD CE(Pcm) =C + Si + Mn + Cu + Ni + Cr + Mo + V + 5B

CLIMATES 30 20 20 60 20 15 10

CE (Pcm) value shall be ≤ 0.25%.

Materials to be used in facilities exposed to
low ambient and / or low operating For Horizontal Directional Drilling crossing,

t
temperatures shall have adequate impact use of HSAW pipe is not recommended.

f
properties to prevent brittle fracture at such
low temperatures.

a
Mill Hydro Test
MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

r
Line pipes should be hydrostatically tested
In addition to standards and specification in pipe mill using test pressure that
covered in ASME B31.8, standards and

D
produces a hoop stress equal to 95% of
specifications listed in Annexure – II shall SMYS irrespective of material grade. for
also be acceptable for manufacturing of new pipeline, the test pressure shall be
various piping components forming part of held for a minimum period of 15 sec.
the natural gas pipelines and associated
facilities. Notch Toughness

Steel Pipe For steel pipes of size NPS 2 and above,

notch toughness shall be specified.
Carbon steel line pipe as per Line Pipe
Specification API 5L, shall be Seamless, Ductile Iron Pipe
Electric Welded (EW) or Longitudinal /
Helical Submerged Arc Welded Use of ductile iron pipes is not permitted for
(LSAW/HSAW) conforming to Product natural gas pipelines.
Specification Level (PSL-2).
EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Electric welded pipes manufactures to API
Specification 5L shall also meet additional Equipment used in natural gas pipelines
requirements specified under Annexure-III manufactured to standards listed in
of this standard Annexure-II of this standard shall also be
Carbon Equivalent acceptable.
 Schedule – 1B
WELDING

PREPARATION FOR WELDING All Non Destructive Testing (NDT) including

radiographic examination shall be
Butt Welds performed in accordance with the
Notches or laminations on pipe ends are requirements of API 1104 except that no
not permitted and must be removed by root crack shall be permitted.
cutting the pipe as a cylinder and re-
beveling of pipe end prior to welding. Regardless of operating hoop stress as well
as location class all carbon steel butt welds
Seal Welds in natural gas pipelines shall be subjected
to 100% radiographic examination and / or
As far as practical seal welding of threaded ultrasonic testing, The weld joints in vent
joints should be avoided. and drain piping open to atmospheric
pressure need not be radiographed /

t
QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND ultrasonically tested. Such welds however

f
WELDERS shall be visually examined and root pass of
at least 10% of such welds shall be
Requirements for Piping Systems Operating examined by Liquid Penetrant Tesing.

a
at Hoop Stresses of 20% or More of the

r
Specified Minimum Yield Strength All butt welded golden joints (i.e. welds
joints which are not subjected to pressure
Welding procedures and welders for testing, shall be subjected to 100%

D
welding of gas pipelines shall be qualified radiography as well as examination by
as per API 1104 and shall include ultrasonic techniques. Socket welded
toughness testing requirements as golden joins shall be tested by using Liquid
applicable for the line pipe. Penetrant Inspection (LPI) method or wet
Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) method
Welding procedures and welders, for station
piping shall be qualified as per ASME Boiler REPAIR OR REMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE
and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code Section WELDS IN PIPING INTENDED TO
IX or API 1104. OPERATE AT HOOP STRESS LEVELS OF
20% OR MORE OF THE SPECIFIED
MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH
INSPECTION OF WELDS
Welds having defects shall be removed or
Inspection and Tests for Quality Control repaired in accordance with API 1104.
of Welds on Piping System intended to
Operate at Hoops Stress Levels of 20% Repaired weld areas shall be subjected to
or More of the Specified Minimum Yield additional radiography and/or ultrasonic
Strength testing after repair.
 Schedule – 1C

PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND

FABRICATION DETAILS
Flanges and flanged components shall not
PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND be used in buried piping unless entire
FABRICATION DETAILS flange assembly is encapsulated in water
tight and electrically insulating materials
General
Bolting
In addition to standards and specifications
covered under ASME B 31.8 for various All stud bolts and nuts used in natural gas
piping components, piping components pipelines shall meet the design conditions
manufactured conforming to standards and and shall be hot dipped galvanized as per
specifications listed under Annexure – II of ASTM A153. Cast iron, brass or bronze
this standard shall be acceptable. materials are not permitted.

t
Fittings other than Valves and Flanges

f
Valves and Pressure Reducing Devices
Fittings made of cast iron and ductile iron

a
Valves having pressure containing shall not be used.

r
components including body, bonnet, cover,
end flanges etc. made of cast iron and / Gaskets
ductile iron shall not be used

D
Plain and compressed asbestos gaskets
Flanges shall not be used.

Flanges made of cast iron, ductile iron and

non-ferrous materials (brass or bronze)
shall not be used.
 Schedule – 1D

DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND TESTING

DESIGN INSTALLATION AND TESTING
When a cluster of buildings intended for
General Provisions human occupancy, indicates that a basic
mile (1600m) of pipeline should be
The selection of design for natural gas identified as location class 2 or location
pipelines shall be based on the gas class 3, location class 2 or location class 3,
properties, required flow rate operating may be terminated 200 m from the nearest
pressure and the environmental conditions. building in the cluster on either side (i.e. at
start of cluster and at end of cluster).
All components of the pipeline shall be
designed to be suitable and fit for purpose The boundary between location class 1 and
throughout the design life. location class 2 or location class 3 shall be
at least 200m away from the building
Cross country pipeline of size less than closest to the boundary.

t
NPS 4 shall not be used.

f
STEEL PIPE
Other design Requirements

a
Additional Requirement for Nominal Wall
Necessary calculations shall be carried out Thickness

r
to verify structural integrity and stability of
the pipeline for the combined effect of Consideration shall also be given to loading

D
pressure, temperature, bending, soil/pipe due to following while selecting nominal wall
interaction, external loads and other thickness t as per ASME B31.8 as
environmental parameters as applicable, appropriate:
during all phases of work from installation to - Overburden loads
operation. Such calculations shall include - Dynamic and seismic loads
but not limited to the following: - Cyclic and vibratory loads
- Internal pressure fluctuations
- Buoyancy control and stability - Geo-technical loads (including slides,
analysis for pipeline section to be differential settlement of piping, loss of
installed in areas subjected to support, and thermal effect of the
flooding / submergence, pipeline on soil properties).

- Crossing analysis of major rivers. Design Factors (f) and Location Classes

- Evaluation of potential for earthquake All exceptions to basic design factors to be

occurrence along pipeline route and used in design formula shall be as per
carrying out requisite seismic Table – 1 given herein this standard.
analysis to ensure safety and
integrity of the pipeline system. The minimum wall thickness for cross
country pipelines of size NPS 4” and above
Buildings Intended for Human shall be 6.4 mm.
Occupancy and Location Classes for
Design and Construction Pipelines or Mains on Bridges
Pipelines on railroad and vehicular bridges
For the purpose of determining number of should be avoided. Pipeline installed on
buildings for human occupancy and dedicated bridges shall be designed with
Location Class, 1 - mile distance shall be design factor as indicated in Table – 1.
replaced by 1600 m and fractions thereof.
 Table 1 - Design Factors for Steel Pipe Construction

Facility Location Class

1 2 3 4
Pipelines [Also See para. 840.21(b) of ASME
0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40
B31.8]
Crossings of roads, without casing:
(a) Private roads
0.72 0.60 0..50 0.40
(a) Unimproved public roads
0.60 0.60 0.50 0.40
(b) Roads, highways, or public streets, with
0.60 0.50 0.50 0.40
hard surface
Crossings of roads, with casing:
(a) Private roads
0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40
(b) Unimproved public roads
0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40
(c) Roads, highways, or public streets, with
0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40
hard surface and Railway crossings
Pipelines on bridges 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.40
Parallel Encroachment of pipeline on roads
and railways

t
(a) Private roads
0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40

f
(b) Unimproved public roads
0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40
(c) Roads, highways, or public streets, with
0.60 0.60 0.50 0.40
hard surface and Railway crossings

r a
River Crossing- open cut [1] 0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40
[1]
Horizontal Direction Drilling (HDD) 0.72 0.60 0.50 0.40

D
Compressor station piping 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.40
Fabricated assemblies (scraper traps, SV
stations, pressure/flow control and metering
0.60 0.60 0.50 0.40
facilities, etc.) [Also See para. 841.121 of
ASME B31.8]
Near concentration of people in Location
Classes 1 and 2 [2] 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.40

Notes:

1 Higher thickness may be used if required to control stresses or stability during installation
and operation.

2 Wherever, Table 841.114B is referred in ASME B31.8 it shall be read as per Table 1 of this
standard.
LOCATON AND LAYOUT OF PIPELINE VIII. Over Head power lines shall not be
INSTALLATIONS allowed to pass directly above the
process piping/equipment area and
• Location buildings.

Originating, intermediate and terminal Minimum Inter-distances between various

facilities of pipeline such as Originating station facilities and utilities shall be as per
Compressor Station / Originating Annexure - III.
Station, Intermediate Compressor
Station, Intermediate Pigging Station, • Piping Layout
Tap-off Station, Metering and
Regulating Stations and Sectionalizing Station piping may be installed above
Valve Stations etc. should be located ground or buried. Buried piping inside
considering following aspects: the terminal area should have a
minimum cover of 1.0 m from top of pipe
I. Functional and pipeline hydraulic to finished ground level.
requirements.
II. Environmental consideration based At internal storm water drains a
on Environmental Impact minimum cover of 300 mm with
Assessment (EIA) and Risk additional concrete slab extending at

t
Assessment (RA) study for the least 500 mm on either side of pipe

f
pipeline and stations. edge shall be provided.
III. The HAZOP and risk analysis.

a
IV. The availability of space for future Where buried pipes come above
augmentation of facilities. ground, the anti-corrosion coating on

r
V. Approachability, water table and the buried pipe will continue for a length
flood level and natural drainage. of at least 300 mm above ground.

