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Analysis of Variance Analysis of Variance: An Example

This document discusses analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its use in testing whether changing cotton weight percent affects tensile strength. It introduces the basic single-factor ANOVA model and explains that ANOVA partitions total variability into portions attributable to treatments and error. It also discusses checking assumptions like normality and equal variance before presenting the ANOVA table and using the F-test to determine if treatment means are different.

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34 views

Analysis of Variance Analysis of Variance: An Example

This document discusses analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its use in testing whether changing cotton weight percent affects tensile strength. It introduces the basic single-factor ANOVA model and explains that ANOVA partitions total variability into portions attributable to treatments and error. It also discusses checking assumptions like normality and equal variance before presenting the ANOVA table and using the F-test to determine if treatment means are different.

Uploaded by

sou.bera
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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An Example

Analysis of Variance
Agus Darmawan
[email protected] agusd@ugm ac id [email protected] Does changing the g g cotton weight percent change the mean tensile strength? Is there an optimum l ti level for lf cotton content?

Reference: Montgomery, D.C,2003. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, Engineers 3rd Ed John Wiley & Sons Ed,

The Analysis of Variance

The Analysis of Variance e a ys s o a a ce


The basic single-factor ANOVA model is
i = 1,2,..., a yij = + i + ij , j = 1,2,..., n

In general, there will be a levels of the factor, or a treatments, t eatments and n replicates of th experiment, run i eplicates f the i t in random ordera completely randomized design (CRD) N = an total runs Objective is to test hypotheses about the equality of the a treatment means

= an overall mean, i = ith treatment effect, ij = experimental error, NID(0, 2 )


3 4

Model Adequacy Checking


The Normality Assumption
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Kolmogorov Smirnov Test (QQ Plot) (QQ-Plot)

The Analysis of Variance


SST = ( yij y.. ) 2
i =1 j =1 a n

Total variability is measured by the total sum of squares:

Independence Assumption
Correlation between residual (Plot of Residual in Time Sequence)

The basic ANOVA partitioning is:

Equality (homogenity) of Variance l (h ) f


Plot of Residual Versus Fitted Values Bartlett s Bartletts Test Levenes Test

( y
i =1 j =1

ij

y.. ) 2 = [( yi. y.. ) + ( yij yi. )]2


i =1 j =1 a

= n ( yi. y.. ) 2 + ( yij yi. ) 2


i =1 i =1 j =1

SST = SSTreatments + SS E
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The Analysis of Variance

The Analysis of Variance is Summarized in a Table

SST = SSTreatments + SS E
A large value of SSTreatments reflects large differences in treatment means A small value of SSTreatments likely indicates no differences in treatment means Formal statistical hypotheses are:

H 0 : 1 = 2 = L = a H1 : At least one mean is different


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The reference distribution for F0 is the Fa-1, a(n-1) distribution 1, n Reject the null hypothesis (equal treatment means) if

F0 > F ,a 1,a ( n 1)

An Example

Unequal sample sizes Minitab

Software Minitab

Software Minitab

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