CSI Solution Demonstrates Use of These Features

Change Labels

Section Cuts

Mesh Areas

New Model (From Scratch, Not From Template)

Stress Contours For Shells

Problem S Solution
1. Click the File menu > New Model command to display the New Model form.
2. Verify that the units are set to .

3. Click on the Grid Only button to display the New Coord/Grid System form.
In that form:

Select the Cartesian Tab.

In the Number of Grid Lines area, type 2 in the X direction edit box.

In the Number of Grid Lines area, type 3 in the Y direction edit box.

In the Number of Grid Lines area, type 2 in the Z direction edit box.

In the Grid Spacing area, type 240 in the X direction edit box.

In the Grid Spacing area, type 8 in the Y direction edit box.

In the Grid Spacing area, type 40 in the Z direction edit box.

Click the OK button.
4. Click the Define menu > Materials command to display the Define Materials form.
5. Highlight the STEEL material and click the Modify/Show Material button to display the
Material Property Data form. In that form:

Verify that the Modulus of Elasticity is 29000.

Verify that Poisson’s Ratio is 0.3.

Click the OK buttons on the Material Property Data and Define Materials forms
to exit the forms.
6. Click the Define menu > Area Sections command to display the Area Sections form. In
that form:

Click the Add New Section button to display the Area Section Data form. In that
form:
o Type WEB in the Section Name edit box.
o Select STEEL from the Material drop-down box.
o Verify that the Shell option is chosen in the Area Type area.
o In the Thickness area type .75 in both the Membrane and Bending edit
boxes.
o Verify that the Shell option is chosen in the Type area.
o Click the OK button to return to the Area Sections form.

Click the Add New Section button to display the Area Section Data form. In that
form:
o Type FLANGE in the Section Name edit box.
o Select STEEL from the Material drop-down box.
o Verify that the Shell option is chosen in the Area Type area.
 o In the Thickness area, type 2 in both the Membrane and Bending edit
boxes.
o Verify that the Shell option is chosen in the Type area.
o Click the OK buttons on the Area Section Data and Area Sections form
to exit all forms.
7. Click in the window entitled X-Y Plane @ Z=40 to make sure it is active. The window is
highlighted when it is active. The screen appears as shown in Figure S-1.

Figure S-1 Screen After Step 7

8. Click the Draw Rectangular Area button on the side toolbar or the Draw menu >
Draw Rectangular Area command to display the Properties of Object form. In that
form:

Select FLANGE from the Property drop-down list.
10. Click on the point labeled “A” and then the point labeled “B” in Figure S-1 to draw an
area object.

10. Click the Set Select Mode button to exit the Draw mode and enter the Select
mode.
11. Click on the area object to select it.
12. Click the Edit menu > Mesh Areas
command to display the Mesh Selected
Shells form.

13. Fill in that form as shown in the adjacent

figure and click the OK button.
14. Click the Select All button on the side toolbar to select all objects.
15. Click the Edit menu > Replicate command to display the Replicate form. In that form:

Select the Linear tab.

Type -40 in the dz edit box in the Increments area.

Verify that the Number is set to 1 in the Increments Data area.

Click the OK button.
16. Click in the window entitled X-Y Plane @ Z=40 to make sure it is active. Do not
accidentally select any objects while doing this.
17. Click the View menu > Set 2D View command to display the Set 2D View form. In that
form:

Select the X-Z Plane option.

Type 8 in the Y= edit box.

Click the OK button. The screen appears as shown in Figure S-

2.
Figure S-2: Screen After Step 17

18. Click the Draw Rectangular Area button on the side toolbar or the Draw menu >
Draw Rectangular Area command to display the Properties of Object form. In that
form:

Select WEB from the Property drop-down box.
20. Click on the point labeled “A” and then the point labeled “B” in Figure S-2 to draw an
area object.

21. Click the Set Select Mode button to exit Draw mode and enter Select mode.
22. Click on the area object just drawn to select it.
 22. Click the Edit menu > Mesh Areas command to display the Mesh Selected Shells form.

23. Fill in that form as shown in the adjacent figure and

click the OK button.
24. Click in the window entitled 3-D View to make sure
it is active.
25. Click the Edit menu > Change Labels command to
display the Interactive Name Change form. In that
form:

Select Element Labels – Area from the Item
Type drop-down list.

Verify that 1 is entered in the Next Number edit box.

Verify that 1 is entered in the Increment edit box.

On the form, click the Edit menu > Auto Relable > All in List command to
update the area object labels.

Select Element Labels – Joint from the Item Type drop-down list.

Verify that 1 is entered in the Next Number edit box.

Verify that 1 is entered in the Increment edit box.