D
In addition to above, compressor station Platforms and crossovers shall be
should be located at such clear provided for ease of operation and
distances from adjacent property not maintenance of above ground piping
under control of the pipeline owner / where required
operator so as to minimize the hazard of
communication of fire to the compressor PROTECTION OF FACILITIES
station from structures on adjacent
property. Properly laid out roads around various
facilities shall be provided within the
• Equipment Layout installation area for smooth access of fire
tenders etc. in case of emergency.
Following aspects be considered while
establishing station layout. Proper industry type boundary masonary
wall at least three (3) mts high including 0.6
I. Station equipment and their sizes mts barbed wire on top shall be provided all
II. Utility requirement. around the major installation such as
III. Flaring / cold venting requirements. dispatch station, compressor station,
IV. Operation and maintenance Sectionalizing Valve (SV) station and
philosophy of station equipment. delivery stations in line with MHA ( Ministry
V. . of Home Affairs) guidelines. For other
VI. Requirement of space and access installations 3.0 m high chain link fencing
around the compressor shed / house including 0.6 m barbed wire on top can also
and other equipment be provided.
VII. High Tension (HT) pole structure,
Transformers, Breakers and Motor Emergency exit with proper gate shall be
Control Centre (MCC) etc shall be e provided in the earmarked zone at all
located in non hazardous area. compressor stations.
Pipeline system should be equipped with a) Limit the hazard and damage from
following: accidental discharge from pipeline /
piping;
a. Supervisory Control and Data b) Facilitate repair and maintenance of
Acquisition (SCADA) System. pipeline / piping.
b. Leak detection system with
provision for identification / location Stations Block valves with remote shut off
of leak and isolation of affected provision from the control room shall be
section. provided at the inlet and outlet of the
c. Facilities for controlled blow down compressor station piping to isolate the
pipeline from compressor station facilities in
SCADA & TELECOM REQUIREMENTS case of emergency at compressor station

Gas pipeline system should be monitored Mainline /Sectionalizing valves shall be

and controlled using SCADA or equivalent installed on the pipeline for the operation
monitoring and control system to ensure and maintenance and control of
effective and reliable control, management emergencies. Spacing between mainline
and supervision of the pipeline. valves / sectionalizing valve in various
Location Classes shall not exceed values
Compressor Stations, Intermediate Pigging given in Table – 2.

t
Stations, Dispatch and Receiving Stations,

f
Sectionalizing Valve stations with remote Table - 2
operation capabilities as well as Telecom Maximum

a
Repeater Stations / Cathodic Protection Location Class Distance in kms
Stations (in case located independent of

r
other facilities) should have suitable field 1 32
signals’ connectivity with the control 2 24

D
system. 3 16
4 8
Application software modules / functions
should be based on the requirement of
pipeline operating company. Overhead power lines shall not be allowed
to cross directly over the process area of
Provision shall be made for transmitting the the valve station facilities.
Pressure, Temperature, Flow measurement
& gas composition data etc. through The provisions of remote operation should
SCADA system to Central Gas be as per the operation and control
Management Systems (as and when it is philosophy adopted for the pipeline by the
established) pertaining to gas entry , gas owner / operating company.
exit and compressor stations. PNGRB shall
allow a suitable time period to the entities Valve should preferably be installed below
for implementation of this system ground and provided with suitable stem
extension for ease of operation.
PIPELINE SYSTEM AND COMPONENT
Sectionalizing block valve in the piggable
Utility Piping section of pipeline shall be full bore type to
All utility piping at Station shall comply with allow safe passage of pigs. The bore size
the requirement of ASME B31.3. shall conform to API 6D / ISO-14313.

• Valves Actuator for the actuated valves may be

selected based on type of valve, availability
Valves shall be provided for isolating of power and project philosophy preferably
sections of pipeline / station piping in order operating on the fluid in the pipeline system.
to:
As far as practical, all mainline isolation
valves should be with butt weld ends. Table - 3
Flanged end valves shall not be used in
Nominal Pipe Minimum Bend
buried piping except at the locations where
Size (inch) Radius
hot tapping operation is to be carried out for
which, buried valve with flanged ends may
be used to facilitate mounting of hot tapping 12 and below 21D
machine. 14 to 16 30 D
18 and above 40 D
Valve surface shall be applied with suitable
corrosion protection coating. Where ‘D ‘ is outside diameter of steel pipe.

Sectionalizing Valve (s) station shall have The minimum bend radius shall be 3D.
blow down or vent line connection to
evacuate the isolated pipeline section in • Insulating Joints
case of an emergency and / or repair. The
size of the connections for blowing down Insulating joints shall be provided to
the mainline line shall be not be less than electrically isolate the buried pipeline from
1/3rd of the mainline size. the above ground pipeline

All joints between the mainline pipe and the • Branch Connections

t
first valve on the branch, including the inlet

f
to first valve, should be welded joint in order Branch connections of size below NPS 2
to restrict possible leakage which can not are not recommended in buried pipeline

a
be isolated by the closure of the valve. section.

r
• Pigging Facilities All branch connections from mainline shall
be provided with an isolation valve located
at a minimum possible distance from the

D
Main gas pipelines and feeder lines, spur
lines and branch lines of 4” and above size main pipeline.
and length greater than 10km shall be
provided with pigging facilities. Where welded or forged branch
connections are installed in the pipelines
Spacing between consecutive pigging designed for pigging, special branch
stations shall be determined based on the connections should be used to ensure that
diameter of pipeline, nature of pigging the pig is not damaged while passing the
operation and capability of the pigs. connection.
Spacing in excess of 200 km shall be
avoided. Flow tees or guided bar tees should be
used to ensure smooth passage of pigs.
Pigging stations shall be provided with all
weather access road from the nearest road • Flanged or Threaded joints, Bolts,
Nuts, Gasket and other Fittings
• Bends
Threaded joints shall not be used in
The minimum radius of Cold Field Bend underground sections of cross country
shall be as per Table – 3. pipelines. Threaded joints may be permitted
in above-ground stations / above ground
Use of Mitre bends shall not be permitted. section of SV stations, only if a welded
isolation valve is provided before it.

The flanged joint shall be made using either

spiral wound metallic gaskets or metallic
ring type gaskets. Plain asbestos sheet /
reinforced gaskets / CAF gaskets shall not
be used.
• Metering Facilities Refinery Instruments and Control Systems.

Appropriate type of meters shall be installed • Communication

at all custody transfer points meeting
requirements of American Gas Association A reliable and dedicated communications
(AGA) standard as agreed mutually system to interact between various stations
between buyer and seller. Dry gas filters including sectionalizing valve station, with
may be installed at the upstream of the remote operation capability, along the entire
meters if required by the manufacturer of pipeline shall be designed, installed and
meters maintained to ensure safe operations under
both normal and emergency situations.
• Electrical Installations of Pipeline
Stations • Compressor Station

Area Classification of Pipeline Installation, The compressor station(s) shall be

as basis for Selection of Electrical designed in accordance with the
Equipment for Natural Gas Pipeline Station, requirements of ASME B31.8.
shall follow IS-5572. The specification of
Electrical equipments shall be in line with IS Typical facilities at a typical gas
:- 5571, “Guide for selection of Electrical compressors stations is enclosed at

t
Equipment for Hazardous Area”.. Fire Annexure- IV and shall consist of following:

f
protection in Electrical installations shall be
designed as per relevant IS standard as Compressor

a
enclosed in Annexure -II.
Centrifugal type process gas

r
All electrical equipment, systems, structures compressors shall be designed in
and fencing, etc. shall be suitably earthed in accordance with API-617. Other

D
accordance with IS 3043. Compressors shall be designed in
accordance with API-618. For small size
The earthing system shall have an earthing compressors, API-11P may also be
network grid with required number of considered
electrodes. All Electrical equipment
operating above 250 volts shall have two Compressor station for National Gas
separate and distinct connections to earth Grid shall have provision for reverse
grids. Separate earthing grid shall be flow.
provided for instrument and electrical
power. Gas after Coolers

Lightening protection shall be provided as Coolers may be installed to bring down

per the requirements of IS:2309. Self the compressed gas temperature to
conducting structures having metal desired level before it is introduced in
thickness of more than 4.8 mm may not the down stream pipeline.
require lightning protection with aerial rod
and down conductors. They shall, however, Station Bye Pass: Compressor station
be connected to the earthing system, at shall have a bye pass to facilitate flow of
least, at two points at the base in line with gas in the pipeline without entering the
relevant IS standard as enclosed in compressor station.
Annexure -II.
All gas compressor units shall be
• Instrumentation and Control System equipped with shutdown or alarm
devices to operate in the event of
Instrumentation and control system for the inadequate cooling or lubrication of the
Pipeline system shall in general meet the units.
requirement of API Standard API-RP-551 to
API-RP-556 "Manual on Installation of
 All compressor buildings or Emergency shutdown system shall be
Compressors skids shall have fixed gas operable from at least 2 locations away
detectors to detect leakage of gas from the gas area of the station out of which
inside the unit and generate alarm and one should be located in the field out side
trip signals for the unit in case the gas the compressor building.
concentration in air is more than 20% of
lower explosive limit. • Pressure Limiting Devices

Heat detectors shall be installed in the Over pressure shut off valves shall be
compressor buildings or compressors provided upstream of pressure controlling
skids to initiate shut down of the unit, system / regulators along with alarm
isolation of the compartment and provision incase of failure of the pressure
release of clean agent / CO2 inside the control system / regulators.
unit in the event of occurrence of fire.
Pipe size shall be such that gas velocities in
Environment friendly Flooding fire the piping shall not be more than 20
extinguishing system shall only be used mts/sec for unfiltered gas and 40 mts/sec
either as an existing installation or when for filtered gas at peak condition. Sound
there is no manning the enclosure. pressure level shall be the maximum limit
prescribed by environment dept / pollution

t
Flooding system for CO2 / clean agent control board..

f
shall be applicable only in case of
enclosed compressor area, Any equipment or section of the pipeline

a
containing Natural Gas in the form of
Smoke detectors shall be installed in the trapped volume shall be protected against

r
control room of compressor station excessive pressure developed due to rise in
building, and cable trenches in electrical surrounding temperature by installing

D
sub -station to initiate alarm in case of suitable safety relief valves. The discharge
detection of smoke. of the safety relief valves shall be
connected to vent line system. All such
Conventional break glass type fire alarm safety relief valves shall have lock open
system shall be installed at all strategic type isolation valve upstream of relief valve.
locations of the stations. In addition lock open isolation valve
downstream of relief valve shall be provided
SAFETY DEVICES AND FEATURES if vent is connected to flare header.

