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Effective Listening, Principles and Barriers

Effective listening involves encoding and decoding messages between a sender and receiver. Miscommunication can occur if the listener is not attentive. There are several stages to the listening process: selecting important stimuli, interpreting while facing barriers, evaluating information while considering prior beliefs, responding non-verbally, and retaining a portion of the message in memory. Types of listening include passive, marginal, projective, sensitive, and active listening. Barriers to listening include content issues, distractions, mindset, language ambiguities, and characteristics of the speaker or circumstances.

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Neha Singhal
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3K views

Effective Listening, Principles and Barriers

Effective listening involves encoding and decoding messages between a sender and receiver. Miscommunication can occur if the listener is not attentive. There are several stages to the listening process: selecting important stimuli, interpreting while facing barriers, evaluating information while considering prior beliefs, responding non-verbally, and retaining a portion of the message in memory. Types of listening include passive, marginal, projective, sensitive, and active listening. Barriers to listening include content issues, distractions, mindset, language ambiguities, and characteristics of the speaker or circumstances.

Uploaded by

Neha Singhal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LISTENING

Effective Listening: Principles and


Barriers
Miscommunication
Listening comprises of two stages:
1) Encoding & transmission of the message by
the sender
2) Decoding and providing the required
feedback by the receiver

Miscommunication happens if you are not a careful


and attentive listener, it also arises when
listening is hampered at the stage of encoding
Listening: the art of hearing and
understanding what someone is saying

L…..I…S…..T…..E…N: art of listening


• Look
• Identify
• Set – up
• Tune in
• Examine
• Note
Process of listening
(understand the various stages of listening)
• Selecting stage: listener selects important stimuli
and converts it into a message

• Interpreting stage: listener is engaged in decoding the


message and is faced with multiple barriers – semantic,
linguistic, psychological, emotional, or environmental

• Evaluating stage: listener adds a meaning to the


message, seeks accuracy of information. Prior
experiences, beliefs, emotions come in the way of
evaluation
•Responding stage: is important to the speaker, non-verbal
signals tell whether listener has understood or not

•Memory stage: final stage of listening, listeners can retain


only 10 - 25% of a talk, but when the speakers use good
visuals than there is higher recall rate
Types of listening
• Passive – when the listener is physically present
and mentally absent

• Marginal – when there is too much, too little,


uninteresting or unrelated information. When you
are expected to listen something.

• Projective listening – the receiver tries to view


and assimilate contents of the presentation
according to a personal frame of mind
• Sensitive listening – receiver is able to
understand the viewpoint of the speaker in
exactly the same terms as intended
• Active listening – is maximum intake from
the communication process, receiver
absorbs all that is being said a
combination of active & sensitive makes
an ideal form of listening
Barriers to the listening process
• Content: listeners knowing too much or too
little
• Speakers: delivery , listeners attitude
towards the speaker etc
• Distance and circumstances: least effort –
when speaker is not visible, most effort
during eye to eye contact.
• Distractions: sound, light, mannerisms,
voice etc can easily distract the listener
• Mindset: attitude of the listener, the mind
set of the individual can either magnify or
diminish stimuli

• Language: ambiguity of the language,


misinterpretation when the words are
imprecise, emotional technical or based on
personal definitions established by
background, education, and experience
THANK YOU

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