Click the Edit menu > Auto Relable > All in List command to update the joint
labels.

Click the OK button.
Note: It is not necessary to change labels for the joints and areas. However, we are doing it
here to ensure that later in the solution when we refer to object labels, your labeling system is
consistent with this example problem.

26. Click the Set Display Options button (or the View menu > Set Display Options
command) to display the Display Options for Active Window form. In that form:

Check the Fill Objects box.

Click the OK button.
27. Click in the window entitled X-Z Plane @ Y=8 to make it active.

28. Click the Set Display Options button (or the View menu > Set Display Options
command) to display the Display Options for Active Window form. In that form:

Check the Labels box in the Areas area.

Check the Fill Objects box.

Click the OK button.
29. Select area objects 65, 66, 67, 68, 85, 86, 87 and 88 by “windowing.”
30. Press the Delete key on the keyboard to delete these area objects.
31. Select area objects 73, 74, 75, 76, 93, 94, 95 and 96 by “windowing.”
32. Press the Delete key on the keyboard to delete these area objects.
33. Click in the window entitled X-Z Plane @ Y=8 to make sure it is active.

34. Click the Set Display Options button (or the View menu > Set Display Options
command) to display the Display Options for Active Window form. In that form:

Check the Labels box in the Joints area.

Uncheck the Labels box in the Areas area.

Click the OK button.
35. Select joint 22 (lower left-hand corner) by clicking on it.
36. Click the Assign menu > Joint > Restraints command to display the Joint Restraints
form. In that form:

Verify that the Translation 1 and Translation 3 boxes are checked.

Uncheck the Translation 2 box.

Verify that the Rotation about 1, Rotation about 2 and Rotation about 3 boxes
are not checked.

Click the OK button.

37. Click the Show Undeformed Shape button to remove the display of joint restraint
assignment.
38. Select joint 42 (lower right-hand corner) by clicking on it.
39. Click the Assign menu > Joint > Restraints command to display the Joint Restraints
form. In that form:

Uncheck the Translation 1 box.

Verify that the Translation 2 box is not checked.

Verify that the Translation 3 box is checked.

Verify that the Rotation about 1, Rotation about 2 and Rotation about 3 boxes
are not checked.

Click the OK button.

40. Click the Show Undeformed Shape button to remove the display of joint restraint
assignment.
41. Select joints 148 and 168 (upper left-hand and right-hand corners) by clicking on them.
42. Click the Assign menu > Joint Loads > Forces button to display the Joint Forces form.
In that form:

Type -9 in the Force Global Z edit box in the Loads area.

Click the OK button.

43. Click the Show Undeformed Shape button to remove the display of joint load
assignments.
44. Select joints 149 through 167 by “windowing.”
45. Click the Assign menu > Joint Loads > Forces command to display the Joint Forces
form. In that form:

Type -18 in the Force Global Z edit box in the Loads area.

Click the OK button.

46. Click the Show Undeformed Shape button to remove the display of joint load
assignments.
47. Click in the window entitled X-Z Plane @ Y=8 to make sure it is active.
48. Click the View menu > Set Limits command to display the Set Limits form. In that
form:

Select the XZ option in the Choose Plane area.

In the Set X Axis Limits area type 108 in the Min edit box.

In the Set X Axis Limits area type 120 in the Max edit box.

Click the OK button.

49. Click the Perspective Toggle button . A perspective view of the X-Z elevation is
displayed.

50. Click the Rubber Band Zoom button and zoom in on the view by “drawing” a
window tightly around it.
51. Select all of the joints on the right side of the section by “windowing.”

52. Click the Select using Intersecting Line button and select all of the area objects
by “drawing” a line through them. There should now be 9 joints and 8 areas selected.
The left-hand side of the status bar at the bottom of the SAP2000 window will display
the number of objects selected.
53. Click the Assign menu > Assign to Group command to display the Assign/Define
Group Names form. In that form:

Click the Add New Group button to display the Group Definition form. In that
form:
o Type CENTER in the Group Name edit box.
o Click the OK buttons on the Group Definition and Assign/Define Group
Names forms to exit all forms.

54. Click the Show Undeformed Shape button to reset the limits of the display.
55. Click the View menu > Refresh View command to rescale the view.
56. Click the View menu > Set Limits command to display the Set Limits form. In that
form:

In the Set X Axis Limits area, type 60 in the Min edit box.

In the Set X Axis Limits area, type 72 in the Max edit box.

Click the OK button.