The safety system for compression facilities Pressure safety valves of sufficient capacity
and gas transportation system shall consist and sensitivity or other safety devices /
of following: system shall be installed to ensure that the
normal operating pressure of the system
• Emergency Shutdown System does not exceeded by more than 10%, of
the Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure
Compressor station shall be provided with (MAOP).
an emergency shutdown system by means
of which the gas can be vented out of the • Vent Lines
system, Operation of the emergency
shutdown system shall also shutdown all Vent line shall be designed and installed to
gas compressing equipments, all gas fired vent out the gas from relief valves, if
equipment, and shall de-energize the provided, to atmosphere. Blow down piping
electrical facilities located in the vicinity of connected to vent line should extend to
gas headers and in the compressor shed, location where the discharge of gas shall
except those that provide emergency not create a hazard to the compressor
lighting and those that are necessary for station or the surrounding area.
protection of the equipment.
The discharge from safety valve shall be
TABLE 4 - MINIMUM COVER
vented vertically upwards to atmosphere at
REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPELINES
an elevation of 3 meter (minimum) above
working level or the tallest structure within a Sl Locations Minimum
radius of 15 meters which ever is higher ( No. Cover
Only in case of Compressor station) for in meters [i]
effective dispersion of hydrocarbons. In this
case, isolation valves on down stream of i) Normal / rocky 1.0
safety valve are not required. Isolation valve terrain
shall be provided downstream of safety ii) Drainage, ditches at 1.2
valve if the safety valve discharge line is roads / railway
connected to flare header. crossing
iii) Minor river 1.5
INSTALLATION & CONSTRUCTION crossings, tidal
areas and other
Pipeline shall be buried below ground level, watercourses [ii]
unless construction above ground is found iv) Major river crossings 2.5

t
[ii]
to be desirable for exceptional reasons

f
v) River with rocky bed 1.5
• Pipeline Cover

a
vi) lined canals / drains 1.5
Gas pipelines shall be buried with a / nalas etc.

r
minimum cover as specified in Table 4 vii) Cased / uncased 1.2
road crossing [iii]

D
In rocky areas and areas with hard soils / viii) Cased railway 1.7
gravels, minimum 150 mm thick padding of crossing [iii]
soft soil / sand shall be provided all around
NOTES:
the pipe. If required protective layer of
rock-shield / rock guard or concrete coating i. Cover shall be measured from the
may be provided to prevent damage to top of coated pipe to the top of the
coating / steel pipe during installation and undisturbed surface of soil or the top
testing in place of soft padding, of graded working strip, whichever is
lower. The fill material in the working
No dwellings or construction in any form strip shall not be considered in the
shall be permitted within RoU. depth of cover

• Excavation ii. For river / watercourses that are

prone to scour and / or erosion, the
In cultivable land and other specifically specified cover shall be measured
designated areas, the top 300mm soil from the expected lowest bed profile
excavated from the trench shall be stored after scouring / erosion. Where
separately. This top soil shall be replaced in scour level is not known, an
original position after backfilling and additional cover of at least 1 meter
compacting of the rest of the trench. (Over and above the cover
mentioned as above in the Table 4)
The width of trench shall be such that a shall be provided from the existing
minimum clear distance of 200mm for bed of the river/water course except
trench in normal soil and 300mm for trench in case of Rocky bed.
in rock is maintained between edge of pipe iii. The cover shall be measured from the
and the trench wall at the bottom of the top of road or top of rail, as the case
trench. may be.
iv. Whenever the above provisions of highway / rail crossing is installed using a
cover can not be provided due to site casing pipe, minimum diameter, thickness
constraints, additional protection in and length of casing pipe shall comply with
form of casing/ concreting etc. shall be API RP-1102. Carrier pipe shall be
provided. adequately supported inside casing pipe
using casing insulators made of durable
v. When insisted by authorities the depth and electrically non-conductive materials.
shall be maintained as per the Casing end seals shall be installed to
directions of the concern authorities. prevent ingress of water and / or foreign
material into casing in case the carrier pipe
The location of a new buried pipeline, when is protected with zinc ribbon anodes. Vent
running parallel to an existing buried and drains shall be provided on near ends
pipeline, should be at a minimum clear of the casing pipe. If required, the carrier
distance of 5.0 meters from the existing pipes outside the casing pipe shall be
underground pipeline when heavy independently supported
conventional construction equipment is
expected to be utilized. This distance may When the casing pipe is being filled with
be reduced after careful assessment of bentonite there is no need to provide the
construction methodologies so that it does end seals.
not result in unsafe conditions during

t
construction. In any case the minimum clear Carrier pipe / casing pipe may be installed

f
distance shall not be less than 3.0 meters. by open cut, boring, jacking or other
Existing pipeline should be clearly marked suitable trench less techniques.

a
on the ground during construction. Bi-
language (local language and Hindi / • Crossing of Utilities

r
English) caution signs should be installed
When a buried pipeline has to cross any
while working in such areas.
existing underground pipeline, cable, drain

D
or other services, the pipeline shall be laid
While laying more than one new pipeline in
at least 500 mm below such services.
the same trench, clear separation of
Where it is not possible to obtain the above
minimum 500mm shall be maintained
mentioned clearance, special design and
between adjacent pipelines.
construction shall be used.
No pipeline should be located within 15.0
When laid parallel to any existing
meters of any private dwelling or any
underground pipeline, cable, drain or other
industrial building or place of public
services, the underground pipeline shall be
assembly in which persons work,
laid with a clear horizontal distance of at
congregate or assemble, unless it is
least 500 mm. Where it is not possible to
provided with at least 300 mm of cover over
maintain the above mentioned clearance,
and above minimum cover specified in
special design and construction shall be
Table 4. or the other mitigation measure
used.
provided like higher pipe wall thickness /
protection with RCC Slab.
A clearance sufficiently large to avoid
electrical fault current interference shall be
• Crossing
maintained between the pipeline and the
As far as possible, pipeline should cross grounding facilities of electrical transmission
existing facility at right angles. Turning lines.
Points (TPs) provided on either side of
crossings shall be located at sufficient A minimum separation of 3 meter should be
distance away from RoU/RoW of existing maintained between pipeline and
facility to facilitate installation of bends transmission tower footings. Cold field
except when the pipeline runs parallel to bends
existing facility. Minimum cover shall be as
per Table 4.
When insisted by authorities, road /
The radius of cold field bends shall be as applied coating, to detect any holiday in the
specified in Table 3. coating including field joint coating. Any
The ends of each bend length shall be coating defect or damage identified by
straight and not involved anyway in the holiday detection shall be repaired.
bending. In no event shall the end of the
bend be closer than 0.5 m or equal to pipe • Backfilling
outside diameter, whichever is small, from
the end of a pipe or within one meter of a Backfilling shall be carried out immediately
girth weld. The ovality in each pipe after to the extent possible after the pipeline has
bending shall be less than 2.5 percent of been lowered into the trench.
the nominal diameter, at any point.
Excavated soil from the trench shall be
Bends shall be checked by pulling a used for backfilling unless the same is not
gauging pig fitted with gauging plate of suitable. The backfill material shall contain
diameter equal to 95 percent of the nominal no extraneous material and / or hard lumps
internal diameter of the pipe. The pig shall of soil, which could damage the pipe and /
have at least two cups not less than 300mm or coating or leave voids in the backfilled
apart or pipe nominal diameter which ever trench.
is larger.
In cultivable land and other specifically

t
Pipes with longitudinal welds shall be bend designated areas, top soil excavated from

f
in such a way that weld lies in the plane the trench and stored separately, shall be
passing through neutral axis of the bend. restored to normal conditions.

a
Corrosion coating after bending shall be Slope breakers or other measures shall be

r
visually examined and holiday tested for installed in trenches dug in steep areas
defects.. Any defects or disbonding of the (slope of generally 10 percent and more) to

D
coating caused during bending (including prevent erosion of the back fill. RoU should
forced ridges in the coating) shall be be provided with drainage ditches to allow
repaired. water run-off and avoid backfill wash out.

• Lowering • Pipeline Markers

Before lowering operations are Pipeline markers to indicate presence of

commenced, particular attention should be pipeline and chainage shall be provided all
paid to the suitability of the trench to allow along the pipeline route at a maximum
the pipeline to be lowered without damage spacing of 1 km. The markers shall also be
to the coating and to give a reasonably provided on each side of highways
even support to the pipeline. (NH/SH), major district roads (MDR),
railway crossings and water body crossings.
All points on the pipeline where the coating At other crossings where third party activity
has been in contact with either the skids or is expected and at entrance to stations one
with the lifting equipment during the laying marker shall be provided.
operation shall be carefully inspected for
damages, dents or other defects. Defect, if Markers at crossings shall display caution,
any, shall be completely repaired. words “Gas Pipeline” name of the operating
company, emergency telephone contact
Short completed sections of the pipeline nos. etc. in regional / Hindi and English
should be cleaned with compressed air in languages.
order to remove dirt from the inside of pipe
sections • Cleaning of Pipeline

Before lowering in, full circumference of the Before hydro testing, the section of the
pipe shall be checked by holiday detector, pipeline shall be cleaned and checked for
set at an appropriate voltage suitable for the the geometry of the pipeline.
A gauging pig shall be passed through the The maximum test pressure shall
pipeline to prove the internal diameter of the not exceed the mill test pressure or
entire pipeline. The gauging plate shall pressure required to produce a hoop
have a diameter equal to 95% of the stress equal to 95 percent of SMYS
internal diameter of the thickest line pipe of the pipe material based on
used in the pipeline. The gauging plate minimum wall thickness in the test
should preferably be made of Aluminum section.
plate. The test duration shall be
maintained for a minimum twenty
TESTING AFTER CONSTRUCTION four (24) hours or as required by
statutory authorities.
• Testing
In case of any pressure drop beyond
All pipeline sections shall be hydro tested 1 Barg over and above the
after construction except for pre-tested permissible pressure drop due to
pipes used in tie-in spools. temperature variation, then the total
section under test shall be further
No welding (other than tie-in welds) and / or subjected to 24 hours tightness test.
mechanical handling of pipe is permitted
after pressure testing. Mainline valves should be installed

t
. after successful pressure testing of

f
the pipeline
Cased crossings (rail/road) and rivers

a
crossing sections shall be pressure tested Table – 5: Minimum Test Pressure
before and after installation for a period of

r
at least four (4) hours. Such sections shall Location Pressure Requirement
be retested along with completed mainline Class

