MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

1|t|e of Lesson yLhagoras' 1heorem

1arget Students llrsL ?ear
r|or know|edge
O nowledge galned ln prevlous geomeLry lessons
O 1ypes of Angles (rlghL angle)
O 1rlangles and consLrucLlons
O erpendlcular horlzonLal verLlcal llnes
O Area and lengLh Solvlng LquaLlons use of CalculaLor and square rooLs eLc

urat|on 40 mlnuLes
Cb[ect|ves
O 1o lnLroduce yLhagoras' 1heorem Lo sLudenLs and glve a deflnlLlon of yLhagoras' 1heorem
O uemonsLraLe Lhe relaLlonshlp beLween sldes ln a Lrlangle
O nLroduce Lhe concepL of Lhe hypoLenuse of a Lrlangle
O uemonsLraLe how Lo flnd Lhlrd slde ln a Lrlangle when glven Lhe oLher Lwo sldes
O nLercepL posslble mlsconcepLlons whlch sLudenLs may have

osslble mlsconcepLlons whlch sLudenLs may have
O MlslnLerpreLaLlon of Lhe hypoLenuse
O -oL knowlng when Lo use yLhagoras 1heorem
O ulfflculLly flndlng Lhe Lhlrd slde of Lrlangle when lL ls noL Lhe hypoLenuse
O nowlng Lhe dlfference beLween O2 and 2Oupll acLlvlLles and Leacher lnpuL
MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

Lesson nLeracLlon
SLudenL' Learnlng 1asks
1eacher npuL
SLudenL AcLlvlLles osslble
and LxpecLed 8esponses
1eacher's SupporL and AcLlons

Checklng undersLandlng
arL 1 ulscoverlng a paLLern Lhe longesL slde squared ln a rlghL angled Lrlangle equals Lhe sum of Lhe oLher Lwo sldes squared
?ou can work ln palrs so LhaL you can
check each oLher's work buL sLlll draw
your own Lrlangle
llrsL am golng Lo ask everyone Lo draw
accuraLely a llne segmenL measurlng
3cm Pavlng done LhaL draw anoLher llne
segmenL measurlng 4cm perpendlcular Lo
Lhe flrsL llne segmenL !oln Lhe Lwo free
ends of Lhe llne segmenLs wlLh anoLher
llne segmenL
Measure the th|rd ||ne segment
When you measure |t I w||| be ab|e to g|ve
you the answer and you w||| be ab|e to te||
me |f I am correct
8epeaL Lhe above for rlghLangled
Lrlangles wlLh sldes 6 8 and 3 12
CompleLe Lhe Lrlangles and measure Lhe
Lhlrd slde and wlll be able Lo glve you
Lhe answer wlLhouL measurlng

Clve me any 2 sldes beslde Lhe rlghL
angle ln a rlghLangled Lrlangle and can
Lell you Lhe lengLh of Lhe Lhlrd slde ?ou
can draw and check lL by measurlng



ConsLrucLlon of a Lrlangle
glven SAS







SLudenLs are surprlsed Lo
reallse Lhe Leacher already
knows Lhe lengLh of Lhe
Lhlrd slde

SLudenLs draw measure
and ask Lhe Leacher for Lhe
answer
SLudenLs choose Lhelr own
lengLhs for Lhe 2 sldes of a
Lrlangle uslng SAS wlLh Lhe
A 90
0
1hey measure Lhe
Lhlrd slde and Lhen ask Lhe
Leacher for Lhe answer and
flnd LhaL Lhe Leacher ls able
Lo glve Lhe correcL answer
wlLhouL measurlng
1eacher clrculaLes checklng LhaL sLudenLs are
consLrucLlng Lhe Lrlangle accuraLely








1eacher glves Lhe correcL answer for Lhe
lengLh of Lhe Lhlrd slde



Agaln Lhe Leacher predlcLs Lhe correcL
lengLhs for Lhe Lhlrd slde



WlLh Lhe ald of Lhe calculaLor Lhe Leacher
deLermlnes Lhe measure of Lhlrd slde for Lhe
sLudenLs



1he van Plele 1heory ls applled
here as Lhe language engaged ln
by Lhe Leacher plays an
lmporLanL role






Are sLudenLs measurlng and
drawlng accuraLely?





