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AGNESIA M DAMANIK (409322012) Astrid P Harahap Rita S Situmorang

The document discusses semiconductor physics concepts including: 1) Valence bands contain filled electron states, conduction bands are empty states, and the energy gap is the difference between these bands. 2) Intrinsic semiconductors have equal numbers of electrons and holes due to thermal excitation, while extrinsic semiconductors have additional dopants. 3) Diamond has a larger band gap than silicon, making it more transparent to visible light. Germanium has a smaller band gap than silicon, so at low temperatures it is more insulating while at room temperature silicon conducts better.

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45 views

AGNESIA M DAMANIK (409322012) Astrid P Harahap Rita S Situmorang

The document discusses semiconductor physics concepts including: 1) Valence bands contain filled electron states, conduction bands are empty states, and the energy gap is the difference between these bands. 2) Intrinsic semiconductors have equal numbers of electrons and holes due to thermal excitation, while extrinsic semiconductors have additional dopants. 3) Diamond has a larger band gap than silicon, making it more transparent to visible light. Germanium has a smaller band gap than silicon, so at low temperatures it is more insulating while at room temperature silicon conducts better.

Uploaded by

Agnesia Damanik
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AGNESIA M DAMANIK(409322012)

ASTRID P HARAHAP

RITA S SITUMORANG

BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS

7.1 (a) what is the meaning of valence band,conduction band and energy gap!

(b) explain,how to make the band of energy in solid material,thnergy gap in silicon is
us it can explain how to grouping the materials to be conductor,semiconductor,and
isolator.

7.2 (a)what is the meaning of intrinsic semiconductor and ekstrinsic semiconductor

(b)prove that Fermi level on intrinsic semiconductor putted in the middle


forbidden

7.3 energy gap in silicon is 1.1 eV and in diamond is 6.0 eV .how ability of
transparantion from this material for planview light?

7.4 Energy gap of Germanium is 0.7 Ev.How the electric passing of Germanium if it
is compared to silicon:

(a)in lower temperature

(b)in room temperature


SOLUTION
7.1 *Valence band is condition of semiconductor if it is filled full by the electron.

*Conduction band is condition of semiconductor is not dwelt by the electron.

*Energy gap is both of wave that such as ψ (+) and ψ (-) pilling up electron in
difference area and because it both of wave has differences value of potential
energy.

7.2 (a)Intrinsic semiconductor is condition when the number of electron to the


number of holes,because the thermal excitation of an electron leaves behind a hole
in the valence band.

(b) The energy levels of a semiconductor material (expressed in electron energy


levels) will follow Fermi-Dirac distribution function, is:

So because of the intrinsic semiconductor has a number of electrons equals the


number of holes

which means that the material intrinsic Fermi energy level is right in the middle
between the energy levels of valence and conduction energy levels.
7.3. Transparency ability of Diamond with energy gap 6.0eV for in plain view of
light is better than silicone with energy gap 1.1eV. Because energy gap of diamond
is greater than silicone, so its affect to the transparency ability of material.

7.4.Energy gap of germanium is 0.7eV, the energy gap of silicone is 1.1eV.

a. in the room with low temperature the germanium acts as isolator, better than
silicone. Because the temperature is very low, so the semiconductor acts as
isolator.

b. in room temperature the silicone acts as a conductor better than germanium.


Because the temperature is 27 C, so the semiconductor acts as conductor.

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