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Intro To Bonding Slideshow

This document provides an overview of chemical bonding, including: 1) Chemical bonds are the attractive forces that hold groups of atoms together, affecting properties like melting point and conductivity. Energy is released when bonds form and required to break bonds. 2) Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and chemical bonding involves the behavior of valence electrons, following rules like the octet rule. 3) For a bond to form, the distance between atom nuclei must be "just right" for the attractive and repulsive forces to balance, releasing energy. Bond formation involves electron rearrangement into new orbitals.

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64 views

Intro To Bonding Slideshow

This document provides an overview of chemical bonding, including: 1) Chemical bonds are the attractive forces that hold groups of atoms together, affecting properties like melting point and conductivity. Energy is released when bonds form and required to break bonds. 2) Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and chemical bonding involves the behavior of valence electrons, following rules like the octet rule. 3) For a bond to form, the distance between atom nuclei must be "just right" for the attractive and repulsive forces to balance, releasing energy. Bond formation involves electron rearrangement into new orbitals.

Uploaded by

AndreaMarkham
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Everything Youve Ever Wanted to Know About Chemical Bonding

but were afraid to ask

What is a Chemical Bond?


Attractive force that holds groups of atoms together and makes them function as a unit Affects physical properties such as melting point, hardness, electrical and thermal conductivity as well as solubility characteristics

Energy and Chemical Bonds


Energy levels of elements versus compounds
Involves enthalpy and Hesss law which well cover in great detail later See page 262 in your text if youre interested now

Energy is RELEASED when a bond is formed Energy is REQUIRED to break a bond


a.k.a. Bonding energy

What About Valence Electrons?


These are the outermost electrons of an atom
For main group elements, # of valence electrons is equal to the group number.

Electron configurations and Lewis dot structures are used to help visualize the location and behavior of valence electrons Use Octet Rule as a general guideline, but remember, there are exceptions to the rule and exceptions to the exceptions.

Chemical Bond Formation


When atoms approach each other, three things happen:
Positively charged nuclei REPEL Negatively charged electron clouds REPEL Respective nuclei and electron clouds ATTRACT

Chemical Bond Formation: An Analogy


Like Goldilocks and the Three Bears, a chemical bond will form when the distance between atoms is just right.
Different for each atom combination

This just right distance results in a decrease of energy, and hence, the formation of a chemical bond

Chemical Bond Formation: A Graphical Representation

Chemical Bond Formation


Results in the rearrangement of electrons and requires a new bonding orbital to explain Well cover this information later this week

Types of Chemical Bonds


Ionic bondsan electrostatic attraction between ions
Nomenclature involves ion names Electronegativity differences greater than 1.67
Sodium chloride

Covalent bondselectrons are shared by nuclei


Carefulsharing is hardly ever 50-50! Nomenclature involves prefixes Electronegativity differences less than 1.67
Carbon dioxide

Metallic bonds

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