GENERAL 1MDU07006-EN User’s Guide Mars 1991 Replaces UO03-2312E wines eouce me ‘Type RACID Time-lag overcurrent and earth fault relay (SE 900 662) ‘© ‘Tnree-pnase or two-phase overcurrent relay with start function, delayed and instantaneous functions © Non-direczional earth fault relay with start function, delayed and instantaneous functions ‘© Reconnectible time characteristic Definite time-lag Inverse time-lag normal inverse very inverse extremely inverse Ri-curve Phase and start indication Low transient overreach High resetting ratio and short resetting time Wide range of settings Low burden on the measuring circuits ‘The instantaneous function can be delayed to obtain selectivity in networks with fuses Easy to use. Numeric indication of set values, normal service currents and fault current when tripping occurs Continuous monitoring of internal circuits Indication of erroneous attendance Auxiliary voltage 48-220 V 20%, de or ac for the same relay Minimum of maintenance required COMBIFLEX or screw connections All normal methods of installation can be used e cceceea 1MDU07006-EN 2 z LIST OF CONTENTS (GENERAL DEFINITIONS ‘Start function Instantaneous function Delayed function Independent time t, t» javerse time k ‘Accuracy limit factor a ‘Transient overreach: 1 k USE “Three-phase or two-phase circuit protection ‘Start function Delayed function Instantaneous function ach felt relay Solidly earthed eystems carthed artems High-impedance earthed systems Connection, earth fault relay ‘Demands imposed on current transformers ‘Accuracy limit factor. Calculation example Selectivity plan ‘Calculation example DESIGN General ‘Versions Wiring diagrams Setting ‘Trip-relay and signal relay outputs Indication and presentation of actual service values and values during a fault ‘TECHNICAL DATA Definitions Time-overcurrent relay Earth fault relay ‘Common data INSTALLATION AND CONNECTION Dimension drawings 19” equipment frames On panel Front connections ‘Terminal designations ‘TESTING Checking the set values, Secondary injection test “Appropriate test equipment Programming the output relays Connection of SVERKER-ype test set ‘Checking the start and resetting values ofthe input circuits ‘Checking the operate time ‘Checking the delay ‘Checking the instantaneous functions Abbreviated test routine BES Smesssauane BY SERREEEEEBE Kesess eeEEeeS ae : 1MDU07006-EN 3 DEFINITIONS Start function b, ly > The instantaneous function which occurs when the current I has exceeded the set operating value for I or Ty». Instantaneous function b, ly » ‘The instantaneous function which occurs when the current I has exceeded the operating value for I» or Ie». ‘The instantaneous function can be delayed or blocked in order to achieve selectivity. Delayed function ‘The function which occurs a certain time after the actual current has ‘exceeded the set operating value. The delay can be either of independent time or inverse time characteristic. Independent time t, t Delayed function where the delay is independent of the magnitude of the current when the set operating value for b, Ia», I» and la », is exceeded. Inverse time k Delayed function where the delay is dependent on the magnitude of the current when the set value for b, Ig» is exceeded. (Significant currerit = short delay, insignificant current = long delay.) Accuracy limit factor m The accuracy limit factor n of a current transformer signifies the multiple of the rated current up to which the transformer’s indicator error fulfils the accuracy class requirement. The accuracy limit factor is dependent on the magnitude of the burden and is calculated with the aid of the following formula: a = constant (in ohms) which is determined on the basis of the transformer size and the network frequency b= _ impedance (in ohms) of the secondary winding z = impedance (in ohms) of the burden at which the accuracy limit factor is to be determined ‘At rated burden, the accuracy limit factor is identical to the rated ‘accuracy limit factor of the transformer relay cores in accordance with SEN 27 08 11. ‘Transient overreach The influence of the de component on the operating value. A portion of the de component is transferred to the measuring circuits and results in the relay operating for a lower current (calculated on the stationary portion) than the set current. If, during a fully developed dc component, operation takes place for a stationary current that is 0.95 times the set value, the transient overreach of the relay is: 1-095 AFog 7 00S, be. 58% I, Rated current of time-overcurrent relay Rated current of earth fault relay I, and I, are stated on the rating place located at the upper right-hand corner of the relay.1MDU07006-EN 4 The RACID is a flexible time-overcurrent and earth fault relay