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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth and spread. Cancer cells grow uncontrollably, forming tumors that can invade nearby areas or spread through the body. Not all tumors are cancerous, as benign tumors do not grow uncontrollably or spread. Cancer develops due to problems in genes that control cell growth, which can be inherited or caused by internal or external factors like tobacco, viruses, radiation, diet, pollution, and lack of exercise. While some cancers are hereditary, most develop due to a combination of genetic defects and environmental exposures. Cancer is diagnosed through various screening tests, medical imaging, and microscopic examination of tissue samples. Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The risk of developing

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Reiko Undug
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48 views1 page

Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth and spread. Cancer cells grow uncontrollably, forming tumors that can invade nearby areas or spread through the body. Not all tumors are cancerous, as benign tumors do not grow uncontrollably or spread. Cancer develops due to problems in genes that control cell growth, which can be inherited or caused by internal or external factors like tobacco, viruses, radiation, diet, pollution, and lack of exercise. While some cancers are hereditary, most develop due to a combination of genetic defects and environmental exposures. Cancer is diagnosed through various screening tests, medical imaging, and microscopic examination of tissue samples. Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The risk of developing

Uploaded by

Reiko Undug
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cancer /knsr/ ( listen), known medically as a malignant neoplasm, is a large group of different diseases, all involving unregulated cell

growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the body through the lymphatic system orbloodstream. Not all tumors are cancerous. Benign tumors do not grow uncontrollably, do not invade neighbouring tissues, and do not spread throughout the body. Healthy cells control their own growth and will destroy themselves if they become unhealthy.Cell division is a complex process that is normally tightly regulated. Cancer occurs when problems in the genes of a cell prevent these controls from functioning properly. These problems may come from damage to the gene or may be inherited, and can be caused by various sources inside or outside of the cell. Faults in two types of genes are especially important: oncogenes, which drive the growth of cancer cells, and tumor suppressor genes, which prevent cancer from developing. Determining what causes cancer is complex, and it is often impossible to assign a specific cause for a specific cancer. Many things are known to increase the risk of cancer, includingtobacco use, infection, radiation, lack of physical activity, poor diet and obesity, and [1] environmental pollutants. These can directly damage genes or combine with existing genetic faults [2] within cells to cause the disease. A small percentage of cancers, approximately five to ten percent, are entirely hereditary. Cancer can be detected in a number of ways, including the presence of certain signs and symptoms, screening tests, or medical imaging. Once a possible cancer is detected it is diagnosed by microscopic examination of a tissue sample. Cancer is usually treated withchemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. The chances of surviving the disease vary greatly by the type and location of the cancer and the extent of disease at the start of treatment. While cancer can affect people of all ages, and a few types of cancer are more common in children, the risk of developing cancer generally increases with age. In 2007, cancer caused about 13% ofall human deaths worldwide (7.9 million). Rates are rising [3] as more people live to an old age and as mass lifestyle changes occur in the developing world.

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