D
sections.
1 1.25 x Design Pressure
Water should be used as test medium.
When required, test water may be dosed 2 1.25 x Design Pressure
with required quantity of corrosion inhibitors
and oxygen scavenger depending upon 3 1.40 x Design Pressure
quality of the water.
4 1.40 x Design Pressure
API-1110 recommended practices should
be used as guidance for the pressure
testing of the pipeline. Pressure variations during testing
shall be acceptable, if caused by
• Test Pressure and Duration factors other than leakage, like
temperature variations. Maximum
¾ Pipeline unaccounted pressure variation
shall not exceed 0.3 bar. Pipelines
The minimum test pressure at any not meeting the requirements shall
point along the pipeline shall be as be repaired and retested in
given in Table 5. accordance with the requirements of
this standard
 of following pipeline activities:
¾ Above Ground Station Piping a. Gauging and cleaning
b. Hydro testing
Pressure testing of station piping c. Installation of Mainline /
shall be carried out separately from Sectionalizing Valve stations
pipeline. d. All tie-ins.
e. Completion of all facilities on the
Station piping shall be tested at pipeline
minimum test pressure of 1.4 times
the design pressure. • Pre-commissioning / Inertization

The test pressure shall be Required inertization of the station piping

maintained for a minimum period of and pipeline shall be carried out by use of
four (4) hours nitrogen or by vacuum drying. Care should
be taken to ensure explosive mixture of gas
¾ Low Pressure Leak Check and air in the pipeline / piping does not
form. Residual oxygen content in the
All flanged joints in above ground pipeline / piping shall be less than 2.0
pipeline / piping, equipment, percent (vol / vol).
instrument impulse tubing, etc. shall

t
be tested by pressurizing the piping • Preservation of Pipeline

f
system / equipment with dry
compressed air or Nitrogen or gas at If the pipeline commissioning after pressure

a
a pressure of 7.0 kg/cm2g and testing is anticipated to be delayed beyond
checked by means of soap solution / six (6) months, suitable preservation

r
suitable digital gauge for leaks technique shall be adopted to prevent
internal corrosion during such period.
•

D
Dewatering and Drying
Pipeline may be preserved using inhibited
After hydro testing of the pipeline sections / dosed with adequate quantity of corrosion
station piping the section shall be inhibitors or by filling the line with any inert
dewatered immediately except when the gas and at a positive pressure
section is filled with inhibitor, after
dewatering the section shall undergo • Commissioning
swabbing. Further pipeline should be dried
either by super dry air or vacuum drying to There shall be documented commissioning
at least – 8 deg centigrade dew point. procedure to cover all the activities for
pipeline sections under commissioning and
Alternatively the pipeline after hydro test to ensure proper communication while
is depressurized to atmospheric commissioning work.
pressure with water in place. This water
column is displaced by 1 or 2 Nitrogen
column of 2 to 3 km long than the dry The commissioning operation shall be
natural gas column. Each column is controlled and supervised by authorized
separated by uni-directional pigs. The personnel.
Hydrocarbon gas/ gas/ mixture receiving
end to be burnt till the pipelines is dried The local administration and other statuary
to required level. bodies what so ever applicable shall be
informed and work shall be carried out
• Geometric Survey under qualified safety officer.

Survey to establish pipeline geometry using Upon completion of the Gas-in process
there shall be a commissioning report
Electronic Geometric Pigs (EGP) may be endorsed by the authorized person and the
conducted after completion and acceptance safety officer.
 VI. A complete pipe book.
Before starting commissioning activities, VII. Pressure test records include location
following shall be ensured: of leaks or failures, if any, and
description of repair under taken.
a. Commissioning Procedure in place VIII. As - built drawings including pipeline
IX. Strength, tightness and leak test
b. Pressure testing is completed for reports
entire pipeline and associated X. Complete asset of each location with
station piping identification.
c. Low pressure leak check of the XI. NDT records of welds
above ground piping / flanged joints XII. Geometric survey reports, if
completed. applicable.
d. Pipeline has been cleaned and XIII. Cleaning and drying records
debris etc. removed. XIV. Commissioning reports
e. All mainline / sectionalizing valves XV. Non-conformance/ deviation reports
are installed as per requirement. XVI. Calibration records of Inspection,
f. All Golden joints are inspected and Measuring & Metering and Test
accepted. equipment
g. Geometric survey of pipeline section XVII. Audit compliance reports
is carried out if applicable.

t
h. Trained and experience personnel XVIII. Statutory clearances

f
are available / deployed to carry out XIX. Approved drawings/documents
commissioning. XX. International practices

a
XXI. Equipment manuals.
DOCUMENTATION

r
Besides the details mentioned in the ASME

D
B31.8 clause 867, the Pipeline owner shall
also maintain following records/ documents:

I. Design & Engineering documents

II. Route maps, alignment sheets,
crossings, drawings, Piping and
Instrumentation Diagrams, station
layouts,
III. Vendor and subcontractor
assessments and records
IV. Inspection and maintenance reports
V. Material certification including
dimension, metallurgy, performance
and functional report
 Schedule – 1E

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Operating and maintenance of natural mutual aid system

gas pipelines shall be in accordance with • Hazard Identification Processes such
requirements of ASME B31.8 except as HAZOP
insofar as such requirements are • Risk Analysis and Risk Assessment
specifically cancelled, replaced or Process such as QRA
amended by the requirements specified • Safety and Technical Competency
herein this standard.. System.
• An Operational Health and Safety
Legal applicability Matrix as well as
OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE Operational Health and Safety
PROCEDURES AFFECTING THE (OH&S) Legal Compliance matrix.
SAFETY OF GAS TRANSMISSION AND

t
DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES

f
Essential Features of an Operating and
Basic Requirements Maintenance Plan

a
The entity operating natural gas pipeline Besides the items recommended for

r
shall have an effective Health, Safety and inclusion in the operating and maintenance
Environment Management System (HSE plan, mentioned in ASME B31.8, the

D
Management System) and Management of following shall also be included in the
Change System in place to ensure overall Operating and Maintenance System:
safety during operation and emergencies.
1. Operating Philosophy and
The HSE Management System shall cover Procedures
the following key elements.
An operating philosophy document
• HSE Policy Statement clearly indicating the operational
• Organizational objectives to ensure procedures required and the safe
implementation of the policy operating parameters shall be
• Set of detailed processes supporting developed. Operating procedures, with
each activities of the HSE suitable operational controls based on
management system. formal hazard identification & risk
• Implementation of control and assessment, shall be developed. A
monitoring activities documented isolation philosophy shall
• Periodic, monitoring, review and be prepared and provided to
reporting of performance operational personnel. A drawing
• Audit of internal and external activities showing the orientation of the plant,
location of major services, entry and
Following processes shall be prepared as emergency exits etc. at compressor
part of HSE Management System: station. It should also show the main
components, including their
• Emergency Management System to identification number.
safely handle emergencies with
minimal risk. In order to provide safe working
• Disaster Management Plan conditions and to carry out the work
encompassing offsite and onsite safely, a work permit system shall be
emergency response plans and followed. The basic purpose of the
work permit system is to ensure that are well within the defined boundary
work is carried out in the safest limits.
possible manner to prevent injuries to
personnel, protect property from The operating staff should maintain
damage, avoid fire etc. vigilance for detection and control of
any leakage.
Action in the event of emergency shall
be clearly established and understood Gas Detectors, duly calibrated, shall be
by all concerned and displayed available at Compressor Station to
prominently. Personal Protective monitor the leakage at flanges and
Equipments (PPE) shall be provided instrument tapings
and used by all operating personnel.
The Operation Philosophy shall include
Do’s and Don’ts shall be displayed at as a minimum, the following
scrapper trap, Sectionalizing Valve
Station, Block Valve Station, and a. System Description
Compressor Station area. “No Mobile b. Operational set points
phone”, “No smoking sign”, “No lighter / c. Initial start up
matches” shall be displayed at d. Temporary operations
Compressor Station, Sectionalizing e. Normal operations

t
Valve Station and Block Valve Station f. Normal shut down procedure

f
area. Do’s and Don’ts, safety g. Emergency Shut Down (ESD)
precautions, emergency telephone procedures including conditions

a
nos. shall be displayed causing ESD
h. C.P Systems

r
The list of operating instructions, ESD
trips, set pressure should be displayed

D
in the Control Room and near all
important operating equipments 2. Maintenance Philosophy and
Procedure
Operating personnel shall possess
adequate knowledge and experience to A maintenance philosophy document
ensure functioning of the natural gas clearly indicating the Preventive
pipelines in a safe and efficient Maintenance Plan, and various
manner. procedures required shall be
developed.
Important operational activities shall be
logged and records of such activities A detailed maintenance procedure
shall be maintained. All natural gas shall be developed for entire pipeline
pipelines operations shall be carried system considering the
out under the supervision of authorized recommendations given by the Original
person(s). Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
keeping in mind the local conditions.
Limits of operating parameters The manual should include preventive
including level, pressure and any other maintenance schedule with periodicity
condition as set for sound and safe i.e. daily, weekly, monthly, half yearly
operations shall not be exceeded. In and yearly.
case any abnormal operating
conditions are encountered, the causes Procedures for emergency repair of
shall be investigated and corrective piping / pipelines using leak clamps,
actions taken. An Alarm Management hot tapping and stopple plugging, and
System shall be established to ensure other repair methods should also be
that all the alarms are monitored, included as part of manual.
analyzed, segregated and acted upon
so that all the operational parameters
3. Management of Change Plans procedures:

For Safe Control of Operations (SCO), • “Do’s and Don’ts” during and
a systematic Management of Change emergency and other safety
process shall be developed to identify instructions.
and consider the impact of changes to • Telephone numbers of emergency
pipeline systems and their integrity. response team members, emergency
Management of Change shall address services, mutual aid industries, district
technical, physical, procedural and authorities, law enforcing agencies,
organizational changes of the system, contractors / vendors, fire services,
whether permanent or temporary. district civic authorities, etc.
• Actions to be taken during an
Operating and Maintenance procedure emergency including warning /
should also address the following; cordoning off of affected area and
informing the civil authorities and / or
• Calibration plan for meters, gauges other utility companies affected by any
and other instruments affecting quality emergency.
and safety of system.
• Plan for functional testing of pressure 2. Training
regulation and control equipment. Training shall be imparted to the operating

t
and maintenance staff by periodic refresher

f
Provisions of periodic inspections along the courses.
route of steel pipelines or mains shall

a
include all sections of pipelines and mains The training process should be subjected to
irrespective of operating hoop stress. periodic internal audits to ensure effective

r
implementation and improvement.
Essential Features of the Emergency

D
Plan
3. Liaison
Entities operating pipeline shall provide for
an Emergency Control Room, manned Entity owning / operating pipeline should
round the clock and equipped with effective have designated personnel to liaison with
communication system and emergency other existing utility companies, district, and
vehicles fitted with communication facilities, gas supplying companies. A utility co-
first aid equipment, fire extinguishers, gas ordination team consisting of
detectors, repair kits and tools, maps, representatives from all other utility
plans, material safety data sheets etc. at its companies and civil authorities can
disposal. substantially improve safety records.

