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Storage Tank Calculation

This document provides guidelines for designing an above ground storage tank according to API 650 standards. It outlines 15 main steps for the design process: 1) collecting design data, 2) selecting materials, 3) calculating allowable shell stresses, 4) determining shell thickness using the one-foot method, 5) designing the annular plate, 6) designing the bottom plate, 7) designing the roof plate, 8) sizing the top curb angle, 9) designing the top wind girder, 10) designing intermediate wind girders if needed, 11) calculating weights, 12) analyzing wind loads, 13) checking for overturning from wind, 14) calculating seismic moment for operating conditions, and 15) checking for overturning from

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Chaitanya Sai T
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1K views

Storage Tank Calculation

This document provides guidelines for designing an above ground storage tank according to API 650 standards. It outlines 15 main steps for the design process: 1) collecting design data, 2) selecting materials, 3) calculating allowable shell stresses, 4) determining shell thickness using the one-foot method, 5) designing the annular plate, 6) designing the bottom plate, 7) designing the roof plate, 8) sizing the top curb angle, 9) designing the top wind girder, 10) designing intermediate wind girders if needed, 11) calculating weights, 12) analyzing wind loads, 13) checking for overturning from wind, 14) calculating seismic moment for operating conditions, and 15) checking for overturning from

Uploaded by

Chaitanya Sai T
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design Code

API 650 Eleventh Editions June 2007

References
Appendix B Appendix E Formulae for Stress And Strain Tank Data Sheet

Rules followed for designing


All components are designed with API 650 June 2007 edition Shell are designed as per one foot method Wind force and moment are calculated as per API 650 Seismic force and moment are calculated as per API 650

CALCULATION 1. DESIGN DATA TO BE COLLECTED AS PER DATA SHEET 2. MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION


Materials are selected for the following Shell/Bottom/Roof Plate Roof Structure/Curb Angle Nozzles Flanges Bolting For Nozzles Bolting for Structures

Wind Girder Plate specification and Minimum Yield strength, Minimum Tensile Strength and Product Design Stress are selected from Table 5.6.2 for the shell plates.

3. SHELL DESIGN CALCULATION


Allowable Stress for Shell in Design Condition

Sd = 2/3*Ys*Fy Sd = 2/5*UTS sterength Sd = Table 5.2

where

Ys = Min. yield stress Fy = Yield stress reduction factor UTS= Ultimate tensile

Three values of Sd are got and the least value is taken as Sd Allowable Stress For Shell in Hydrostatic Test Condition St = 3/4*Ys*Fy St = 3/7*UTS St = Table 5.2 Three values of St are got and the least value is taken as St

4. Shell Thickness Calculation One foot Method


The 1-foot method calculates the thicknesses required at design points 0.3 m (1 ft) above the bottom of each shell course. This method shall not be used for tanks larger than 60 m (200 ft) in diameter.

td =

4.9 x D x (H - 0.3) x G ---------------------------------- + C.A. Sd 4.9 x D x (H - 0.3) -----------------------------St

tt =

Where, td = Design Shell Thickness in mm tt = Hydrostatic Test Shell Thickness in mm H = Design Liquid Height as per Cl. 5.6.3.2 Minimum required shell thickness is selected from the table 5.6.1.1 Thickness of each shell course is calculated using above formulae. The thickness calculated must be greater than minimum thickness taken from the table 5.6.3.2 Thickness of each shell course is tabulated.

5. ANNULAR PLATE

Radial Width of annular plate

Annular bottom plates shall have a radial width that provides at least 600 mm Therefore min required radial width = +Bottom plate Projection outside the shell

Thickness+ Lap of bottom plate (Refer 5.5.2) Check for min. width of Annular Plate In SI units:

Where tb = thickness of the annular plate (see 5.5.3), in mm, H = maximum design liquid level (see 5.6.3.2), in m, G = design specific gravity of the liquid to be stored.