Are all sLudenLs parLlclpaLlng?
MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW


Can you see a paLLern? Look aL Lrlangles
wlLh sldes 343 and 6810 and 312 13

uslng Lhe 3 4 3 Lrlangle square Lhe
Lhree sldes uo you now see a paLLern?
f you do Lell Lhe class whaL lL ls and Lhen
wrlLe lL down ln your own words

f you are noL seelng a paLLern Lry addlng
Lhe squared numbers LogeLher Lo see lf a
paLLern exlsLs

8epeaL squarlng Lhe sldes for Lhe 6810

and 3 12 13 Lrlangles and wrlLe down
Lhe paLLern you see


8epeaL Lhls for Lhe oLher rlghLangled
Lrlangles you have drawn Agaln wrlLe
down Lhe paLLern you have found

When squared Lhe Lwo shorLesL sldes and
added Lhem goL Lhe longesL slde squared
Pow dld Lhen geL Lhe longesL slde?
uo Lhls for each of Lhe Lrlangles 343 and
6810 and 3 12 13 Lo flnd Lhe longesL sldes
ln each case




Some may see Lhe paLLern


Some sLudenLs may see Lhe
paLLern LhaL 2 of Lhe sldes
squared added glve Lhe
Lhlrd slde squared

AL Lhls sLage mosL sLudenLs
wlll see Lhe above paLLern


SLudenLs see LhaL Lhe
largesL slde squared equals
Lhe squares of Lhe oLher
Lwo sldes added LogeLher







?ou goL Lhe square rooL of
your answer
SLudenLs square Lhe 2 longesL
sldes add Lhem geL Lhe
square rooL of Lhelr answer
and check wlLh Lhelr
measuremenLs

f some sLudenLs see a paLLern ask Lhem Lo
explaln lL Lo Lhe class
SLudenLs may need Lo be glven Lhe hlnL Lo
square all sldes buL Lhe teacher g|ves
students t|me to th|nk before g|v|ng the h|nt



1eacher helps sLudenLs havlng dlfflculLy by
geLLlng Lhem Lo add Lhe squared numbers ln
dlfferenL comblnaLlons












1eacher checks LhaL sLudenLs can flnd Lhe
square rooL uslng Lhe calculaLor
MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

arL 2 -oLlng LhaL Lhe blggesL angle ln a rlghL angled Lrlangle ls 90
0
Lhe longesL slde ls opposlLe Lhls angle and lL ls Lhe hypotenuse
Clven a Lrlangle wlLh one angle equal Lo
90
0
can elLher of Lhe oLher angles be 90
0
?
Lxplaln


1herefore whaL slze ls Lhe largesL angle
ln a rlghLangled Lrlangle?

uslng Lhe rlghL angled Lrlangles you have
drawn wlLh sldes 3 4 3 and 3 12 13 and
6 8 10 whaL do you noLlce abouL Lhe
longesL slde and Lhe angle opposlLe lL?

We have a speclal name for Lhe longesL
slde ln a rlghLangled 98called Lhe
hypotenuse.
L wlll always be Lhe llne LhaL ls opposlLe
Lhe rlghL angle

ulsLrlbuLe Student Act|v|ty 1

Cn Lhe SLudenL AcLlvlLy can lndlcaLe
where Lhe hypoLenuse ls on each of Lhe
Lrlangles

1he 3 angles add up Lo 180
0

so Lhe oLher 2 angles have
Lo add up Lo 90
0
and are
Lherefore less Lhan 90
0


90
0



1he angle opposlLe Lhe
longesL slde ls
90
0
and lL ls Lhe blggesL
angle ln Lhe Lrlangle






SLudenLs wlll work on Lhe
sLudenL acLlvlLy ldenLlfylng
Lhe hypoLenuse of varlous
Lrlangles


1eacher draws a dlagram of a rlghLangled
Lrlangle on Lhe board






SLudenLs may need help wlLh Lhe
word"opposlLe" Leacher explalns uslng an
arrow from Lhe rlghL angle Lo Lhe longesL
slde



uslng Lhe dlagram on Lhe board of a rlghL
angled Lrlangle Lhe Leacher labels Lhe longesL
slde as Lhe hypotenuse and wrlLes lL ln new
words llsL on Lhe board


1eacher dlsLrlbuLes SLudenL AcLlvlLy 1 Lo each
sLudenL

1eacher wlll sLlmulaLe learnlng and
encourage sLudenLs Lo ask quesLlons





















Can sLudenLs correcLly ldenLlfy
Lhe hypoLenuse?


MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

arL 3uslng yLhagoras 1heorem Model


Can we all look aL Lhls model and Lell me
where Lhe rlghL angle ls?
Pow many degrees ln a rlghL angle?
olnL Lo Lhe rlghL angled Lrlangle ln Lhe
model and ask sLudenLs Lo ldenLlfy lLs
slde lengLhs (3unlLs 4unlLs 3unlLs)

8ulldlng squares on Lhe 2 smaller sldes
whaL ls Lhe area of each of Lhese
squares?

Ask one sLudenL up Lo Lhe Lop of class Lo
flll ln Lhe conLenLs of Lhe Lwo smaller
squares lnLo Lhe blgger square
Can you Lell me lf Lhere ls a paLLern here?


