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Prolem Set1

1) This problem set covers topics in quantum mechanics including mathematical formulations, postulates, operators, eigenstates, and commutation relations. 2) It asks to show relationships between position and momentum operators for a particle in a 1D potential well, and deduce an equation relating the energy, momentum, and position. 3) A particle in an infinite square well is released into a well twice the original size; it asks to calculate the most probable energy, its probability, and the next most probable energy and probability. It also asks for the expected energy.

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Dibyajyoti Mohanta
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146 views

Prolem Set1

1) This problem set covers topics in quantum mechanics including mathematical formulations, postulates, operators, eigenstates, and commutation relations. 2) It asks to show relationships between position and momentum operators for a particle in a 1D potential well, and deduce an equation relating the energy, momentum, and position. 3) A particle in an infinite square well is released into a well twice the original size; it asks to calculate the most probable energy, its probability, and the next most probable energy and probability. It also asks for the expected energy.

Uploaded by

Dibyajyoti Mohanta
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Set 1 on Quantum Mechanics II

Preliminary Topics: Mathematical Formulation and Postulates


1. |n are the eigenstates of a Hermitian operator H (H is, for example, the Hamiltonian of an arbitrary physical system). Assume that the states |n form a discrete orthonormal basis. The operator U (m, n) is dened by: U (m, n) = |m n | (a) Calculate the hermitian adjoint of U (m, n). (b) Calculate the commutator [H, U (m, n)]. (c) Calculate Tr (U (m, n)). (d) Let A be an operator, with matrix with matrix representation in |n bases. Prove the relation: A= Amn U (m, n).
m,n

(e) Show that Apq = Tr AU (p, q) . 2. Consider the Hamiltonian H of a particle in a one-dimensional problem dened by: H= 1 2 P + V (X); 2m

where X and P are bearing the ususal meaning satisfying the relation [X, P ] = . Now |n s are dened by H |n = En |n , with discrete index n. (a) Show that m | P |n = m | X |n ; where is a coecient which depends on the dierence between Em and En . Calculate (hint: consider the commutator [X, H] ). (b) From this, deduce, using the closure relation, the equation: (En Em )2 | n | X |m |2 =
m 2

M2

n | P 2 |n .

3. A particle of mass m is in the ground state of the innite square well. Suddenly the well expands to twice its original size,leaving the wave function (momentarily) undisturbed. The energy of the particle is now measured. (a) What is the most probable result? What is the probability of getting that result? (b) What is the next most probable result, and what is its probability? (c) What is the expectation value of the energy? 4. Using the relation x|p = (2 )1 exp (px), nd the expressions x| XP | and x| P X | in terms of (x). Can these results be found directly by using the fact that in the |x representation, d P acts like dx . 5. Find the momentum-space wave function n (p, t) for the nth stationary state of the innite square well. Construct |n |2 (its simplest to write separate formulas for odd and even n). Show that |n |2 is nite at p = n /a.

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