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This experiment compares the efficiencies of square and vee threads for raising and lowering loads using a duplex screw jack. For both thread types, the mechanical advantage is calculated based on measurements of applied load and effort force. The mechanical advantage values are then used to determine the efficiency of each thread type by taking into account friction. Based on the observations and calculations shown, the efficiencies of square and vee threads are compared for load rising and lowering configurations.

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Hammad Hassan
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2K views

Lab Report

This experiment compares the efficiencies of square and vee threads for raising and lowering loads using a duplex screw jack. For both thread types, the mechanical advantage is calculated based on measurements of applied load and effort force. The mechanical advantage values are then used to determine the efficiency of each thread type by taking into account friction. Based on the observations and calculations shown, the efficiencies of square and vee threads are compared for load rising and lowering configurations.

Uploaded by

Hammad Hassan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PIEAS

Compare the Efficiency of Square and Vee Threads


Hammad Hassan Hasham Mehmood Hammad Aslam G-2;BSME: 2011-15

2012

MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT

Abstract:
This experiment is about the comparison of efficiencies of square and vee threads while raising or lowering loads. Its principle is based on duplex screw jack. A screw jack is a mechanical device that can increase the magnitude of an effort force or which is used to overcome a heavy pressure or raise a heavy weight of W by a much smaller force F applied at the handle. So, by computing load versus effort for square and vee threads the required result can be analyzed.

Introduction:
Duplex Screw jack is one of the most important simple machines that give mechanical advantage. It consists of three pulleys one with larger diameter and is lying horizontal while other two with smaller diameter are lying vertically. Along the pulley of larger diameter across its diameter towards other pulleys, it is further connected to the support on which weights are added via hanger. Actually smaller diameter pulleys are connected to the support via thread. Along the axis of pulley of larger diameter there is a threaded rod like on which both square and vee threads are grooved. Loads can be raised or lowered along these threads by means of bolt which is further connected to the hanger on which loads are applied directly. The assembly is as according to the diagram. In one orientation for a load lowering, calculate the different values of mechanical advantage for both square and vee threads. Values of mechanical advantage will help us to compute their efficiencies which then can easily be compared. By just changing the orientation of small pulleys the case of load rising could easily be analyzed.

Procedure:
At first we wrap the thread to the groove of the pulley of larger diameter in such a way that it will unwrap smoothly that is it do not overlap. Then connect the hanger to the square threads via bolt. Loads are added to that hanger. Then small weights are added to the hanger that is connected to larger pulley via thread passing over small pulleys and that weight determines our effort required to overcome applied loads. Repeat the experiment for both cases that is load rising and load lowering. Take almost 5 to 6 readings for each case for square threads. Values of load and effort will give mechanical advantage that will help in computing its efficiency. Repeat the same task for vee threads and then compare the efficiencies of square and vee threads.

Observations and Calculations:


Pulley of larger diameter = d = 100 mm Weight of hanger of larger pulley = 1N Weight of support and hanger of smaller pulley = 0.5 N + 0.5 N = 1N Thread pitch for both = h = 4 mm Mean diameter of rod = 28 mm Lead angle = = 5.2

FOR SQUARE THREADS Let M = Applied Moment (Couple) in Newton-meters = Effort * Pulley radius W = Load being raised or lowered in Newton h = Pitch of thread = Lead angle = tan-1( h / (*r) ) = Coefficient of friction

Then,

( ( ( (

)( ) )( )

(For load rise)

(For load fall) Load being lowered Effort M.A 2 11.5 2.7 12.2 3.5 12.8 3.7 14.3 4.5 14.0

Sr No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Load 23 33 43 53 63

Load being raised Effort M.A 3 7.6 4 8.2 5.5 7.8 6.5 8.1 7.5 8.4

0.35 0.32 0.34 0.32 0.32

Load 23 33 43 53 63

0.21 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.16

FOR VEE THREADS Let = Vee Angle (Commonly 30) = .sec Then, that is
( ( ( ( )( )

= 0.866
)( ) ) )

(For load rise)

(For load fall) Load being lowered Effort M.A 2.2 10.4 3.2 10.3 3.5 12.2 4.5 11.7 5.0 12.6

Sr No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Load 23 33 43 53 63

Load being raised Effort M.A 3.5 6.5 4.0 8.2 5.5 7.8 6.5 8.1 7.5 8.4

0.30 0.27 0.29 0.27 0.27

Load 23 33 43 53 63

0.20 0.20 0.17 0.17 0.16

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