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The document describes a mercury-steam binary vapor cycle. In this cycle, mercury vapor from a mercury boiler expands in a mercury turbine before being condensed. The heat rejected during mercury condensation is used to boil water and produce steam. The steam then expands in a steam turbine. There are two distinct thermodynamic cycles - the mercury cycle of boiler-turbine-condenser-pump and the steam cycle of boiler-turbine-condenser-pump. The mass of mercury required per kg of steam produced is calculated based on the heat transfer between the two working fluids. Expressions for the net work output and thermal efficiency of the combined cycle are also provided.

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116 views

MSBVC

The document describes a mercury-steam binary vapor cycle. In this cycle, mercury vapor from a mercury boiler expands in a mercury turbine before being condensed. The heat rejected during mercury condensation is used to boil water and produce steam. The steam then expands in a steam turbine. There are two distinct thermodynamic cycles - the mercury cycle of boiler-turbine-condenser-pump and the steam cycle of boiler-turbine-condenser-pump. The mass of mercury required per kg of steam produced is calculated based on the heat transfer between the two working fluids. Expressions for the net work output and thermal efficiency of the combined cycle are also provided.

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Vapour Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M .

Mallikarjuna

5.11 Mercury-Steam Binary Vapor Cycle:

STEAM SUPER HEATER


AND MERCURY BOILER 4
3 STEAM
TURBINE
C MERCURY 5
TURBINE
D CONDE
NSER

A 1
B 2
PUMP PUMP
(a)

Indian Institute of Technology Madras


Vapour Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjuna

T
4
B
A D
3
2
1 5
s
(b)

Fig.5.11. Binary vapour power cycle

Above figure shows the schematic diagram of a mercury-steam binary cycle. The

corresponding T-s diagram is also shown. There are two distinct circuits, one for

mercury and the other for steam. Saturated mercury vapor from the mercury boiler at

state C enters the mercury turbine, expands to state D, and is condensed at state A.

The condensate is pumped back to the boiler by the mercury pump.

The heat rejected in the mercury condenser is used to vaporize water into steam at

state 3. Thus, the mercury condenser also acts as the steam boiler. Note that there is a

considerable temperature differential between condensing mercury and boiling water.

Saturated steam is then superheated to state 4 as shown, expanded in the steam

turbine to state 5 and then condensed. The mercury cycle is represented by A-B-C-D-A

and the steam cycle by 1-2-3-4-5-1 on the T-s diagram.

Indian Institute of Technology Madras


Vapour Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjuna

Let x = mass of mercury per kg of steam.

Then,

x ( h D - h A ) = 1(h 3 - h 2 ) ≈ (h 3 - h1 )

(h 3 - h1 )
x =
(h D - h A )

⎧Hg turbine work + steam turbine work ⎫


Net work done = ⎨ ⎬
⎩ + Hg pump work + steam pump work ⎭
w net = x(h C - h D ) + x(h A - h B ) + (h 4 - h 5 ) + (h1 - h 2 )

Neglecting pump work:

w net = x(h C - h D ) + (h 4 - h 5 )

Heat supplied per kg of steam = x(h C - h B ) + (h 4 - h 3 ) ≈ x(h C - h A ) + (h 4 - h 3 )

⎧ x(h C - h D ) + (h 4 - h 5 ) ⎫
ηth = ⎨ ⎬
⎩ x(h C - h 4 ) + (h 4 - h 3 ) ⎭

Indian Institute of Technology Madras

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