The entity shall put in place an Emergency 4. Educational Programs

Response Plan, a Disaster Management
Plan and a Pandemic Plan. While preparing Entities operating pipeline shall undertake a
these plans the entity shall take into comprehensive public awareness program
confidence the various local authorities (i.e. for consumers and general public. The
The Fire authorities, Police authorities, educational material shall be prepared in
Health authorities, local administration, local, Hindi and English language. Local
Disaster Management authorities, Mutual audio visual media available should be
aid, Factory inspectorate etc) and clearly used for such educational programs.
elaborate on their role in case of an
incident. 5. Pipeline Failure Investigation

1. Written Emergency procedures Besides reporting and recording of all

instances of asset related failures, damage
Special attention should also be given to to the environment and third party property
following while preparing Emergency shall also be recorded.
Failure investigating team shall comprise of The improvise means of line patrol other
personnel trained in failure investigations. than foot patrolling, vehicle patrolling or
helicopter patrolling shall also be used such
The data from all failure occurrences should as provision of GPS, installation of CCTV at
be analyzed for trends so that proper strategic locations, satellite based
initiatives including training could be taken monitoring and vibration sensing system
to minimize failures. through optical fiber.

6. Blasting Effects
2. Maintenance of RoU for Inspection
No blasting should be carried out within city of Crossings
limits and near any third party structures /
facilities. In any case blasting shall only be RoU and access to various stations shall be
used after proper authorization from civil maintained to ensure reasonable access to
authorities even if it is safe to carryout such maintenance crews.
operations.
Road and railway crossings shall be
7. Accident / emergency reporting inspected at least once in three (3) months.
procedures
Water body crossings shall be inspected at

t
The entity shall put in place a documented least twice a year i.e. prior to and after

f
in house accident reporting procedure and monsoon or flash flood for exposure,
its response plan for all kind of accumulation of debris, or for any other

a
accidents/emergencies such as i) near miss condition that may affect the safety and
accidents, ii) accidents without loss of man- security of the crossings

r
hours, iii) accidents with loss of man-hours.
The level of reporting shall also be Public / Owners along RoU should be made

D
mentioned in the procedure. aware of the possible consequence of gas
leaks and should be included as a part of
PIPELINE MAINTENANCE regular audit.

1. Pipeline Patrolling 4. Pipeline Pigging

The frequency for patrolling of natural gas Inspection of pipeline using intelligent pigs
Pipelines shall be once in 30 days for shall be carried out at least once in 10
Location class 3 and 4 and once in every years. The data collected shall be
quarter for Location class 1 and 2 to compared with baseline data collected
observe surface conditions of ROU, during to asses the health of the pipeline
intermediate installations, leakage, and identify areas requiring repairs.
construction activity, encroachments, soil
wash outs and any other factors that may Normal pigging (Batch pig / cleaning pig)
affect the safety and operation of the may be carried out at least once in five (5)
pipeline. years.

Entire pipeline route should be line Pipelines transporting sour gas shall be
walked at least once a year. inspected using intelligent pigging once
every 5 years
Main highways and rail road crossing
shall be inspected with greater frequency 5. Inspection of Cathodic Protection
and more closely than main pipeline. System
Maintenance of cover at Road crossings,
Drainage ditches and in Cross-country Cathodic protection system parameter like
terrain shall comply with ASME B31.8 pipe to soil potential and TR unit data
Clause No. 851.21 and 851.22 shall be recorded at least once per month
at all CP test stations.
 Pipeline shall be repaired by any one of
Instant pipe to soil “OFF” potential the following:
reading at test lead points of the entire
pipeline shall be taken once in a year. a. By cutting out cylindrical piece of
pipe containing the defect and
Minimum acceptable criteria shall be as replacing the same with a pre
per ASME B31.8 Appendix K or NACE tested pipe of minimum 2 meter
RP – 0169 as applicable. length meeting the required pipe
specification.
Current measurements should be
recorded at the Test stations at least b. By installing full encirclement
once in a year where current welded split sleeves to contain
measurement facility exists. internal pressure and shall have
a design pressure of not less
Cathodic protection rectifiers shall be than the maximum allowable
inspected once in six months. operating pressure. This shall be
fully welded both
All protective devices shall be inspected circumferentially and
once in a quarter. longitudinally.
.

t
Interference bonds shall be inspected c. All repairs performed as per (a)

f
once a year. and (b) above shall be testes by
radiography examination and/or

a
6. Coating Survey ultrasonic examination.

r
Pearson Survey / Direct Current Voltage d. In case of repair of coated pipe,
Gradient (DCVG) / Continuous Potential all damaged coating shall be

D
Logging (CPL) survey / Current removed and new coating shall
Attenuation Test ( CAT) shall be carried be applied.
out once in 5 years. Insulating joints and
couplings shall be inspected once in a Permanent Field Repairs of Injurious
year. Dents and Mechanical Damage

Inspection record shall be preserved. 1. Defect Assessment

Repair Procedures for Steel Pipelines Effective defect detecting systems like,
Operating at Hoop Stress Level at or line walk surveys, surveillance,
above 30% of the Specified Minimum patrolling, leak detection tests, internal
Yield Strength audits, external audits, etc. should be
put in place for detection of defects and
In case of corrosion of the pipe due to damages of pipe work. Defective or
which thickness of the pipe is reduced damaged pipelines should be identified
to the extent that maximum allowable and restored to safe operating
operating pressure is required to be conditions by the use of appropriate
reduced from original design to meet repair methods.
requirements of this standard, then
either the pipe section shall be repaired The defects should be categorized into,
or replaced or the pipeline shall be de- superficial damage, moderate damage,
rated commensurate with remaining severe damage, extreme damage etc..
strength of the pipe.
The selection of the most appropriate repair
All dents as per requirements of this method, consistent with safety of operation,
standard and all pipes containing leak should be selected be based on
shall be removed or repaired. assessment of the defect
 2. Modification on the pipeline ends sealed. If the facilities are
system: purged with air, it shall be ensured
that combustible mixture is not
Provision of this code shall also apply for present in the system
any modification on the pipeline system for
the purpose of expansion or extension of Decommissioning of Transmission
the pipeline Facilities

Modifications should be carried out either Plans and procedures shall be developed
by isolating the pipeline system or by hot- for safe decommissioning, dismantling,
tap method. To the extent possible the demolition, and disposal of the pipeline
pipeline system shall not stopped for the
purpose of modification and shall try to Maintenance of the facility shall continue till
adopt the other methods so as to supply the dismantling of facilities has been
uninterrupted gas. completed.

The hot tap shall be carried out as per API Cathodic protection system shall be
RP 2201 maintained with periodic inspection.

Abandoning of Transmission Facilities Environmental impact assessment be

t
carried out on account of decommissioning.

f
Requirements for Abandoning,
Disconnecting, and Reinstalling

a
Distribution Facilities SAFETY AND FIRE PROTECTION

r
Besides the details mentioned in the General
ASME B31.8, Abandoning,

D
Disconnecting, or Reinstalling of natural All installation shall have following fire
gas pipeline shall also include the protection facilities,
following:
¾ Gas Detection System
A pipeline system that is no longer
required for transportation of gas should o Compressor stations:
be taken out of service with all
hazardous fluids removed from the A gas detection system equipped
system. In case operating company with sound and visual alarm shall
decides to abandon full or part of the be installed to indicate that one-fifth
pipeline system permanently or of lower flammable limit is reached.
temporarily after obtaining necessary The gas detectors shall be located
approval from the statutory authority (if close to the potential source of
required), it shall prepare a detailed plan leakage.
considering the following.
IR / Smoke detectors shall be
a. Large scale venting of natural gas provided in control room, MCC,
should be avoided. It should be utility room and compressor
ensured that most of the natural gas enclosure with provision of
contained in the system is utilized by indication, alarm & annunciation.
consumer.
b. Pipeline section and facilities shall be o Other Gas Installations:
disconnected with positive isolation
from all source of supply of gas prior A gas detection system equipped
to abandonment. with sound and visual alarm shall
c. Pipeline system and facilities to be be installed to indicate that one-fifth
abandoned should be purged with of lower flammable limit is reached.
nitrogen gas or inert materials and The gas detectors shall be located
 close to the potential source of
leakage.
b. Pigging Area, Metering Area and
IR / Smoke detectors shall be Gas Filtration Area
provided in control room, and utility
room with provision of indication, One (1) number 10kg DCP based at
alarm & annunciation. each location

¾ Fire Alarm System c. Air compressors

o Compressor Stations: One (1) number 2 kg CO2 and one

number 5 kg DCP based.
Electric operated fire sirens with
audible range of 1 km shall be d. Office/ Canteen/ Stores
installed. Provision shall be made
for continuous availability of power Two (2) number 10kg
to this system during emergency DCP based in each building.
shut down.
e. MCC/DG Room/HT room
Manual call points shall be installed

t
at strategic locations. Manual Two (2) number 4.5 kg CO2 based in

f
operated fire siren shall also be each room or per 100 m2 floor area.
provided at strategic locations.

a
4 sand buckets with stand shall be
o Other Gas Installations: provided near to DG room.

r
Electric operated fire sirens with A trolley containing first aid fire

D
audible range of 1 km shall be protective accessories shall also be
installed. Provision shall be made provided
for continuous availability of power
to this system during emergency o Intermediate pigging station
shut down.
One (1) number 75 kg and one (1)
10 Kg DCP based and one (1)
¾ Fire Fighting Equipment number 2 kg CO2 based.