57. Click the Rubber Band Zoom button and zoom in on the view by “drawing” a
window tightly around it.
58. Select all of the joints on the right side of the section by “windowing.”
59. Click the Select using Intersecting Line button and select all of the area objects
by “drawing” a line through them. There should now be 8 joints and 6 areas selected.
The left-hand side of the status bar at the bottom of the SAP2000 window will display
the number of objects selected.
60. Click the Assign menu > Assign to Group command to display the Assign/Define
Group Names form. In that form:

Click the Add New Group button to display the Group Definition form. In that
form:
o Type LEFT in the Group Name edit box.
o Click the OK buttons Group Definition and Assign/Define Group Names
forms to exit all forms.
61. Select all of the joints on the right side of the top half of the section by “windowing.”

62. Click the Select using Intersecting Line button and select all of the area objects
in the top half by “drawing” a line through them. There should now be 4 joints and 3
areas selected. The left-hand side of the status bar at the bottom of the SAP2000
window will display the number of objects selected.
63. Click the Assign menu > Assign to Group command to display the Assign/Define
Group Names form. In that form:

Click the Add New Group button to display the Group Definition form. In that
form:
o Type LEFTTOP in the Group Name edit box.
o Click the OK buttons on the Group Definition and Assign/Define Group
Names forms to exit all forms.

64. Select all of the joints on the right side of the bottom half of the section by “windowing.”

65. Click the Select using Intersecting Line button and select all of the area objects
in the bottom half by “drawing” a line through them. There should now be 4 joints and
3 areas selected. The left-hand side of the status bar at the bottom of the SAP2000
window will display the number of objects selected.
66. Click the Assign menu > Assign to Group command to display the Assign/Define
Group Names form. In that form:

Click the Add New Group button to display the Group Definition form. In that
form:
o Type LEFTBOT in the Group Name edit box.
o Click the OK buttons on the Group Definition and Assign/Define Group
Names forms exit all forms.

67. Click the Show Undeformed Shape button to reset the limits of the display.
68. Click the View menu > Refresh View command to rescale the view.

69. Click the Set Display Options button (or the View menu > Set Display Options
command) to display the Display Options for Active Window form. In that form:

Uncheck the Labels box in the Joints area.

Click the OK button.

70. Click on the XZ View button to return from the perspective view to a 2-D view.
Note the title of the window is X-Z Plane @ Y=8.
71. Click the “X” in the upper right-hand corner of the 3-D View window to close it.
72. Click the Define menu > Section Cuts command to display the Section Cuts form. In
that form:

Click the Add Section Cut button to display the Section Cut Data form. In that
form:
o Type CENTER in the Section Cut Name edit box.
o Select CENTER from the Group drop-down list.
o Click the OK button to return to the Section Cuts form.
74. In the Section Cuts form:

Click the Add Section Cut button to display the Section Cut Data form. In that
form:
o Type LEFT in the Section Cut Name edit box.
o Select LEFT from the Group drop-down box.
o Click the OK button to return to the Section Cuts form. In that form:

Click the Add Section Cut button to display the Section Cut Data form. In that
form:
o Type LEFTBOT in the Section Cut Name edit box.
o Select LEFTBOT from the Group drop-down box.
o Click the OK button to return to the Section Cuts form.
74. In the Section Cuts form:

Click the Add Section Cut button to display the Section Cut Data form. In that
form:
o Type LEFTTOP in the Section Cut Name edit box.
o Select LEFTTOP from the Group drop-down box.
o Click the OK buttons on the Section Cut Data and Section Cuts forms to
exit all forms.
75. Click the Analyze menu > Set Analysis Options command to display the Analysis

Options form. In that form click the Plane Frame XZ Plane button to set the
available degrees of freedom.

Click the OK button.
77. Click the Run Analysis button to display the Set Analysis Cases to Run form. In
that form:

Click on MODAL in the Case Name list to highlight it.

Click the Run/Do Not Run Case button.

Click the Run Now button.
77. When the analysis is complete, check the messages in the SAP Analysis Monitor
window (there should be no warnings or errors) and then click the OK button to close
the window.
78. Click the Display menu > Show Tables command to display the Choose Tables for
Display form. In that form:

In the Analysis Results area, click the + (plus) associated with the Structure
Output item to display the Other Output Items.

Click the + (plus) associated with the Other Output Items to display the Table:
Section Cut Forces item.

Click on the Table: Section Cut Forces item to select it.

Click the OK button to display the Section Cut Forces table.
79. When finished viewing the table, click the Done button to close it.
80. Click the Display menu > Show Forces/Stresses > Shells command to display the
Element Force/Stress Contours for Shells form. In that form:

Select the Stresses option in the Component Type area.

In the Component area, select the S12 option.

In the Stress Averaging area, verify that the at All Joints option is selected.

Check the Show Deformed Shape box.

Click the OK button to display the shell stresses. The screen should look similar
to that in Figure S-3.
Figure S-3: Shell Stresses