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The Sum of The Eigenvalues of A Square Matrix Is Its Trace

The document discusses the trace of a square matrix and proves that the sum of the eigenvalues of a matrix is equal to its trace. It does this by showing that the sum of the diagonal elements of AB is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements of BA, and the diagonal elements are the eigenvalues. This establishes that the trace, which is defined as the sum of the diagonal elements, is equal to the sum of the eigenvalues. An example is provided to illustrate the proof.

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312 views

The Sum of The Eigenvalues of A Square Matrix Is Its Trace

The document discusses the trace of a square matrix and proves that the sum of the eigenvalues of a matrix is equal to its trace. It does this by showing that the sum of the diagonal elements of AB is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements of BA, and the diagonal elements are the eigenvalues. This establishes that the trace, which is defined as the sum of the diagonal elements, is equal to the sum of the eigenvalues. An example is provided to illustrate the proof.

Uploaded by

gillnumber22
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Trace of a matrix The trace of a square matrix Theorem 4 The sum of the eigen values of a square matrix is its

trace. To prove theorem 4: Theorem 2 is defined as the sum of its diagonal elements.

Let us compare the diagonal elements to AB and BA and see if sum is the same AB

That is

BA

That is

(II)

We compare (I) and (II):

(II)

Looking at first row for (I) and first column for (II) we see they are equal Looking at second row for (I) and second column for (II) we see they are equal . Looking at last row for (I) and last column for (II) we see they are equal

Illustration

Let

) and

and

of the corresponding elements of of the corresponding elements of ( )( ) and .

Theorem 3

Proof [ [ Proved. If D is eigenvalues on the diagonal and A is the matrix which has the given eigenvalues (this is defined in elementary linear algebra chapter 6.2 elementary linear algebra) then: ] ] [ ] by theorem 2

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