Fire Fighting Equipment shall be 100% spares for CO2 cartridges and
provided at Compressor Stations, 50% spares for DCP cartridges shall
Intermediate Pigging Station, Sectional be stored
Valve Stations, Gas Entry / Exit
terminals and Metering Stations as
detailed below. o Sectionalising Valve stations

o Compressor stations: One (1) number 10 kg DCP based

and one (1) number 2 kg CO2
a. Compressor area based.

One (1) number 10kg Dry Chemical 100% spares for CO2 cartridges and
Powder (DCP) based 50% spares for DCP cartridges
shall be stored
One (1) number 6.8 kg CO2 based
per two compressors and o Gas receipt / delivery terminals ;

One (1) number mobile 75 kg DCP One (1) number 75 kg and one (1)
based. 10 kg DCP based and one (1)
 number 2 kg CO2 based. Jockey)
c. Fire water distribution piping
100% spares for CO2 cartridges and network
50% spares for DCP cartridges shall d. Fire hydrant / Monitors
be stored e. Water sprinkler / deluge system.

All fire extinguishers shall bear ISI or Facilities should be designed on the
equivalent mark basis that the city fire water supply is
not available close to the installation.
¾ First Aid and Safety Equipment
Fire water system shall be designed to
First Aid and Safety Equipment shall fight two major fires simultaneously any
be provided at Compressor Stations, where in the installation.
Intermediate Pigging Station,
Sectionalising Valve Stations, Gas o Design Flow Rate
receipt / Delivery terminals and
Metering Stations The fire water pumping requirement
for medium velocity spray shall be
¾ Windsock calculated based on the spray rate
given below or flow through two (2)

t
Windsock shall be provided on an nos. of fire water monitors (i.e 288

f
appropriately elevated structure like the m3/hr) which ever is higher.
control room / fire-water pump house in

a
such a manner so as to avoid blind Spray rate for various areas shall be
areas. as follows:

r
¾ Emergency Power Supply a. Compressor area: 20.4 Lpm/

D
m2 of area
Emergency lighting shall be provided b. Scraper area / Metering area /
for operating areas and control room. filter area: 10.2 Lpm/ m2 of area.
c. Other area: 3 Lpm/m2 of area
¾ Communication System
Compressor area, pigging area,
Communication system like telephone / filtration area, metering area,
PA or paging, walkie-talkie, optical fiber condensate collection area etc. shall
cable based communication system be covered with medium velocity
shall be provided. water spray system.

All intermediate stations including IP

stations / Repeater station shall be o Fire Water System Design
provided with proven communication
system. Security at unmanned station The Fire water pressure system
shall be trained to deal with shall be designed for a minimum
communication and emergency residual pressure of 7.0 kg/cm2 (g).
handling.
A firewater ring main shall be
provided all around perimeter of the
¾ Fire Water System compressor station facilities with
hydrants / monitors.
The Fire water system shall be
provided at compressor stations There shall be minimum two (2)
consisting of: numbers of monitors located in such
a way that it covers the compressors
a. Fire water storage area, scrapper area and filter area.
b. Fire water Pumps ( Main and Fire hydrant network shall be in
 closed loops to ensure Fire water ring main shall be sized
multidirectional flow in the system. for 120% of the design water flow
Isolation valves shall be provided rate. Velocity of the water shall not
where the length of the pipe section exceed more than 5 m/s in the fire
is more than 300 meters. water ring main. In case of sea
water service, the fire water main
o Fire Water Storage pipes shall be concrete / mortar
lined internally or thermoplastic
Water requirement for fire fighting material.
shall be met through water storage
tanks. The effective capacity of the Fire water steel pipe ring main,
tanks above the level of suction when installed above ground shall
point shall be minimum 4 hours be at a height of 300 to 400 mm
aggregate capacity of the pumps. above finished ground level and
Where make up water supply should be adequately supported at
system is 50% or more this storage regular intervals. Pipes made of
capacity may be reduced to 3 hours composite material shall be laid
of aggregate capacity of pumps. underground.

Storage tank/reservoir shall be in Under ground fire water mains shall

t
two interconnected compartments to have minimum 1 m cover and shall

f
facilitate cleaning and repairs. In be provided with suitable coating /
case of steel tanks there shall be a wrapping

a
minimum of two tanks.
Double headed hydrants with two

r
o Fire Water Pumps separate landing valves on 3” / 4”
stand post shall be used. All hydrant

D
Centrifugal fire water pumps shall be outlets shall be 1.2 meter above
installed to meet the designed fire ground level.
water flow rate and head. Pump
shall have flooded suction. Fire water monitors shall be
provided with independent isolation
Motor driven Jockey pump (not valves.
more than 10 m3 / hr of water flow)
shall be installed to maintain the fire Hose Box with 2 Nos. of hoses and
network pressure at 7.0 kg/cm2 at a nozzle shall be provided at each
farthest end of the network. hydrant points.

The fire water pumps including the The deluge valve shall be located at
standby pumps shall preferably be 15 meters. From the risk being
diesel driven. Where electric supply protected.
is reliable 50% of the pumps may be
motor driven. Fire Hydrants/ monitors shall be
located at a minimum distance of
A minimum of 50% stand by 15mts from the hazardous facility /
pump(s) (minimum one no) of the equipment. In case of buildings this
same type, capacity and head as distance shall not be less than 2 mts
the main pumps shall be provided. and not more than 15 mts from the
The fire water pumps shall be face of building. Provisions of
provided with automatic starting hydrants within the building shall be
facilities. in accordance with IS: 3844.

o Fire Hydrant Network At least one hydrant post shall be

provided for every 30 mtr of external
 wall measurement or perimeter of nickel for saline / brackish water
the battery limit. Monitors shall be may be used.
placed at 45 mtr interval.
e. Hydrant Stand post, Monitors –
o Medium Velocity Sprinkler Carbon Steel / Gunmetal
System
f. Outlet valves / landing valves-
The medium velocity sprinkler Gunmetal / Aluminum/
system should be provided at critical Stainless steel / Aluminium-Zink
areas such as compressor unit and alloy
shall have spray nozzles directed
radially to the facilities intended for g. Fire Hose- Reinforced rubber
cooling. lined hoses (63 mm), 15 mtr std
length conforming to IS: 636
Only one type of spray nozzles shall (type A ) / Non percolating
be provided in a particular facility. synthetic hose (Type B) / UL or
equivalent standard.
All spray nozzles shall be inspected
for proper positioning, corrosion and h. The above ground fire water
cleaned if necessary at an interval of main, hydrant post shall be

t
not more than 12 months or earlier painted with corrosion resistant

f
based on the experience. “Fire Red” paints as per IS: 5

a
o Material Specifications i. Water monitors, hydrant point
and hose box shall be painted

r
All material used in fire water “ Luminous Yellow” as per IS:
system using fresh water shall be of 5

D
the type indicated below:
o Spare Hoses, Nozzles and
a. Pipes - Carbon Steel (CS) IS: Accessories
3589 / IS: 1239 / IS: 1978 or
Composite materials as per API Minimum 2 Nos. or 25% spare
15 LR / API 15 HR or its hoses shall be stored.
equivalent shall be used.
In addition to the nozzles provided in
b. In case saline / brackish water / the hose boxes there shall be 1 set
treated effluent water is used , of spare nozzles for each category
the fire water main of steel viz- Jet Nozzle with branch pipes,
pipes shall be, internally Fog Nozzle, Universal Nozzle, water
cement mortar lined or glass curtain Nozzle and spray Nozzle.
reinforced epoxy coated or
made of pipe material suitable RECORDS
for the quality of water .
Alternatively, pipes made of Besides the details mentioned in the ASME
composite materials shall be B31.8 , natural gas pipelines entity shall
used. also maintain following records/ documents:

c. Cast lron pipes shall not be a. Design/ specification documents

used for fire water services. b. Route maps, alignment sheets,
crossings, drawings, Piping and
d. Isolation valve, deluge valve, - Instrumentation Diagrams, station
gate / butterfly type isolation layouts Pipe Book/ Installation Records
valve with open / close c. Surveillance inspection and
indication made of cast steel. maintenance reports
Other material such as cupro-
d. Records and maps showing the s. HAZOP/ Risk assessment studies/
location of CP facilities and piping compliance to recommendations
e. CP Monitoring report
f. Leak burst and repair records t. All operation & maintenance manuals
g. History cards of equipment
h. Pipeline Pigging Report REQUIREMENTS FOR SOUR GAS
i. Material certification including SERVICE
dimension, metallurgy, DT and NDT,
strength, tightness, performance and Gaseous hydrocarbon shall be considered
functional report as sour inline with NACE Standard MR-01-
j. Welding records 75. At lower concentrations of H2S, as the
presence of other constituents in the gas
k. PQR, WPS & Welder qualification e.g. CO2 and salts in water etc. can also
records cause stress corrosion, hence the
concentration of such constituents shall
l. Third Party Gas in clearance report. also be evaluated in gaseous hydrocarbon.
m. Commissioning reports
All materials, used in sour gas service, shall
n. Non-conformance/ deviation reports conform to the material requirements

t
specified in NACE Standard MR-01-75.
o. Calibration records of Inspection,
Depending upon service and materials

f
Measuring & Metering and Test
involved, additional tests for Sulphide
equipment
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SSCC) and

a
p. Audit compliance reports Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC), as
specified in NACE Standards MR-01-75

r
q. Statutory clearances and TM-02-84 respectively, shall also be
r. Approved drawings/documents conducted for long & short term behavior of