Thickness of annular plate

Minimum thickness of the bottom plate is 6mm as per 5.4.1 (Excluding the corrosion allowance) Hydrostatic test stress in the lowest course Sth is calculated. As per Sth value thickness of the annular plate is checked with Table 5.1

6. Bottom Plate
As per API 650 5.4.1, the minimum required thickness shall be 6 mm + C.A.

All rectangular and sketch plates shall have a minimum nominal width of 1800 mm (72 in.) Tank bottoms requiring sloping shall have a minimum slope of 1:120 upwards toward center of the tank.

7. Design of Roof Plate Thickness:


As per API 650 5.10.2.2, the minimum nominal thickness shall be 5 mm + C.A. Roof Slope / Angle 1 : 100

8. Sizing of Top Curb Angle


As per API 650 5.1.5.9.e, min. curb angle of size is L 76 X 76 X 6.4 THK.

9. Top Wind girder


The Top Wind Girder is provided at: 1100 mm From Top Curb Angle as per 5.9.4 As per API 650, 3.9.6 the required min. section modulus is,

H2 = Height of Tank Shell Vz=Design wind velocity

C = A(1)*Y(1) + A(2)*Y(2) + A(3)*Y(3) -----------------------------------------------A(1)+A(2)+A(3) I= BD^3 ------12 +AY^2

Z =I/Ymax Zprovided > Zreqd.

10. Intermediate Wind Girder


Transformed width of each shell stake is given by

Where, Wtr = transposed width of each shell course, mm (in.), W = actual width of each shell course, mm (in.), tuniform = as ordered thickness, unless otherwise specified, of the top shell course, mm (in.),

tactual = as ordered thickness, unless otherwise specified, of the shell course for which the transposed width is being calculated, mm (in.). The values are tabulated as follows

The Cumm Wtr gives the Transformed Width Htr

As per API 650 5.9.7.1, the maximum height of the unstiffened shell H1 is

If Htr > H1 then intermediate wind girder must be provided The section modulus of the intermediate wind girder shall be based on the properties of the attached members and may include a portion of the tank shell for a distance above and below the attachment to the shell, in mm (in.) In SI units

11. WEIGHT CALCULATION


Calculate Weight for each and every part of the tank

12. WIND ANALYSIS


Basic Wind Pressure on cylinder (Pcy) = P*Hc Basic Wind Pressure on roof (Pr) =P*Hc Hc = (v/160) ^2 (The value of P is given below) (Refer 5.2.1 The design wind pressure shall be 0.86 kPa (V/190)^2, ([18lbf/ft2][V/120]^2) on vertical projected areas of cylindrical surfaces and 1.44 kPa (V/190)^2, ([30lbf/ft2][V/120]^2) uplift on horizontal projected areas of conical or doubly curved surfaces, where V is the 3-sec gust windspeed.) Wind load on cylinder section Wind load on the roof section (Fcyl) =Dw *H*Pcy (Fr) =Ac*pr

Where Dw = effective tank diameter H = height of the tank Ac =Effective cone area Resultant wind load F =Fcyl+Fc Resultant Moment M = F*Z + Fr*(H+Hd/3)

Hd=Dome height Effective wind load on tank Fe =1.1*F Effective wind moment on the base Me=1.1*M

13. Check For Over Turning Due To Wind


Overturning wind moment = Me

Wt of shell + wt of roof +wt of plate =W1 Force due to internal pressure =W2 Wt available to resist uplift (W) = W1-W2 Two third of the dead load resisting moment= 2/3 * (W*D/2)

14. CALCULATION FOR SESMIC MOMENT FOR OPERATING CONDITION


Find form factor (K) from Fig E-4 Find effective mass of the contents from Fig E-2 (W1/Wt and W2/Wt) Find effective centroid of seismic force from Fig E-3 (X1/H and X2/H) Over turning at the base of the tank

15. CHECK FOR OVERTURNING DUE TO SESMIC MOMENT

Max weight of the tank content resisting overturning moment is Wl = 99*tb*(Fby*G*H) How ever overturning moment Wl should not exceed 196GHD Where tb= Thickness of the bottom plate Fby= Yield Strength of the bottom plate

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