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L Research

Exploratory research is conducted when a problem is not clearly defined or its scope is unclear. It helps familiarize the researcher with the problem and may generate hypotheses. Exploratory research determines the best research design and methods through informal discussions, interviews, focus groups or pilot studies. Descriptive research describes the characteristics and frequencies of what is being studied through quantitative surveys and panels to gain understanding. Explanatory research seeks to understand relationships between variables through hypothesis testing to explain the nature of certain relationships.

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Muneeza Akhtar Muneeza Akhtar
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65 views

L Research

Exploratory research is conducted when a problem is not clearly defined or its scope is unclear. It helps familiarize the researcher with the problem and may generate hypotheses. Exploratory research determines the best research design and methods through informal discussions, interviews, focus groups or pilot studies. Descriptive research describes the characteristics and frequencies of what is being studied through quantitative surveys and panels to gain understanding. Explanatory research seeks to understand relationships between variables through hypothesis testing to explain the nature of certain relationships.

Uploaded by

Muneeza Akhtar Muneeza Akhtar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TYPES OF RESEARCH

EXPLORATORY RESEARCH Exploratory research is often conducted because a problem has not been clearly defined as yet, or its real scope is as yet unclear. It allows the researcher to familiarize him/herself with the problem or concept to be studied, and perhaps generate hypotheses to be tested. Exploratory research helps determine the best research design, data collection method and selection of subjects, and sometimes it even concludes that the problem does not exist! Another common reason for conducting exploratory research is to test concepts before they are put in the marketplace, always a very costly endeavor. In concept testing, consumers are provided either with a written concept or a prototype for a new, revised or repositioned product, service or strategy. Exploratory research can be quite informal, relying on secondary research such as reviewing available literature and/or data, or qualitative approaches such as informal discussions with consumers, employees, management or competitors, and more formal approaches through in-depth interviews, focus groups, projective methods, case studies or pilot studies. The results of exploratory research are not usually useful for decision-making by themselves, but they can provide significant insight into a given situation. Although the results of qualitative research can give some indication as to the "why", "how" and "when" something occurs, it cannot tell us "how often" or "how many". In other words, the results can neither be generalized; they are not representative of the whole population being studied. Possible situations of exploratory research: Would people be interested in our new product idea? Quality of service is declining and we dont know why.

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH Descriptive research is also called Statistical Research. The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data and characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research is to study frequencies, averages, and other statistical calculations. Although this research is highly accurate, it does not gather the causes behind a situation. Descriptive research is mainly done when a researcher wants to gain a better understanding of a topic for example, a frozen ready meals company learns that there is a growing demand for fresh ready meals but doesnt know much about the area of fresh food and so has to carry out research in order to gain a better understanding. It is quantitative and uses surveys and panels and also the use of probability sampling. Descriptive research is the exploration of the existing certain phenomena. The details of the facts wont be known. The existing phenomenal facts are not known to the persons. Possible situations of descriptive research: Did last years product recall have an impact on our companys share price? What have been the trends in organizational downsizing over the past ten years? EXPLANATORY RESEARCH Explanatory studies look for explanations of the nature of certain relationships. Hypothesis testing provides an understanding of the relationships that exist between variables. A style of research in which the primary goal is to understand the nature or mechanisms of the relationship between the independent and dependent variable. Possible situations of explanatory research Which of two training programs is more effective for reducing labor turnover? Do buyers prefer our product in a new package?

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Data collection methods can be classified into qualitative and quantitative methods. This is a conventional classification as a distinction it can be helpful to writers, but it can also be misleading. A useful way to distinguish between the two methods is to think of qualitative methods as providing data in the form of words quantitative methods as generating numerical data. . Quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection are often employed in support of each other on the one research project. The qualitative researcher may use historical numerical data to support a particular finding, for example. Similarly, qualitative data can provide rich information about the social processes in specific settings.

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