D
material under corrosive environments.
 Schedule – 1F

CORROSION CONTROL

EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL combustible atmospheres are likely to be

present unless precautions are taken to
New Installation/Buried Steel Facilities prevent arcing.
Coating Requirements,
Pipes shall be installed so that the below
Coatings shall fulfill following grade or submerged portions are not in
requirements: electrical contact with any casing, foreign
• Coating shall provide good electrical piping systems or other metallic
isolation between of external surface structures. This shall not preclude the
of the pipe and environment. use of electrical bonds where necessary.
• Coating shall have sufficient
resistance to moisture transmission. Electrical Connection and Monitoring

t
• Coating shall have sufficient ductility Points

f
to resist cracking;
• Coating shall have good mechanical Where a higher current carrying capacity

a
strength or otherwise be protected is required, a multi-strand conductor shall
to resist damage due to normal be used and the strands shall be

r
handling (including concrete coating arranged into groups no larger than No.6
application where applicable) and AWG. Each group shall be attached to

D
soil stress. pipe with a separate charge. Attaching
• Coating shall be compatible with test leads directly to the pipe by other
Cathodic Protection system and field methods of brazing is prohibited.
joint coatings.
When thermit welding process is used for
For carbon steel pipelines or mains of electrical lead installation on pressurized
size NPS 2 and above, 3 Layer pipelines or mains, precautions shall be
Polyethylene or Fusion Bonded Epoxy taken to avoid possible failure of the
coating is recommended. pipeline or mains during installation due
to loss of material strength at the elevated
All buried bends and fittings shall be welding temperatures. Where a thermit
coated with Heat Shrink Sleeves or two welding process is not deemed suitable.
pack high build liquid epoxy coating with Consideration shall be given to other
minimum DFT 450 microns. methods of installation.

Cathodic Protection Requirement Electrical Interference

Electrical Isolation Electrical interference due to following

shall also be considered in cathodic
Where insulating devices are installed to protection design.
provide electrical isolation of pipeline
systems to facilitate the application of Fault Currents
corrosion control, they shall be properly
rated for temperature, pressure, and Fault current interference shall be taken
electrical properties, and shall be into consideration.
resistant to the gas carried in the pipeline
systems. These devices shall not be Fault current resulting from lighting or
installed in enclosed areas where upset conditions of electrical facilities
could result in serious damage to coating Existing Installations
and pipe wall and danger to personnel.
These adverse effects may occur where a Cathodically Protected Pipeline
pipeline or main is close to the grounding Systems temporarily out of Service
facilities of electrical transmission line
structures, sub-stations, generating Cathodic Protection systems shall be
stations or other facilities that have high maintained on any pipeline or main
short circuit current-carrying grounding temporarily out of service.
networks. Temporary Cathodic Protection
System
Where a buried pipeline or main is close
to grounding facilities, remedial measures When considered necessary, a
may be necessary to control the effect of temporary Cathodic Protection system
these fault currents in order to reduce the with sacrificial anodes shall be installed to
resultant rise in potential gradient in the ensure adequate protection of pipeline or
earth near the pipeline or main to an mains from external corrosion from the
acceptable level. time the pipeline or main is laid in the
trench till the permanent Cathodic
Induced Potential Interference Protection system is commissioned.

t
Pipelines or mains paralleling alternating The temporary cathodic protection

f
current electrical transmission lines are system shall preferably be installed
subject to induced potentials. When simultaneously keeping pace with the

a
studies or tests show that alternating pipeline or main laying/installation work
current potentials will be or are being and shall be monitored periodically.

r
induced on a buried pipeline or main,
devices shall be installed to reduce these RECORDS

D
potentials to a tolerable level.
Pipeline Company shall also maintain
When such pipelines or mains are under following records / documents related to
construction, or when personnel are in corrosion control:
contact with the pipelines or mains,
special precautions shall be taken to • Cathodic Protection Design
nullify the possible effects of induced documents
alternating current potentials. • Soil Resistivity Survey Report
• Electrical Interference Report
Install bonding across points where the • Inspection and maintenance reports
pipeline or main is to be separated and • Material certification including
maintain this connection while the dimension, metallurgy, performance
pipeline or main is separated. and functional report
• Material test reports
Make a study in collaboration with the • Approved drawings/documents
electric company on the common
• All records of welder’s qualification,
problems of personnel safety, corrosion,
welding joints and testing shall be
electrical interference and lighting
maintained.
problems.
 Schedule – 1G

MISCELLANEOUS

REQUIREMENTS FOR SOUR GAS SERVICE

Gaseous hydrocarbon shall be considered as sour inline with NACE Standard MR-01-75.
At lower concentrations of H2S, as the presence of other constituents in the gas e.g. CO2
and salts in water etc. can also cause stress corrosion, hence the concentration of such
constituents shall also be evaluated in gaseous hydrocarbon.

All materials, used in sour gas service, shall conform to the material requirements specified
in NACE Standard MR-01-75. Depending upon service and materials involved, additional
tests for Sulphide Stress Corrosion Cracking (SSCC) and Hydrogen Induced Cracking
(HIC), as specified in NACE Standards MR-01-75 and TM-02-84 respectively, shall also be
conducted for long & short term behavior of material under corrosive environments.

af t
D r
 ANNEXURE – I

OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE COVERAGE

af t
D r

Note: Subsea pipeline for transportation of gas after its primary treatment stations
or gas gathering stations shall also be included in the scope of the standard.
 ANNEXURE – II
List of Specifications of Piping Materials used in
Natural Gas Pipelines

Steel Pipe
API 5L Specification for Line pipes
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
ASTM A333 Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service

Valves
API 6D Pipeline Valves
ASME B16.34 Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding End

t
BS 5352 Specification for steel wedge gate, globe and check valves 50 mm and
smaller for the petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries

f
BS 5351 Specification for steel ball valves for the petroleum, petrochemical and
allied industries - Small Floating ball valve

a
BS 1873 Specification for Steel globe and globe stop and check valves (flanged
and butt-welding ends) for the petroleum, petrochemical and allied

r
industries

D
Flanges and Blanks
ASME B16.5 Steel pipe flanges and flanged fittings - Size upto 24" NB.
ASME B16.36 Orifice Flange
MSS SP-44 Steel Pipeline Flanges
API 590 Steel Line Blanks

Fittings

ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt welding Fittings

MSS SP-75 Specification for High Test, Wrought, Butt Welding Fittings
MSS SP 97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings - Socket Welding,
Threaded and Butt welding Ends
IS 1239 (PART 2) Steel Tubes, Tubular and Other Wrought Steel Fittings - Specification -
Part 1 : Mild Steel Tubular and other wrought steel pipe fittings

Stud Bolts and Nuts

ASTM A194 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High
Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both.'
ASTM A193 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting
Materials for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other
Special Purpose Applications
ASTM A153 Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel
Hardware
ASME B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch Series
ASME B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts
ASME B16.33 manually operated Metallic gas valves for use in gas piping system.
ASME B 31.8 S managing system Integrity of gas pipeline

Gaskets

ASME B16.20 Metallic gaskets for pipe flanges: Ring joint, Spiral wind and Jacketed.

High Pressure SS Tubing and Fittings

ASTM A269 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless
Steel Tubing for General Service

List of Specifications for Equipment used in natural

gas pipeline System

Pressure Safety Equipment (Regulators, Slam Shut Valves and Creep Relief Valves)

t
EN 334 Gas pressure regulators for inlet pressures up to 100 bar

f
EN 14382 Safety devices for gas pressure regulating stations and
installations - Gas safety shut-off devices for inlet pressures up to 100
bar

a
API 526 Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves

r
Filters

D
ASME Section VIII Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Metering Equipment
AGA Report No. 3 Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and Other related Hydrocarbon fluids
AGA Report No. 9 Measurement of Gas by Multi-path Ultrasonic Meters
EN 12480 Gas meters - Rotary displacement gas meters
OIML R32 Rotary piston gas meters and turbine gas meters
AGA Report No. 7 Measurement of Gas by Turbine Meters
EN 12261 Gas meters - Turbine gas meters
Pressure Measuring Equipment

BS EN 837-1 Pressure gauges - Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges; dimensions,

metrology, requirements and testing
BS EN 837-2 Pressure Gauges - Part 2: Selection and Installation Recommendations
for Pressure Gauges
BS EN 837-3 Pressure gauges - Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges;
dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing
 ANNEXURE – III
Additional Requirements for Electric Welded Pipes

Electric Welded pipes shall meet following Minimum values of 'e' shall be as follows:
requirements.
Grade of Steel Min 'e' value
Reverse Bend Tests
API 5L Gr. B 0.1425
Reverse bend tests shall be performed on API 5L X-42 0.1375
the pipe piece cut from the crop end, API 5L X-46 0.1325
selected from the front end of the first API 5L X-52 0.1275
length and the back end of the last length API 5L X-60 0.1225
produced from each coil. The specimen
shall be 100mm to 115mm long and shall Procedure
be reverse bend tested in accordance with
procedure and figure given hereinafter. The mandrel is to be plugged into the

t
specimen, with the weld in contact with

f
mandrel, to such a depth that the angle of
engagement between mandrel and
specimen reaches 60° (see Figure). If the

a
combination of diameter and wall thickness

r
of pipe, and radius of mandrel is such that
the angle of engagement does not reach
60°, the mandrel shall be plugged into the

D
specimen until opposite walls of the
specimen meet.