having high technical performance and thus a wide range of applications, e.g., as main and backup protection for distribution and industrial systems, transformers, capacitor banks, electric boilers, motors and small generators, or as backup protection for transmission lines, transformers and generators. Due to accurate measuring, insignificant overreach, high reset ratio and short reset time, the RACID contributes to short time steps and low current settings in the selectivity plan. RACID is available in different versions with respect to: = method of connection and installation 2-phase or 3-phase time-overcurrent relay with or without earth fault relay ~ with or without test switch In addition to a trip relay and a signal relay for internal faults, always incorporated in RACID the version with 2 ranges of measurement, have three extra programmable signal relays. The function and setting of the overcurrent and earth fault relays in the protection are entirely individual. Both the relays have a start and instantaneous function. The instantaneous function can be delayed or blocked whenever necessary. Three-phase or two-phase circuit protection Ina three-phase protective relay, both phase currents are always measured when a two-phase fault occurs. The relay operates, therefore, even if one of the measuring circuits should be faulty. A three-phase relay is therefore more reliable than a two-phase relay. Compared to a summating type of protection, that has a common measuring circuit, considerably greater reliability is achieved. If all the overcurrent relays in a network are located in the same phases, two-phase overcurrent relays are quite adequate. ‘A two-phase fault will then always influence at least one of the phases in a relay. In networks with low short-circuit power, three-phase relays may, in some cases, be necessary. In the event of a two-phase short circuit on the Y-side of a D/Y-connected transformer, full short-circuit current will only flow in one of the phases. Approximately half the short-circuit current will flow in the other phases. If a two-phase short-circuit protection is used, the operation can therefore be unreliable. The start function of RACID occurs instantaneously when the current exceeds the value set on b or Iy >. In radially supplied networks, the function can be used for blocking a blockable busbar protection. In other cases, for starting printers, autoreclosing or signalling. USE Start functionI . 1MDU07006-EN 5 ‘The current setting is determined by the loading capacity of the object and by the smallest fault current within the operating range. The delay of the trip signal is selected with consideration to the demand on selectivity and the thermal characteristics of the installation. Furthermore, the settings should always be chosen so that the overcurrent relay starts for at least two circuit-breakers in series in the event of a fault. In this manner, backup protection is obtained if the primary protection or the circuit-breaker should fail to operate. With the aid of the selector switches, located on the front of RACID; a choice can be made between definite time delay or four di inverse time delays. As a rule, different time charact. not be used in one and the same system. An appropriate characteristic is therefore chose on the basis of previous practice. Delayed function ‘The following rules of thumb can however facilitate the choice of characteristic when compiling a selectivity plan. © Definite time delay is used in networks which have varying short-circuit power and when it is required to facilitate the compilation of the selectivity plan © Normal inverse is used in networks which have varying short-circuit power and long “weak” lines © Very inverse can facilitate the selectivity in networks which incorporate fuses and which have constant short-circuit power © Extremely inverse is most appropriate when selectivity with fuses is required and where there is a risk of significant switching currents occurring, ¢.g., switching-in of heating or air-conditioning plants ‘© Inverse time tripping, in accordance with the RI-curve, is used in networks in which ABB’s RI-type relay is already incorporated and determines the character of the selectivity plan In systems which are supplied from several directions, the current sensed by the relays during a fault will vary considerably. Refer to Fig. 1 below. In such cases, as a backup protection, use can often be made of inverse time overcurrent relays that ail has the same setting. This provides good results since the fault current to the faulty item will always be higher than the fault current fed from the faultless items and therefore give rise to the shortest tripping time. Fig. 1 System with several supply circuit