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070 Spanish Subjunctive

The document provides an overview of the Spanish subjunctive tense, including its formation and common uses. It explains that the subjunctive is formed by taking the yo conjugation of the present indicative tense and removing the -o ending, then adding specific suffixes that vary based on the verb type (-ar, -er, -ir). It also discusses the formation of the past subjunctive from the third person plural preterite form, and the present perfect and past perfect subjunctive which combine forms of haber with the past participle. The key uses of the subjunctive depend on whether the main clause verb is in the present/future or past tense.

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190 views2 pages

070 Spanish Subjunctive

The document provides an overview of the Spanish subjunctive tense, including its formation and common uses. It explains that the subjunctive is formed by taking the yo conjugation of the present indicative tense and removing the -o ending, then adding specific suffixes that vary based on the verb type (-ar, -er, -ir). It also discusses the formation of the past subjunctive from the third person plural preterite form, and the present perfect and past perfect subjunctive which combine forms of haber with the past participle. The key uses of the subjunctive depend on whether the main clause verb is in the present/future or past tense.

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Hugh Fox III
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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070 Spanish Subjunctive http://foxhugh.wordpress.

com/spanish/70-suffixes/ The subjunctive is not used very often in English, but it is very common and important in Spanish. Some command forms are actually the subjunctive, so the formation of the present subjunctive should not be too difficult. Start with the first person singular yo conjugation in the present indicative tense, remove the final -o and add these endings: Present Subjunctive -ar verbs -e -es -e -emos -is -en -er and -ir -a -as -a -amos -is -an (Notice that -ar verbs use -e and -er/-ir verbs use -a) Usually when there is an irregular spelling change in the present indicative of a verb, that form will be used for the stem of all of the subjunctive forms. Verbs than end in -erir, -ertir, or -entir use two different irregular spellings in the present subjunctive: mentir in present subjunctive mienta mientas mienta mintamos mintis mientan The past subjunctive is formed from the third person plural of the preterite. Remove the -on ending, leaving you with -ar and -ier, and add these new endings: Past (Imperfect) Subjunctive all verbs -a -as -a -amos -ais -an An accent is added to the stem vowel as well in the first person plural form. Instead of hablaramos, it is hablramos; instead of comieramos, it is comiramos, etc. Note that there

070 Spanish Subjunctive http://foxhugh.wordpress.com/spanish/70-suffixes/ is another way to form the past subjunctive (a different set of endings), but the endings given are used more often. You must always the past subjunctive after como si. Es como si fuera mi padre. It's as if he were my father. The present perfect subjunctive is formed with the present subjunctive of haber and the past participle of the main verb. Similarly, the past perfect subjunctive is formed with the past subjunctive of haber and the past participle of the main verb. Present perfect subjunctive haya hayas haya hayamos hayis + past participle hayan Past perfect subjunctive hubiera hubieras hubiera hubiramos hubierais + past participle hubieran You must always pay attention to the correct usage of verb tenses. When the verb of the main clause is in the present or future, then the verb of the subordinating clause will be in the present subjunctive. But if the verb in the main clause is in a past tense, the verb of the subordinating clause will be in the past subjunctive. Links http://www.ielanguages.com/spanish4.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbE5ORBSeu4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6jFcCQyuYk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlK3ZgGFpTU

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