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8 File Handling in C'

File handling in C involves opening, reading from, and writing to files. To open a file, the fopen() function is used, specifying the file name and mode (e.g. read, write, append). Files can be read from using fscanf() and written to using fprintf(). Pointers to FILE objects are used to reference open files. When done, files should be closed with fclose() to release resources. Various functions like feof() allow checking the status or end of files.

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7K views

8 File Handling in C'

File handling in C involves opening, reading from, and writing to files. To open a file, the fopen() function is used, specifying the file name and mode (e.g. read, write, append). Files can be read from using fscanf() and written to using fprintf(). Pointers to FILE objects are used to reference open files. When done, files should be closed with fclose() to release resources. Various functions like feof() allow checking the status or end of files.

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Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File Handling in ‘C’

File.
„ A file is used for permanent storage.
Opening a file.
FILE *fp;
fp is a file pointer variable which contains address of structure FILE
which is defined in stdio.h
fopen(“file-name”,”opening mode”);
file-name – name of the file to open.
opening-mode – mode in which is file is to be opened. This may be:
r – reading mode.
w – writing mode.
a – appending mode.
e.g. fopen(“abc.txt”,”r”);
it will open file in reading mode. Means we can only read
its data.
Creating new file.
fopen(“abc.txt”, “w”);
it will open file in writing mode means you can only write
to this file. If name of the file file is not existing then it
creates new blank file.
caution: if you create an existing file in writing mode,
then its previous contents gets destroyed.

fopen(“abc.txt”, “a”);
it will open the existing file in appending mode. In this
case the previous contents doesn’t get destroyed you
can only append new data to this file.
Reading from a file.
fscanf is used to read the contents from the file.
Syntax:
fscanf(file-pointer,”access-specifier”,variables);
e.g. FILE *fp;
char name[10];
fp = fopen(“abc.txt”, “r”);
fscanf(fp,”%s”, name);
printf(“%s”, name);

Print to output fscanf

name name File


Writing to a file
fprintf is used to write the contents to the file.
Syntax:
fscanf(file-pointer,”access-specifier”,variables);
e.g. FILE *fp;
char name[10];
fp = fopen(“abc.txt”, “w”);
fprintf(fp,”Your name : KKWP”);

This will print ‘Your name : KKWP’


in the file name ‘abc.txt’.
Some file operations.
fclose(file-pointer);
when you open a file using fopen() is must be closed
using this statement after use.
e.g. fclose(fp);
Checking exiting file:
if(fp==NULL)
then file is not existing.
feof(file-pointer)
it checks that end of file is reached or not. If yes returns
1 else false.
e.g. while(feof(fp))
fscanf(fp,”%s”, name);
Created By,
„ Mr. Tushar B Kute,
Lecturer in Information Technology,
K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik.
[email protected]

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