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Valences of The Elements

This document lists the common valences, or oxidation states, of each element in the periodic table. It shows that most metals have stable positive valences when bonding, while nonmetals have stable negative valences. Some transition metals can adopt multiple valences. The valences an element exhibits depends on its position in the periodic table and electronic configuration.

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Zain Ul Abdin Mughal
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437 views

Valences of The Elements

This document lists the common valences, or oxidation states, of each element in the periodic table. It shows that most metals have stable positive valences when bonding, while nonmetals have stable negative valences. Some transition metals can adopt multiple valences. The valences an element exhibits depends on its position in the periodic table and electronic configuration.

Uploaded by

Zain Ul Abdin Mughal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Valences of the Elements

Number

Element

Valence

Hydrogen

(-1), +1

Helium

Lithium

+1

Beryllium

+2

Boron

-3, +3

Carbon

(+2), +4

Nitrogen

-3, -2, -1, (+1), +2, +3, +4, +5

Oxygen

-2

Fluorine

-1, (+1)

10

Neon

11

Sodium

+1

12

Magnesium

+2

13

Aluminum

+3

14

Silicon

-4, (+2), +4

15

Phosphorus

-3, +1, +3, +5

16

Sulfur

-2, +2, +4, +6

17

Chlorine

-1, +1, (+2), +3, (+4), +5, +7

18

Argon

19

Potassium

+1

20

Calcium

+2

21

Scandium

+3

22

Titanium

+2, +3, +4

23

Vanadium

+2, +3, +4, +5

24

Chromium

+2, +3, +6

25

Manganese

+2, (+3), +4, (+6), +7

26

Iron

+2, +3, (+4), (+6)

27

Cobalt

+2, +3, (+4)

28

Nickel

(+1), +2, (+3), (+4)

29

Copper

+1, +2, (+3)

30

Zinc

+2

31

Gallium

(+2). +3

32

Germanium

-4, +2, +4

33

Arsenic

-3, (+2), +3, +5

34

Selenium

-2, (+2), +4, +6

35

Bromine

-1, +1, (+3), (+4), +5

36

Krypton

37

Rubidium

+1

38

Strontium

+2

39

Yttrium

+3

40

Zirconium

(+2), (+3), +4

41

Niobium

(+2), +3, (+4), +5

42

Molybdenum

(+2), +3, (+4), (+5), +6

43

Technetium

+6

44

Ruthenium

(+2), +3, +4, (+6), (+7), +8

45

Rhodium

(+2), (+3), +4, (+6)

46

Palladium

+2, +4, (+6)

47

Silver

+1, (+2), (+3)

48

Cadmium

(+1), +2

49

Indium

(+1), (+2), +3

50

Tin

+2, +4

51

Antimony

-3, +3, (+4), +5

52

Tellurium

-2, (+2), +4, +6

53

Iodine

-1, +1, (+3), (+4), +5, +7

54

Xenon

55

Cesium

+1

56

Barium

+2

57

Lanthanum

+3

58

Cerium

+3, +4

59

Praseodymium

+3

60

Neodymium

+3, +4

61

Promethium

+3

62

Samarium

(+2), +3

63

Europium

(+2), +3

64

Gadolinium

+3

65

Terbium

+3, +4

66

Dysprosium

+3

67

Holmium

+3

68

Erbium

+3

69

Thulium

(+2), +3

70

Ytterbium

(+2), +3

71

Lutetium

+3

72

Hafnium

+4

73

Tantalum

(+3), (+4), +5

74

Tungsten

(+2), (+3), (+4), (+5), +6

75

Rhenium

(-1), (+1), +2, (+3), +4, (+5), +6, +7

76

Osmium

(+2), +3, +4, +6, +8

77

Iridium

(+1), (+2), +3, +4, +6

78

Platinum

(+1), +2, (+3), +4, +6

79

Gold

+1, (+2), +3

80

Mercury

+1, +2

81

Thallium

+1, (+2), +3

82

Lead

+2, +4

83

Bismuth

(-3), (+2), +3, (+4), (+5)

84

Polonium

(-2), +2, +4, (+6)

85

Astatine

86

Radon

87

Francium

88

Radium

+2

89

Actinium

+3

90

Thorium

+4

91

Protactinium

+5

92

Uranium

(+2), +3, +4, (+5), +6

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