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Alcl 3

Aluminum chloride is a yellowish-white crystalline solid that sublimes at 180°C. It is hygroscopic and releases corrosive fumes when exposed to moisture in the air. Contact with water results in an exothermic reaction, where aluminum chloride forms aluminum hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Aluminum chloride is manufactured on a large scale by reacting aluminum metal with chlorine or hydrogen chloride gas at high temperatures.

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21 views

Alcl 3

Aluminum chloride is a yellowish-white crystalline solid that sublimes at 180°C. It is hygroscopic and releases corrosive fumes when exposed to moisture in the air. Contact with water results in an exothermic reaction, where aluminum chloride forms aluminum hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Aluminum chloride is manufactured on a large scale by reacting aluminum metal with chlorine or hydrogen chloride gas at high temperatures.

Uploaded by

Fateme Ghannad
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physical Properties: Aluminum Chloride Anhydrous is derieved from the purified gases Chloride with high purity molten

Aluminium. Chemically pure Aluminium Chloride Anhydrous is a yellowish white crystal which sublimes at 180 c. Only at pressures above 2.5 atm and temperature above 190C, is a liquid state. Chemical Properties: AluminiumChloride is anhydrous, non-explosive, nonflammable but a Corrosive solid. It releases fumes of hydrochloride acid in contact with moist air. Any contact with water resulits in an exothermis reaction, the wiolence of which depends on the grade of Aluminum Chloride involved

Aluminum

AlF3 AlCl3

Mp bp 1290 1275 192.6 180

AlCl3,6H2O

180(sub)

Wikipedia:
Reactions with water
Aluminium chloride is hygroscopic, having a very high affinity for water. It fumes in moist air and hisses when mixed with liquid water as the Cl- ions are displaced with H2O molecules in the lattice to form the hexahydrate AlCl36H2O (also white to yellowish in color). The anhydrous phase cannot be regained on heating as HCl is lost leaving aluminum hydroxide or alumina (aluminum oxide): Al(H2O)6Cl3 Al(OH)3 + 3 HCl + 3 H2O On strong heating (~400C), the aluminum oxide is formed from the aluminum hydroxide via: Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3 H2O Aqueous solutions of AlCl3 are ionic and thus conduct electricity well. Such solutions are found to be acidic, indicative of partial hydrolysis of the Al3+ ion. The reactions can be described (simplified) as: [Al(H2O)6]3+ [Al(OH)(H2O)5]2+ + H+ Aqueous solutions behave similarly to other aluminium salts containing hydrated Al3+ ions, giving a gelatinous precipitate of aluminium hydroxide upon reaction with sodium hydroxide: AlCl3 + 3 NaOH Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl

[edit] Synthesis
Aluminium chloride is manufactured on a large scale by the exothermic reaction of aluminium metal with chlorine or hydrogen chloride at temperatures between 650 to 750 C.[2] 2 Al + 3 Cl2 2 AlCl3 2 Al + 6 HCl 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2 In the US in 1993, approximately 21,000 tons were produced, not counting the amounts consumed in the production of aluminium.[4] Hydrated aluminium trichloride is prepared by dissolving aluminium oxides in hydrochloric acid. Heating this solid does not produce anhydrous aluminium trichloride, the hexahydrate decomposes to aluminium oxide when heated to 300 C:[4] 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2O Al2O3 + 6 HCl Aluminium also forms a lower chloride, aluminium(I) chloride (AlCl), but this is very unstable

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