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Origin and Nature of Intelligence

Intelligence can be characterized as an individual's ability to complete different types of tasks and is measured through tests that evaluate factors like verbal ability, reasoning, memory, and more. Researchers like Alfred Binet, David Wechsler, and Louis Thurstone developed theories of intelligence and approaches for measuring it. Intelligence appears to be influenced both by hereditary factors as well as environmental conditions, as evidenced by studies finding differences in IQ associated with upbringing, education quality, and family traits.

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MeLodie Licudine Esquejo
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135 views

Origin and Nature of Intelligence

Intelligence can be characterized as an individual's ability to complete different types of tasks and is measured through tests that evaluate factors like verbal ability, reasoning, memory, and more. Researchers like Alfred Binet, David Wechsler, and Louis Thurstone developed theories of intelligence and approaches for measuring it. Intelligence appears to be influenced both by hereditary factors as well as environmental conditions, as evidenced by studies finding differences in IQ associated with upbringing, education quality, and family traits.

Uploaded by

MeLodie Licudine Esquejo
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Origin and Nature of Intelligence

Intelligence, mental ability or Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is the ability to place people along a spectrum of scholastic aptitude from dull to bright with its relationship to personal, academic and vocational success. y Alfred Binet and David Wechsler - Characterized intelligence as exploratory dependent on comprehension, motivation, adaptability and other related factors. Edward Lee Thorndike - Recognized that intelligence has a meaning only by its observable consequences, by its products. The products of intelligence are the tasks that an individual is able to complete. - Envisioned that there are many different types of intelligence as there are different types of tasks. - The best indicators of intelligence would be the abilities to supply words to make a statement true and sensible (completion test); solve mathematical problems; understand single words (vocabulary test); and understand connected discourse, as in oral directions for paragraph reading (direction test). Louis Thurstone - Characterized intelligence as a series of distinct abilities. - Explained that ability is isolated by giving mental tests to a great number of people and determined through a mathematical process known as factor analysis, the lowest number of abilities necessary to explain the correlations among the tests. - Six factors: verbal (V), number (N), spatial (S), word fluency (W), memory (M), and reasoning.

Factors affecting Intelligence y Heredity Influence - Sir Francis Galton observed that there were family differences in ability and concluded that mental ability is hereditary. - He believed that certain families are biologically superior to others that some are innately more intelligent than others. - The more sensitive and accurate an individual s perceptual apparatus, the more intelligent the person. - He propose that the human race s mental capacities could be enhanced through eugenics, or selective breeding.

Environmental Influence 1. Changing environmental conditions 2. Environmental deprivation and environmental enrichment 3. Environmental intervention through Venezuelan Intelligence Project and Carolina Abecedarian Project. 4. School environment 5. Biological factors influence environment

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