Whlch slde has Lhe largesL area bullL on
lL?


WhaL do you conclude?

90
0
Cbserve model on Lhe
overhead pro[ecLor


9 and 16



1he areas of Lhe 2 smaller
squares added LogeLher
equal Lhe area of Lhe
square on Lhe hypoLenuse


1he hypoLenuse


n Lhls rlghL angled Lrlangle
Lhe area of Lhe square bullL on
Lhe hypoLenuse equals Lhe
area of Lhe squares on Lhe
oLher 2 sldes added LogeLher



lace Lhe ythagoras Mode| on Cverhead
ro[ecLor Lo ensure all Lhe class can observe
work



1eacher alds sLudenL ln demonsLraLlng Lhe
concepL of yLhagoras' 1heorem on Lhe
overhead pro[ecLor

1eacher asks varlous sLudenLs Lo verballse
whaL Lhey have observed












Are sLudenLs able Lo verballse Lhe
paLLern Lhey have seen
yLhagoras' Lheorem ln Lerms of
areas?
MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

art 4 n|story of the ythagoras 1heorem
and re|nforc|ng the verba||s|ng of same

We have dlscovered an amazlng facL abouL
rlghLangled Lrlangles Powever
unforLunaLely oLher people knew Lhls
before we dld A very long Llme ago over
3000 years ago LgypLlan 8abylonlan and
Creek MaLhemaLlclans dlscovered Lhls buL
years laLer a man named yLhagoras a
very famous maLhemaLlclan proved lL was
Lrue 1haL ls why we call lL yLhagoras'
1heorem Some maLhemaLlclans argued
LhaL he sLole Lhe ldea
yLhagoras proved LhaL for any rlghL
angled Lrlangle Lhe square of Lhe
hypoLenuse ls equal Lo Lhe squares of Lhe
oLher Lwo sldes added LogeLher
h
2
a
2
+b
2
lor whaL Lypes of Lrlangles does Lhls work?

WhaL dld you all noLlce abouL Lhe lengLh of
Lhe Lhree sldes of each Lrlangle we have
looked aL Loday when we squared Lhem?


Worklng ln palrs wrlLe down ln your own
words Lhe paLLern we have found ln rlghL
angled Lrlangles 1esL each oLher Lo see
LhaL you can sLaLe Lhe paLLern

yLhagoras' 1heorem only
works for rlghLangled
Lrlangles

1wo of Lhe sldes squared
added up Lo Lhe Lhlrd slde
squared


n a rlghLangled Lrlangle Lhe
square of Lhe hypoLenuse ls
equal Lo Lhe squares of Lhe
oLher Lwo sldes added
LogeLher




1eacher shares Lhe hlsLory of
yLhagoras wlLh Lhe class and
asks Lhe class Lo look up
yLhagoras on Lhe lnLerneL and
share Lhelr flndlngs nexL day

1eacher uses Lhe rlghLangled
Lrlangle drawn on Lhe board
when verballslng Lhe Lheorem



































Are sLudenLs able Lo sLaLe Lhe
Lheorem wlLh undersLandlng and
uslng correcL Lermlnology?

MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

art S We are now go|ng to demonstrate
the 1heorem of ythagoras |n d|fferent
s|tuat|ons
We wanL Lo flnd Lhe lengLh of Lhe dlagonal
of our desks WhaL does Lhls have Lo do
wlLh whaL we have been learnlng ln
yLhagoras' Lheorem?
Pow do you calculaLe Lhe lengLh of Lhe
dlagonal uslng whaL you have learned
from yLhagoras' 1heorem?

f we know Lhe square of Lhe hypoLenuse
how Lo we flnd Lhe Lhlrd slde?



WrlLe down calculaLlons and compare wlLh
measured value of Lhe dlagonal




All Lhe desks ln Lhe room seem Lo be
approxlmaLely Lhe same slze ls Lhls Lrue?




f you had Lo brlng a beam of wood whlch
was sllghLly Laller Lhan Lhe doorway
Lhrough Lhe doorway how would you do
Lhls?


1he desk ls recLangular and ls
made up of 2 rlghLangled
Lrlangles 1he dlagonal ls Lhe
hypoLenuse
Square Lhe 2 smaller sldes and
add and Lhls glves us Lhe
square of Lhe hypoLenuse
llnd Lhe square rooL of Lhls
number uslng Lhe calculaLor
SLudenLs measure Lwo sldes of
Lhelr desk and calculaLe Lhe
hypoLenuse SLudenLs check
Lhelr answers uslng Lhe
measurlng Lape Lo measure Lhe
lengLh of Lhe dlagonal
SLudenLs compare Lhelr answers
wlLh oLher sLudenLs f Lhelr
answers are very dlfferenL Lhey
recheck Lhelr measuremenLs
8rlng lL ln along Lhe dlagonal as
lL ls Lhe longesL slde of a rlghL
angled Lrlangle




