FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Question No. 1
The slab of figure below is fixed at one edge and simply supported at the other two edges. The ultimate slab load is W u = 10 kN/m2. Assume the slab is reinforced in both directions x and y. Use yield line method to; i. ii. iii. Given, determine the expected yield line of the slab (sketch the yield line) write an expression for the external and internal energy write the final moment capacity equation

My Mx

= 1.2 ;

Mx = 0.8 M 'x

My 8m Mx

Mx 8m

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Question No. 2 The biaxially-bent column shown in figure below is a part of a braced frame. It has to resist an ultimate axial load of 750 kN and ultimate moment about x and y axes as shown. Design the column for the first iteration (K=1.0). State your K value and Asc from the column design chart. You need also to calculate value of K using clause 3.8.3.1 of BS8110 : Part 1
My= 25 kNm

Given Floor to floor height = 6.5 m

Mx= 40 kNm

cu = 30 N/mm2 y = 460 N/mm2

Cover = 30 mm Link = 10 mm Longitudinal bar = 20 mm

Mx= 30 kNm

My= 15 kNm

X 35 0 Y

30 0 25 0 20 0

30 0

32 5 15 0

27 5

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Solution # 1

8 - 4 tan

tan 2 =

A A 4 tan A 2

4 tan 4 1 = 4 tan 2 = 1 tan

4m

4m
4 = 41

tan 1 =

21

My Mx

= 1.2 Therefore My = 1.2 Mx

Mx = 0.8 Therefore Mx = 1.25 Mx M' x

External energy, Ee = Load x Area x Average distance moved For Area A; External Energy, Ee = {( w ) x ( x 4 x 4 tan ) x ( )}4 For Area B External Energy, Ee = {( w ) x ( 4 x (8 4 tan )) x ( )}2

1 2

Internal Energy; Ei = Moment x Rotation x length of yield line Sagging Yield lines; Vertical line; Ei = My x 21 x ( 8 4 tan ) = 1.2 Mx x 21 x ( 8 4 tan ) Slanting line (resolve horizontally); Ei = 2 ( Mx x 2 x 4) 1 = 2 ( Mx x x 4) tan

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Slanting line (resolve vertically); Ei = 2 ( My x 1 x 4 tan ) = 2 (1.2 Mx x 1 x 4 tan ) Hogging Yield lines; 1 x8 Ei = Mx x tan 1 = 1.25 Mx x x8 tan Equating External and Internal Energy

Total External Energy Ee,total = {( w ) x ( x 4 x 4 tan ) x ( )}4 + {( w ) x ( 4 x (8 4 tan )) x ( )}2

1 1 Ee,total ={10 x 0.5 x 4 x 4 tan x 4 x1 x }4 + {10 x 4 x(8-4tan)x( 4 x1 x )}2 3 2 Ee,total = 426.67 1 tan + 1280 1 - 640 1 tan = 1280 1 - 213.33 1 tan #

1 2

Total Internal Energy Ei,total = {1.2Mxx 21 x(8 4 tan )} + {2(Mx x {1.25 Mx x

1 x8} tan
8M x 1 10M x 1 + 9.6Mx 1 tan + tan tan 1 x 4)} + {2(1.2 Mx x 1 x 4 tan )} + tan

Ei,total = 19.2Mx 1 - 9.6Mx 1 tan + Ei,total = 19.2Mx 1 +

18M x 1 tan

Therefore Ee,total = Ei,total 1280 1 - 213.33 1 tan = 19.2Mx 1 + 1280 213.33 tan = Mx (19.2 +
18M x 1 tan

18 ) tan

Mx =

1280 213.33 tan 18 19.2 + tan

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Solution # 2
Reference: Calculation About X-X axis (Plane Y-Z) Condition 2 300 lox Condition 2
Therefore = 0.85

Remarks

350

325

About Y-Y axis (Plane X-Z)

300 loy 250 275

Condition 1

Condition 1

Therefore = 0.75

Calculate the value of lex and ley lox = 6.5 0.3 = 6.2 m loy = 6.5 0.3 = 6.2 m
Therefore;

lex = ()(lox) = (0.85)(6.2) = 5.27 m # ley = ()(loy) = (0.75)(6.2) = 4.65 m #

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Reference:

Calculation 1. Calculate the slenderness ratio

Remarks

lex 5.27 = = 15.057 > 15 h 0.35

l ey b = 4.65 = 18.6 > 15 0.25

Therefore the column is slender. 2. Consider moment about X-X axis (Plane Y-Z)

