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Chapter 1

The document discusses various concepts related to composite materials including lamina, laminates, hybrid composites, lay-up, and stacking sequence. A lamina is a single layer of unidirectional or woven fabric in a matrix. A laminate consists of two or more stacked laminae at different orientations. Hybrid composites contain two or more different material types. Lay-up defines a laminate's ply composition while stacking sequence defines ply composition and orientation order. Examples of various laminate configurations are provided.

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143 views

Chapter 1

The document discusses various concepts related to composite materials including lamina, laminates, hybrid composites, lay-up, and stacking sequence. A lamina is a single layer of unidirectional or woven fabric in a matrix. A laminate consists of two or more stacked laminae at different orientations. Hybrid composites contain two or more different material types. Lay-up defines a laminate's ply composition while stacking sequence defines ply composition and orientation order. Examples of various laminate configurations are provided.

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ME 613 - Composite Materials

Elements of Compression Molding


Introduction Processing Process

Classification
Engineering
Constants of
Orthotropic Lamina
Constitutive Eqns
3 & 2-D orthotropic
Elastic Constants
of Arbitrary
Oriented Lamina
Micromechanics
Analysis
E1, E2, ν12, & G12
Stress & Failure Classical CTE & CME
Analysis of Laminate Failure Theories
Laminates Theory Test Methods
E1, E2, ν12, & G12
CTE & MTE
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS & DEFINITIONS
Lamina (or Ply): It is a single layer (plane or curved) of unidirectional or
woven fabric in a matrix.

Uni-directional Laminate

Laminate: Two or more unidirectional laminae or plies stacked together


at various orientations is called Laminate.
The laminae (plies) can be of various thicknesses and consists
of different or same materials. Ex: (0/90/0), (0/0/0/0) = (0 4)
Hybrid Composites: A composite made up of 2 or more different
types of materials.
Ex: (0k/0k/45c/90c)

Interply Hybrid Composites: Laminate made up of plies of Gl/Epoxy,


C/epoxy & aramid/epoxy.

Intraply Hybrid Composites: A ply made up of 2 or more fibers


intermingled.

Intra-Interply Hybrid Composites: Combination of Intraply and


Interply hybrid.
Lay-up: Configuration of a laminate that defines ply composition.
(0/±45/90)
Stacking sequence: Configuration of a laminate that defines ply composition and
the exact sequence of ply orientation and its thickness.

Example:
Unidirectional: [0/0/0/0/0/0] = [06]
Cross-ply symmetric: [0/90/90/0] = [0/90]s
Angle-ply symmetric: [45/-45/-45/45] = [45/-45]s = [±45]s
Angle-ply asymmetric: [30/-30/30/-30/30/-30/30/-30] = [30/-30]4 = [±30]4
Quasi isotropic: [0/+45/-45/90]
Symmetric Quasi-isotropic: [0/+45/-45/90/90/-45/45/0] = [0/±45/90]s
Multidirectional: [0/+45/30/-30/45]
Hybrid: [0k/0k/45c/-45c/90G/-45c/45c/0k/0k]T = [02k/ ±45c/90G]s
Define: S=Symmetric, K=Kevlar, C=Carbon, G=Glass, T=Total

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