1eacher allocaLes measurlng
Lape Lo each group Lo enable
Lhem compleLe Lhelr Lask

1eacher wlll answer any
quesLlons and observe work
checklng LhaL Lhey know whlch
slde ls Lhe hypoLenuse

Lmphaslse LhaL yLhagoras'
1heorem only applles Lo rlghL
angled Lrlangles

1eacher emphaslses Lhe
hypoLenuse squared squares
of oLher 2 sldes added
LogeLher


Check LhaL sLudenLs know how
Lo geL square rooL on Lhelr
calculaLor

uld Lhe measured lengLh of Lhe
dlagonal agree wlLh Lhe
calculaLed lengLh?



1eacher checks for undersLandlng
of Lhe deflnlLlon
Can Lhey calculaLe Lhe
hypoLenuse?
Can Lhey explaln ln Lhelr words
whaL Lhey are dolng?


Are sLudenLs able Lo apply
yLhagoras' Lheorem Lo calculaLe
Lhe hypoLenuse ln a rlghLangled
Lrlangle?

MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW%


arL 6 uslng Student Act|v|ty 2 ca|cu|ate
Lhe lengLh of Lhe hypoLenuse ln Lhese
rlghLangled Lrlangles










arL 7 uslng Student Act|v|ty 3 calculaLe
Lhe mlsslng Lhlrd slde ln Lhese rlghL angled
Lrlangles when we are glven Lhe
hypoLenuse and one oLher slde ln a rlghL
angled Lrlangle

llnally here are some more quesLlons
where we wlll have Lo flnd a slde of a rlghL
angled Lrlangle

Pow do we flnd Lhe Lhlrd slde?
kecap
ueflne yLhagoras's 1heorem and whaL
you have learned Loday
nomework
Comp|ete Student Act|v|t|es no 2 and 3
for homework and f|nd |nformat|on on
ythagoras on the |nternet
SLudenLs work ln palrs and use
yLhagoras's 1heorem ln
deLermlnlng Lhe hypoLenuse
of a rlghL angled Lrlangle glven
Lhe oLher 2 sldes




SLudenLs work ln palrs and use
yLhagoras's 1heorem ln
deLermlnlng Lhe lengLh of a
slde ln a rlghL angled Lrlangle
glven Lhe hypoLenuse and one
oLher slde


1eacher d|str|butes Student
Act|v|ty 2
8ecap deflnlLlon of
yLhagoras's 1heorem

f necessary use Lhe board Lo
demonsLraLe Lhe calculaLlon of
Lhe hypoLenuse

1eacher clrculaLes Lo see lf
sLudenLs are able Lo compleLe
Lhe SLudenL AcLlvlLy

1eacher d|str|butes Student
Act|v|ty 3

f necessary use Lhe board Lo
demonsLraLe Lhe calculaLlon of
Lhe mlsslng Lhlrd slde


1eacher asks d|fferent student
to state ythagoras theorem
and when |t |s used








Are sLudenLs able Lo apply
yLhagoras' Lheorem Lo calculaLe
Lhe lengLh of any one of Lhe
Lhree sldes ln a rlghLangled
Lrlangle glven Lwo of Lhe lengLhs?



















MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW%

Student Act|v|ty 1 Labe| the hypotenuse |n these r|ght ang|ed tr|ang|es

MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

1nAGCkAS 1nLCkLM
Student Activity 2
NAML_________%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%








x
2
3
2
+ 12
2

x
2
23 + 144
x
2


169
x

v169
x 13












x
2
8
2
+ 11
2
x
2
64 + 121

x
2
183
x v183
x 1360(c L 2dp)

x
12
3

Lk 1
x
8
13
2
x
7
24
Lk 3
x
8
11
Lk 4
10
2 x
Lk S
13
18
x
Lk 6
MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

1nAGCkAS 1nLCkLM
SLudenL AcLlvlLy 3






13
2
x
2
+ 12
2

223

x
2
+ 144
223144

x
2

81

x
2

v81 x
9 x





8
2
x
2
+ 7
2

64 x
2
+ 49
64 49 x
2

13 x
2

v13 x
3 87 x(cL2dp)

13
12
x
Lk 1
2
12
x
2
30
x
48
Lk 3
x
18 20
Lk S Lk 4
8
x

7
Lk 6
11
x
14
MaLhs ueparLmenL Wexford vocaLlonal College SYW

1eacher's 8oard


NLW WCkS

PypoLenuse
yLhagoras
1heorem
8cm 10cm C

+ 8

C

PypoLenuse
6cm A
C

+ 8

+ 8

36 + 64
C

100
C 10