Mi = 0.4 M1 + 0.6 M2 0.4 M2 Therefore; Mi = 0.4 (-30) + 0.6 (40) Mi = 12 kNm # 0.4 M2 = 0.4 (40) = 16 kNm Mix = 16 kNm

Take the greatest value, Mix = 16 kNm 2.1 Calculate additional moment, Madd,

(Assume K = 1)

M add = Nau = (N) ( a Kh)

Madd = (N) (
1 le 2 ( ) ) (K)(h) 2000 b'

= (750)(

1 5.27 2 )( ) )(1.0)(0.35) 2000 0.35

Madd = 29.76 kNm

= 29.76 kNm #

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Reference:

Calculation 2.2 For the first iteration (K=1), the total moment, Mtx is; a) M2 = 40 kNm b) Mix + Madd = 16 + 29.76 = 45.76 kNm c) M1 +

Remarks

M add = 30 + 31.25 = 44.88 kNm 2

d) eminN = (0.05 x 0.35)(750) = 13.13 kNm Mtx = 45.76 kNm.

Mtx = 45.76 kNm #

3. Consider moment about Y-Y axis (Plane X-Z)

Mi = 0.4 M1 + 0.6 M2 0.4 M2 Therefore; Mi = 0.4 (-15) + 0.6 (25) Mi = 9 kNm # 0.4 M2 = 0.4 (25) = 10 kNm Take the greatest value, Miy = 10 kNm Miy = 10 kNm 3.1 Calculate additional moment, Madd,

(Assume K = 1.0) Madd = (N) (

1 le 2 ( ) ) (K)(h) 2000 b'

= (750)(

1 4.65 2 )( ) )(1.0)(0.25) 2000 0.25

= 32.43 kNm #

Madd = 32.43 kNm

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Reference:

Calculation 3.2 For the first iteration (K=1), the total moment, Mty is; a) M2 = 25 kNm b) Miy + Madd = 10 + 32.43 = 42.43 kNm c) M1 +

Remarks

M add = 15 + 16.22 = 31.22 kNm 2

d) eminN = (0.05 x 0.25)(750) = 9.38 kNm

Mty = 42.43 kNm #

Mty = 42.43 kNm

4. Calculate

Mx My Mx My or h' b' h' b' use either equation 40 or 41

to

h' = h Cover - link - bar/2 = 350 30 10 20/2 h' = 300 mm b' = b Cover - link - bar/2 = 250 30 10 20/2 b' = 200 mm

M y 42.43 M x 45.76 = 0.153 and = 0.212 = = h' 300 b' 200

Therefore; Mx My < , then use equation 41 h' b'
M y '= M y + b' Mx h'

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Reference:

Calculation 5. Calculate the value of ;

N 750 x10 3 = = 0.29 bhf cu (350)( 250)(30)

Remarks

By interpolation
= ( 0.77 0.65 )(0.3 0.29) + 0.65 = 0.662 0.3 0.2

Therefore;
M y '= M y + b' Mx h'

= 42.43 + (0.662)(
My = 62.625 kNm #

200 )(45.76) 300

6. Calculate

N M and ; bh bh 2 N = 8.57 bh

N 750 x10 3 = = 8.57 N/mm2 bh (350)(250) M 62.625x10 6 = = 2.86 N/mm2 2 2 bh (350)(250)

M = 2.86 bh 2

d 200 = = 0.8 ; fcu = 30 N/mm2; fy = 460 N/mm2 h 250

Refer to Chart 27 of Bs8110: Part 3, 100 Asc = 1.2; Asc = 1050mm2 bh

Asc = 1050mm2
k = 0.8

k = 0.8 Provide 4T20 = 1257 mm2

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

Faculty of Civil Engineering Tel:(+603) 5543 6153 Fax: (+603) 5543 5275

Reference:

Calculation

Remarks

Check on the value of K at interpolated from the design chart using equation 33 of BS8110

K=

N uz N 1 N uz N bal N uz N where N uz N bal

K=

Nuz = 0.45fcubh + 0.95fyAsc

= (0.45 x 30 x 350 x 250) + (0.95 x 460 x 1050) = 1640.1 kN #

Nbal = 0.25fcubd

= 0.25 x 30 x 350 x 200 = 525 kN #

K=

1640.1 750 =0.798 # 1640.1 525

The value of K from the design chart and from calculation is almost the same. Shear Reinforcement;
Min. = bar 20 = 5mm = 4 4

Max Spacing = 12 bar = 12 x 20 = 240mm Provide R10 @ 200 mm c/c

250 mm

R10 @ 200 mm c/c 350 mm 4T20

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (ECS478) - TEST No. 2 Solution

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