Acceptance Criteria

A specimen which fractures completely

prior to the specified engagement of
mandrel and specimen, or which reveals
cracks and ruptures in the weld or heat
The reverse bend test shall be carried out
affected zone longer than 4mm, shall be
with a mandrel. Radius (R) and width (A) of
rejected. Cracks less than 6mm long at the
mandrel shall be calculated for any
edges of the specimen shall not be cause
combination of diameter, wall thickness and
for rejection.
grade with the formula.
Micrographic and Hardness Examination
1.4 (D-t) t
A = 2R = ----------------- - t
A test specimen shall be taken across the
e (D-2t)-1.4 t
longitudinal weld from one length of finished
pipe from each lot of maximum 100 lengths
where,
from the same heat manufactured from the
same process.
D - Outside diameter of pipe
t - Wall thickness of pipe
1.4 - Peaking factor
e - Strain
These specimens shall be polished and Hardness measurements on each
etched for micro-examinations. The specimen shall be made as indicated in
examinations shall provide evidence that figure given herein after in accordance with
heat treatment of weld zone is adequate ASTM E-32. The maximum difference in
and there is no un-tempered martensite left. hardness between base material and any
reading taken in the Heat Affected Zone
(HAZ) shall be less than 80 points Vicker's
HV10.

af t
D r
 ANNEXURE – IV

MINIMUM INTER DISTANCES FOR VARIOUS STATION FACILITIES

S.No. From / To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 Small Compressor/ Pump House - 15 15 15 16 30 15 15 15 16
2 Main Compressor House 15 - 15 15 30 30 15 15 30 30
3 Gas Handling System (PB /GC) 15 15 - 5 16 30 15 15 5 16
4 Equipment Room 15 15 5 - - 30 15 15 5 16
5 Control Room /Office building 16 30 16 - - 30 15 15 5 -
6 Fire Pump House/Fire water
30 30 30 30 30 - - 30 12 -
storage tanks
7 Water Spray Deluge Valve 15 15 15 15 15 - - 15 - 16
8 Cold Blow Down 15 15 15 15 15 30 15 - 5 30
9 Compound wall 15 30 5 5 5 12 - 5 - 5
10 Elect Sub station, 16 30 16 16 - - 16 30 5 -

t
* Any distance suitable for constructional and operation convenience.
1. All distances are in metres. All distances shall be measured between the nearest points on

f
the perimeter of each facility
2. Hot elevated flare shall be located 90 mtr away and ground flare shall be located 150 mrt

a
away

r
3. For the distance from compound wall, the distance mentioned in this table and the
requirement of local bylaws(if any) which ever is higher shall govern.
PB – Pig receiver / Launcher Barrel, GC- Gas Coolers / Meters / filters

D
 ANNEXURE-V

TO MAIN LINE DISCHARGE BLOW DOW N GAS AFTERCOOLER

STATION
DISCHARGE
PIG LAUNCHER

VALVE
UNIT BLOW DOW N

ANTI-SURGE LINE
BY-PASS
STATION

RECYCLE
STATION
LO

COMPRESSOR
UNIT BLOW DOW N

f t
LO
PIG RECEIVER

STATION

a
PRESSURIZING
VALVE SUCTION BLOW DOW N

r
COMPRESSOR

D
FUEL GAS
FROM INLET SCRUBBER CONDITIONING
MAIN LINE SKID

TYPICAL COMPRESSOR STATION SCHEMATIC

 ANNEXURE – VI
FIRE WATER SYSTEM

The Fire Water System facility shall consist of:

a. Fire water storage

b. Fire water Pumps ( Main and Jockey)
c. Fire water distribution piping network
d. Fire hydrant / Monitors
e. Water sprinkler / deluge system.

Facilities should be designed on the basis that city fire water supply is not available close
to the installation.

Fire water system shall be designed to fight two major fires simultaneously anywhere in the
installation.

o Design Flow Rate

f t
The fire water pumping requirement for medium velocity spray shall be calculated based
on the spray rate given below or flow through two (2) nos. of fire water monitors

a
(i.e. 288m3/hr) whichever is higher.

r
o Fire Water System Design

D
The Fire water pressure system shall be designed for a minimum residual pressure of
7.0 kg/cm2(g).

A firewater ring main shall be provided all around perimeter of the compressor station
facilities with hydrants / monitors.

There shall be minimum two (2) numbers of monitors located in such a way that it
covers the compressors area, scrapper area and filter area. Fire hydrant network shall
be in closed loops to ensure multidirectional flow in the system. Isolation valves shall be
provided where the length of the pipe section is more than 300 meters.

o Fire Water Storage

Water requirement for fire fighting shall be met through water storage tanks. The
effective capacity of the tanks above the level of suction point shall be minimum 4 hours
aggregate capacity of the pumps. Where make up water supply system is 50% or more
this storage capacity may be reduced to 3 hours of aggregate capacity of pumps.

Storage tank/reservoir shall be in two interconnected compartments to facilitate cleaning

and repairs. In case of steel tanks there shall be a minimum of two tanks.

o Fire Water Pumps

Centrifugal fire water pumps shall be installed to meet the designed fire water flow rate
and head. Pump shall have flooded suction.

Motor driven Jockey pump (not more than 10 m3 / hr of water flow) shall be installed to
 maintain the fire network pressure at 7.0 kg/cm2 at farthest end of the network.

The fire water pumps including the standby pumps shall preferably be diesel driven.
Where electric supply is reliable 50% of the pumps may be motor driven.

A minimum of 50% stand by pump(s) (minimum one no) of the same type, capacity and
head as the main pumps shall be provided. The fire water pumps shall be provided with
automatic starting facilities.

o Fire Hydrant Network

Fire water ring main shall be sized for 120% of the design water flow rate. Velocity of the
water shall not exceed more than 5 m/s in the fire water ring main. In case of sea water
service, the fire water main pipes shall be concrete / mortar lined internally or
thermoplastic material.

Fire water steel pipe ring main, when installed above ground shall be at a height of 300
to 400 mm above finished ground level and should be adequately supported at regular
intervals. Pipes made of composite material shall be laid underground.

t
Under ground fire water mains shall have minimum 1 m cover and shall be provided with

f
suitable coating / wrapping

a
Double headed hydrants with two separate landing valves on 3” / 4” stand post shall be
used. All hydrant outlets shall be 1.2 meter above ground level.

r
Fire water monitors shall be provided with independent isolation valves.

D
Hose Box with 2 Nos. of hoses and a nozzle shall be provided at each hydrant points.

The deluge valve shall be located at 15 meters. From the risk being protected.

Fire Hydrants/ monitors shall be located at a minimum distance of 15mts from the
hazardous facility / equipment. In case of buildings this distance shall not be less than 2
mts and not more than 15 mts from the face of building. Provisions of hydrants within
the building shall be in accordance with IS: 3844.

At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 30 mtr of external wall
measurement or perimeter of the battery limit. Monitors shall be placed at 45 mtr
interval.

o Medium Velocity Sprinkler System

The medium velocity sprinkler system should be provided at critical areas such as
compressor unit and shall have spray nozzles directed radially to the facilities intended
for cooling.

Only one type of spray nozzles shall be provided in a particular facility.

All spray nozzles shall be inspected for proper positioning, corrosion and cleaned if
necessary at an interval of not more than 12 months or earlier based on the experience.

o Material Specifications

All material used in fire water system using fresh water shall be of the type indicated
 below:

j. Pipes - Carbon Steel (CS) IS: 3589 / IS: 1239 / IS: 1978 or Composite materials
as per API 15 LR / API 15 HR or its equivalent shall be used.

k. In case saline / brackish water / treated effluent water is used , the fire water main
of steel pipes shall be, internally cement mortar lined or glass reinforced epoxy
coated or made of pipe material suitable for the quality of water . Alternatively,
pipes made of composite materials shall be used.

l. Cast lron pipes shall not be used for fire water services.

m. Isolation valve, deluge valve, - gate / butterfly type isolation valve with open / close
indication made of cast steel. Other material such as cupro-nickel for saline /
brackish water may be used.

n. Hydrant Stand post, Monitors – Carbon Steel / Gunmetal

o. Outlet valves / landing valves- Gunmetal / Aluminum/ Stainless steel / Aluminium-

Zink alloy

f t
p. Fire Hose- Reinforced rubber lined hoses (63 mm), 15 mtr std length conforming to
IS: 636 (type A ) / Non percolating synthetic hose (Type B) / UL or equivalent

a
standard.

r
q. The above ground fire water main, hydrant post shall be painted with corrosion
resistant “Fire Red” paints as per IS: 5

D
r. Water monitors, hydrant point and hose box shall be painted “ Luminous Yellow”
as per IS: 5

o Spare Hoses, Nozzles and Accessories

Minimum 2 Nos. or 25% spare hoses shall be stored.

In addition to the nozzles provided in the hose boxes there shall be 1 set of spare
nozzles for each category viz- Jet Nozzle with branch pipes, Fog Nozzle, Universal
Nozzle, water curtain Nozzle and spray Nozzle.
 ANNEXURE – VII
LIST OF APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND REFERENCES

This standard shall be read in conjunction with the following standards, codes and publications:

(i) ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems.

(ASME 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY USA 10016. www.asme.org)

(ii) API -617 Centrifugal Gas Compressors

(iii) API- 618 Reciprocating Gas compressors
(iv) API- 11P Other gas compressors
(v) API 1102 Recommended Practice for Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads
and Highways.
(vi) API 1104 Standard for Welding Pipelines and Related Facilities.
(vii) API 1107 Recommended Pipeline Maintenance Welding Practices.
(viii) API 1109 Recommended Practice for Marking Liquid Petroleum Pipeline
Facilities.
(ix) API 1110 Recommended Practice for Pressure Testing of Liquid Petroleum
Pipelines.

t
(x) API 500C Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Pipeline

f
Transportation Facilities.
(xi) API- 5L Specification for Line pipes

a
(xii) API- 6D Pipeline Valves
(xiii) ASME Section VIII Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

r
Division 1 Pressure Vessels
Division 2 Alternate Rules for Pressure Vessels

D
(xiv) ASME Section IX Welding Qualifications
(xv) MSS-SP-50 Pipe Hangers and Supports Materials, Design and Manufacture.
(xvi) MSS-SP-69 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Selection and Application.
(xvii) NACE-RP-01-69 Recommended Practice Control of External Corrosion on
Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems.
(xviii) NACE-RP-01-75 Recommended Practice - Control of Internal Corrosion in
Steel Pipelines Systems.
(xix) ISA S-75.01 Flow evaluation for sizing control valve
(xx) ISA S-75.02 Control valve test procedure
(xxi) IEC – 79 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmosphere
(xxii) IEC – 529 Degree of protection Provided by Enclosures.

References

ASME B 31.8 – Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

API 1104 - Welding procedures and welders for welding of gas pipelines.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code Section IX -
Welding procedures and welders, for station piping.
IS-5572 - Electrical area classification of Installation for selection of
Electrical Equipment
IS – 5571- “Guide for selection of Electrical Equipment for Hazardous
Area”.
IS 3043 – For earthing of all electrical equipment, systems, structures
and fencing, etc.
IS:2309 – for Lightening protection

Secretary, PNGRB